scholarly journals Tree regeneration characteristics in limestone forests of the Cat Ba National Park, Vietnam

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Vien Pham ◽  
Christian Ammer ◽  
Peter Annighöfer ◽  
Steffi Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Site Factor ◽  
Overstory Tree ◽  
Threatened Tree Species

Abstract Background The ability of overstory tree species to regenerate successfully is important for the preservation of tree species diversity and its associated flora and fauna. This study investigated forest regeneration dynamics in the Cat Ba National Park, a biodiversity hotspot in Vietnam. Data was collected from 90 sample plots (500 m2) and 450 sub-sample plots (25 m2) in regional limestone forests. We evaluated the regeneration status of tree species by developing five ratios relating overstory and regeneration richness and diversity. By examining the effect of environmental factors on these ratios, we aimed to identify the main drivers for maintaining tree species diversity or for potential diversity gaps between the regeneration and the overstory layer. Our results can help to increase the understanding of regeneration patterns in tropical forests of Southeast Asia and to develop successful conservation strategies. Results We found 97 tree species in the regeneration layer compared to 136 species in the overstory layer. The average regeneration density was 3764 ± 1601 per ha. Around 70% of the overstory tree species generated offspring. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List, only 36% of threatened tree species were found in the regeneration layer. A principal component analysis provided evidence that the regeneration of tree species was slightly negatively correlated to terrain factors (percentage of rock surface, slope) and soil properties (cation exchange capacity, pH, humus content, soil moisture, soil depth). Contrary to our expectations, traces of human impact and the prevailing light conditions (total site factor, gap fraction, openness, indirect site factor, direct site factor) had no influence on regeneration density and composition, probably due to the small gradient in light availability. Conclusion We conclude that the tree species richness in Cat Ba National Park appears to be declining at present. We suggest similar investigations in other biodiversity hotspots to learn whether the observed trend is a global phenomenon. In any case, a conservation strategy for the threatened tree species in the Cat Ba National Park needs to be developed if tree species diversity is to be maintained.

Tree Regeneration Characteristics in Limestone Forests of the Cat Ba National Park, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Vien Pham ◽  
Christian Ammer ◽  
Peter Annighöfer ◽  
Steffi Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Site Factor ◽  
Overstory Tree

Abstract Background: Forest regeneration is decisive for future forest development and therefore of major concern to forest ecologists. The ability of overstory tree species to regenerate successfully is important for the preservation of tree species diversity and its associated flora and fauna. This study investigated forest regeneration dynamics in the Cat Ba National Park, a biodiversity hotpot in Vietnam. Data was collected from 90 sample plots and 450 sub-sample plots in the regional limestone forests. We compared species richness between the regeneration and overstory tree layers and examined the effect of environmental factors on the occurrence of regeneration. We developed five ratios to relate overstory and regeneration richness and diversity. Results: We found 97 tree species in the regeneration layer compared to 136 species in the overstory layer. Average regeneration density was 3,764 ± 1,601 per ha. Around 70% of the overstory tree species generated offspring. Of the tree species threatened according to The International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species, only 36% were found in the regeneration layer. A principal component analysis provided evidence that the regeneration of tree species was linked to terrain factors (percentage of rock surface, slope) and soil properties (Cation exchange capacity, pH, humus content, soil moisture, soil depth). Contrary to our expectations, the prevailing light conditions (total site factor, gap fraction, openness, indirect site factor, direct site factor) had no influence on regeneration density and composition, probably due to the small gradient in light availability. Conclusion: We conclude that tree species richness in Cat Ba National Park appears to be declining at present. We suggest similar investigations in other biodiversity hotspots to learn whether the observed trend is a global phenomenon. In any case, a conservation strategy for the threatened tree species in the Cat Ba National Park needs to be developed if tree species diversity is to be maintained.

scholarly journals Forest Structure and Tree Species Diversity along an Altitudinal Gradient in Doi Inthanon National Park, Northern Thailand

Tropics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakhan TEEJUNTUK ◽  
Pongsak SAHUNALU ◽  
Katsutoshi SAKURAI ◽  
Witchaphart SUNGPALEE
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Doi Inthanon

Tree Species Diversity in Community Managed and National Park Forests in the Mid-Hills of Central Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 796-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Shankar Pandey ◽  
Tek Narayan Maraseni ◽  
Geoff Cockfield ◽  
Karin Gerhard
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Central Nepal

scholarly journals Assessment of tree species diversity, composition and structure of Medha Kachhapia National Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehraj Uddin ◽  
Faqrul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Diversity Assessment

Abstract. Uddin M, Chowdhury FI, Hossain MK. 2020. Assessment of tree species diversity, composition and structure of Medha Kachhapia National Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Asian J For 4: 15-21. Tree species diversity assessment is considered an essential task to design robust conservation action plans of Protected Areas (PAs). Numerous researches have assessed tree diversity of different PAs of Bangladesh but tree diversity of Medha Kachhapia National Park (MKNP) is still unknown due to lack of research initiatives. It hinders forest managers of this PA to plan and implement conservation actions successfully. To this end, the study carried out a systematic sampling to ascertain composition, distribution, and diversity of tree species available at MKNP of Bangladesh. Findings revealed that representation of tree diversity of MKNP was very poor. Only 10 tree species representing 6 families were identified. Besides, MKNP was dominated by different Dipterocarpus spp. especially with Dipterocarpus costatus. Dominance in height and diameter classes and high Important Value Index (133.94) of D. costatus indicated that the tree might possess a suitable habitat in MKNP to maintain optimum dispersal, development, and growth. However, recent plantation activities with exotic Acacia auriculiformis and intensified human-induced disturbances might hamper its habitat. Thus, to conserve the habitat of D. costatus and remaining forest resources of MKNP, reforestation efforts should be shifted from exotic to native tree species, and community anthropogenic disturbances should be minimized.

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of tree species diversity of Himchari National Park (HNP) in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saddam Hossen ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain ◽  
Md. Akhter Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Fahim Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Gmelina Arborea

Abstract. Hossen S, Hossain MK, Hossain MA, Uddin MF. 2020. Quantitative assessment of tree species diversity of Himchari National Park (HNP) in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Asian J For 5: 1-7. The aim of the study was to assess the tree species composition, dominance, and quantitative distribution of tree species of Himchari National Park, Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh through stratified random sampling method using sample plots (51) of 20 m x 20 m in size during the period of January 2017 to May 2018. A total of 961 stems (dbh ≥ 5 cm) of 88 tree species belonging to 64 genera and 37 families were enumerated where the stem density and basal area were 457.39 stem ha-1 and 10.979 m2 ha-1 respectively. On the other hand, the species diversity index, Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index, Shannon’s maximum diversity index, species evenness index, Margalef’s diversity index, and Simpson’s diversity index were 0.092, 3.733 ± 0.0071, 4.477, 0.834, 12.667 and 0.039 ± 0.0003 respectively. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was found for Acacia auriculiformis (23.23) followed by Tectona grandis (13.05), Gmelina arborea (12.66), Syzygium fruticosum (12.34), Casuarina equisetifolia (10.57), and Dipterocarpus turbinatus (10.55). The IVI value represents that Acacia auriculiformis possess highest dominance that is followed by Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea. Percentage distribution of tree individuals into different height classes found in quadrats showed that height range 3 - <8 m had the highest (59.83%) percentage of tree individuals. On the other hand, different dbh (having dbh ≥5 cm) classes showed that most of the trees (65.97%) belonged to dbh range 5 - <15 cm. The outcome of present study suggests for the protection, sustainable management, and conservation of the tree resources of HNP, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Phytodiversity and Phytosociology of Riparian Trees Along the Elevation Gradient In The Pamba River, Southern Western Ghats, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joby Paul ◽  
E S Adithya ◽  
Nisha P ◽  
Rogimon P Thomas ◽  
Sankaran K S Unni
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Tropical Rivers ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Riparian Trees ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
Ficus Hispida

Abstract BackgroundThe riparian vegetation along the tropical rivers become threatened due to anthropogenic interference. The tree species diversity and distribution along longitudinal and transversal dimensions is variable and has a pivotal role in the river ecology. The data on the riparian tree species diversity and distribution is inevitable for the nature-based restoration efforts. To test the variability along with the river profile, we investigated the tree species diversity and phytosociology in the tropical river Pamba, Southern Western Ghats. Variation of elevation (701–1923m asl Highrange; 71–700m asl Highland; 8–70m asl Midland and <7.0m asl Lowland) as an indicator of topographic species diversity, we laid a total of 54 × 3 quadrats and data were analyzed with Excel and PC-Ord. ResultsShannon-Wiener's diversity is uniform (1.43689–1.84841) and showed homogeneity (Multiple site similarity index = 0.825396825). Humboldtia vahliana, Neolamarckia cadamba, Vateria indica and Syzygium hemisphericum were showed the highest Importance Value Index. DBH size class (15–>331cm) demonstrated a reverse ‘J’ shaped curve. The tree density and total basal area demonstrated an increasing trend from Lowland to Highrange. Validation of Quadrat data with TWINSPAN and Braun-Blanquet table analysis indicated Ochreinauclea missionis-Ficus hispida-Neolamarckia cadamba in Lowland, Mallotus philippensis-Macaranga peltata-Ficus hispida in Midland, Madhuca neriifolia-Hydnocarpus alpina-Humboldtia vahliana in Highland and Symplocos cochinchinensis var. laurina-Syzygium hemisphericum-Cullenia exarillata in Highrange as dominant stand types. Reciprocal Averaging and Hierarchical Clustering revealed unequivocal classification of quadrats following species composition and elevation. Clumped dispersion was noticed in the Midland and Highland. High regeneration of Madhuca neriifolia, Hopea ponga and Humboldtia vahliana were observed along the elevation gradient.ConclusionsThe present research illustrated that the species diversity of riparian forest in the Pamba river is high and comparable with similar tropical rivers. The phytodiversity, phytosociology and regeneration data are significant for developing a conservation strategy of the anthropogenically fragmented Pamba river. Based on the stand type and regeneration data, Madhuca neriifolia, Hopea ponga, Humboldtia vahliana and Ochreinauclea missionis were suitable for buffer design and restoration along with the Pamba river profile.

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