Background/Aim. There is clear evidence on direct relationship between
periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. Many investigations point out
greater prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among diabetic
patients. During last decade, low level laser therapy has been used in
periodontal therapy. It has biostimulative effect, accelerates wound healing,
minimizes pain and swelling, and there is almost no contraindication for its
usage. The aim of the paper was to investigate the efficiency of low level
laser therapy as adjuvant tool in reduction of gingival inflammation in
diabetic patients. Methods. The study incuded 150 participants divided into
three groups: group I (50 participants with diabetes mellitus type 1 and
periodontal disease), group II (50 participants with diabetes mellitus type 2
and periodontal disease), group III (nondiabetic participants with
periodontal disease). Gingival health evaluation was done using gingival
index L?e-Silness. Soft and hard deposits were removed, periodontal pockets
cleaned and GaAlAs low level laser therapy (5 mW) applied five consecutive
days. In each patient, low level laser therapy was not applied on the left
side of the jaw in order to compare the effects of the applied therapy. After
the first, third and fifth therapy and one month after the last visit
gingival index was evaluated. Before the first and after the fifth therapy
exfoliative cytology of gingiva was done and nuclei areal was analyzed
morphometrically. Results. After all investigated periods, gingival index and
nuclei areal were significantly decreased comparing to values before the
therapy, at both jaw sides (p < 0.001). After the 1st, 3rd and 5th therapy,
the t-test showed a significantly decreased gingival index at the lased side
of jaw comparing to non-lased side. Conclusion. Low level laser therapy is
efficient in gingival inflammation elimination and can be proposed as an
adjuvant tool in basic periodontal therapy of diabetic patients.