Tree Regeneration Characteristics in Limestone Forests of the Cat Ba National Park, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Vien Pham ◽  
Christian Ammer ◽  
Peter Annighöfer ◽  
Steffi Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Site Factor ◽  
Overstory Tree

Abstract Background: Forest regeneration is decisive for future forest development and therefore of major concern to forest ecologists. The ability of overstory tree species to regenerate successfully is important for the preservation of tree species diversity and its associated flora and fauna. This study investigated forest regeneration dynamics in the Cat Ba National Park, a biodiversity hotpot in Vietnam. Data was collected from 90 sample plots and 450 sub-sample plots in the regional limestone forests. We compared species richness between the regeneration and overstory tree layers and examined the effect of environmental factors on the occurrence of regeneration. We developed five ratios to relate overstory and regeneration richness and diversity. Results: We found 97 tree species in the regeneration layer compared to 136 species in the overstory layer. Average regeneration density was 3,764 ± 1,601 per ha. Around 70% of the overstory tree species generated offspring. Of the tree species threatened according to The International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species, only 36% were found in the regeneration layer. A principal component analysis provided evidence that the regeneration of tree species was linked to terrain factors (percentage of rock surface, slope) and soil properties (Cation exchange capacity, pH, humus content, soil moisture, soil depth). Contrary to our expectations, the prevailing light conditions (total site factor, gap fraction, openness, indirect site factor, direct site factor) had no influence on regeneration density and composition, probably due to the small gradient in light availability. Conclusion: We conclude that tree species richness in Cat Ba National Park appears to be declining at present. We suggest similar investigations in other biodiversity hotspots to learn whether the observed trend is a global phenomenon. In any case, a conservation strategy for the threatened tree species in the Cat Ba National Park needs to be developed if tree species diversity is to be maintained.

scholarly journals Tree regeneration characteristics in limestone forests of the Cat Ba National Park, Vietnam

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Vien Pham ◽  
Christian Ammer ◽  
Peter Annighöfer ◽  
Steffi Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Site Factor ◽  
Overstory Tree ◽  
Threatened Tree Species

Abstract Background The ability of overstory tree species to regenerate successfully is important for the preservation of tree species diversity and its associated flora and fauna. This study investigated forest regeneration dynamics in the Cat Ba National Park, a biodiversity hotspot in Vietnam. Data was collected from 90 sample plots (500 m2) and 450 sub-sample plots (25 m2) in regional limestone forests. We evaluated the regeneration status of tree species by developing five ratios relating overstory and regeneration richness and diversity. By examining the effect of environmental factors on these ratios, we aimed to identify the main drivers for maintaining tree species diversity or for potential diversity gaps between the regeneration and the overstory layer. Our results can help to increase the understanding of regeneration patterns in tropical forests of Southeast Asia and to develop successful conservation strategies. Results We found 97 tree species in the regeneration layer compared to 136 species in the overstory layer. The average regeneration density was 3764 ± 1601 per ha. Around 70% of the overstory tree species generated offspring. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List, only 36% of threatened tree species were found in the regeneration layer. A principal component analysis provided evidence that the regeneration of tree species was slightly negatively correlated to terrain factors (percentage of rock surface, slope) and soil properties (cation exchange capacity, pH, humus content, soil moisture, soil depth). Contrary to our expectations, traces of human impact and the prevailing light conditions (total site factor, gap fraction, openness, indirect site factor, direct site factor) had no influence on regeneration density and composition, probably due to the small gradient in light availability. Conclusion We conclude that the tree species richness in Cat Ba National Park appears to be declining at present. We suggest similar investigations in other biodiversity hotspots to learn whether the observed trend is a global phenomenon. In any case, a conservation strategy for the threatened tree species in the Cat Ba National Park needs to be developed if tree species diversity is to be maintained.

scholarly journals Forest Structure and Tree Species Diversity along an Altitudinal Gradient in Doi Inthanon National Park, Northern Thailand

Tropics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakhan TEEJUNTUK ◽  
Pongsak SAHUNALU ◽  
Katsutoshi SAKURAI ◽  
Witchaphart SUNGPALEE
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Doi Inthanon

scholarly journals Assessing Fruit Tree Species Diversity in Home Garden Agro-Forestry and Their Role Supporting Local People’s Livelihoods in Burie District, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Alebachew Abebe Alemu ◽  
Habtamu Kiros ◽  
Eba Muluneh Sorecha
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Agro Forestry

Clearing of natural ecosystems and land degradation due to unsustainable agricultural practices are becoming threats to the sustainability and productivity of agricultural systems in Burie town administrative, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. The aim of this paper is therefore to assess the fruit tree species diversity in home garden agro-forestry and their role for supporting local people’s livelihoods in Burie town administration. Cultivated plants of 72 home gardens were surveyed and critical information were collected through questioner and focus group discussion from 12 households. Fruit tree species diversity (expressed in species richness and evenness) in home gardens in the study sites was determined using the Shannon-Weiner Index. The study basically considers the human consumption fruit trees species. A total of 18 fruit tree species represented by 9-genera and 7-families were recorded in home garden agro-forestry within the three wealth status (poor, medium, and rich) of the selected respondents commonly. From all wealth categories, the highest Shannon diversity index was recorded in rich and the lowest was in poor class category. Similarly, the highest species evenness was recorded in rich wealth category. However, there was no significant difference among rich and medium wealth categories for species richness. The study also revealed that age, land hold size, education status is the cause for species diversity in addition to the wealth status in the study area. Older respondents had significantly higher species richness and diversity than youngsters. It has been also found that almost all (100%) of the sampled households harvest and use at least four types of home garden products for various purposes. Lacks of management practices were the factors which puts the species diversity in question in the study area.

Tree Species Diversity in Community Managed and National Park Forests in the Mid-Hills of Central Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 796-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Shankar Pandey ◽  
Tek Narayan Maraseni ◽  
Geoff Cockfield ◽  
Karin Gerhard
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Central Nepal

scholarly journals Assessment of tree species diversity, composition and structure of Medha Kachhapia National Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehraj Uddin ◽  
Faqrul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Diversity Assessment

Abstract. Uddin M, Chowdhury FI, Hossain MK. 2020. Assessment of tree species diversity, composition and structure of Medha Kachhapia National Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Asian J For 4: 15-21. Tree species diversity assessment is considered an essential task to design robust conservation action plans of Protected Areas (PAs). Numerous researches have assessed tree diversity of different PAs of Bangladesh but tree diversity of Medha Kachhapia National Park (MKNP) is still unknown due to lack of research initiatives. It hinders forest managers of this PA to plan and implement conservation actions successfully. To this end, the study carried out a systematic sampling to ascertain composition, distribution, and diversity of tree species available at MKNP of Bangladesh. Findings revealed that representation of tree diversity of MKNP was very poor. Only 10 tree species representing 6 families were identified. Besides, MKNP was dominated by different Dipterocarpus spp. especially with Dipterocarpus costatus. Dominance in height and diameter classes and high Important Value Index (133.94) of D. costatus indicated that the tree might possess a suitable habitat in MKNP to maintain optimum dispersal, development, and growth. However, recent plantation activities with exotic Acacia auriculiformis and intensified human-induced disturbances might hamper its habitat. Thus, to conserve the habitat of D. costatus and remaining forest resources of MKNP, reforestation efforts should be shifted from exotic to native tree species, and community anthropogenic disturbances should be minimized.

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of tree species diversity of Himchari National Park (HNP) in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saddam Hossen ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain ◽  
Md. Akhter Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Fahim Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Gmelina Arborea

Abstract. Hossen S, Hossain MK, Hossain MA, Uddin MF. 2020. Quantitative assessment of tree species diversity of Himchari National Park (HNP) in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Asian J For 5: 1-7. The aim of the study was to assess the tree species composition, dominance, and quantitative distribution of tree species of Himchari National Park, Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh through stratified random sampling method using sample plots (51) of 20 m x 20 m in size during the period of January 2017 to May 2018. A total of 961 stems (dbh ≥ 5 cm) of 88 tree species belonging to 64 genera and 37 families were enumerated where the stem density and basal area were 457.39 stem ha-1 and 10.979 m2 ha-1 respectively. On the other hand, the species diversity index, Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index, Shannon’s maximum diversity index, species evenness index, Margalef’s diversity index, and Simpson’s diversity index were 0.092, 3.733 ± 0.0071, 4.477, 0.834, 12.667 and 0.039 ± 0.0003 respectively. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was found for Acacia auriculiformis (23.23) followed by Tectona grandis (13.05), Gmelina arborea (12.66), Syzygium fruticosum (12.34), Casuarina equisetifolia (10.57), and Dipterocarpus turbinatus (10.55). The IVI value represents that Acacia auriculiformis possess highest dominance that is followed by Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea. Percentage distribution of tree individuals into different height classes found in quadrats showed that height range 3 - <8 m had the highest (59.83%) percentage of tree individuals. On the other hand, different dbh (having dbh ≥5 cm) classes showed that most of the trees (65.97%) belonged to dbh range 5 - <15 cm. The outcome of present study suggests for the protection, sustainable management, and conservation of the tree resources of HNP, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Tree Species Diversity and Population Structure in the Tropical Forests of North Central Eastern Ghats, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumpa PREMAVANI ◽  
Maradana TARAKESWARA NAIDU ◽  
Malleboyina VENKAIAH
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Eastern

The tree species diversity and population structure were studied in four stands of the tropical forests in the north-central Eastern Ghats, based on tree inventories conducted on four 1-ha plots. In the four independent plots, two 5 x 1000 m transects were established and all trees with ≥ 15 cm girth at breast height were enumerated. The density, frequency, basal area and IVI along with diversity indices viz. Shannon index, species richness, equitability and species dominance were computed to see the variation in tree community. A total of 92 species representing 73 genera under 40 families of angiosperms were recorded. Tree species richness was as low as 34 species per hectare plot in Geddapalli to as high as 48 species in Koruturu. Tree density ranged from 360 stems per hectare in plot Geddapalli to 526 stems in plot Chintapalli and that of total basal area from 16.31 m2 ha-1 in Koruturu to 31.15 m2 ha-1 in Chintapalli. The number of species and stems decreased from the smaller to the largest girth classes. The tree inventories of the study area when compared to those of the other tropical forests showed great differences in density and basal area. This may probably be due to differences in geography and annual rainfall patterns. The information on tree species structure and function can provide baseline information for conservation of the biodiversity.

scholarly journals An Estimation of Tree Species Diversity in Rural Farmland of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak K Kharal ◽  
Bishwa N Oli
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Species Biodiversity

Biodiversity is an important consideration in maintaining natural environmental balance in a particular habitat. This becomes particularly important in areas, where due to the encroachment of natural forests, biodiversity is depleting causing a potential loss in the natural habitat. In such a situation, biodiversity in the farmland becomes an important consideration. Biodiversity is measured and analyzed using various indices. In this study, we present the result of our study through a field work in a rural village in Nepal. The study was conducted through direct field observation and survey of sampled households. The status of tree biodiversity using species biodiversity index and species richness index for the case study are presented. The study has also identified the relationship between the tree species diversity and major socioeconomic factors. Our analysis shows that tree species biodiversity in the rural farmland of study area are lower in comparison to the similar areas of countries like India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The lower biodiversity status is mainly due to the wide distribution of two dominating tree species of Dalbergia sissoo and Melia azederach. Similarly, Tree species biodiversity in the farm land has been found affected by the socioeconomic situation of the area. Further study is suggested by involving more socioeconomic factors and covering a large sample size and time of study. Key words: Farmland, Forest, Homegarden, Nepal, Species Diversity, Species Richness, Trees. doi: 10.3126/banko.v18i1.2160 Banko Janakari, Vol. 18, No. 1, 3-10

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