scholarly journals Urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients at a quaternary care centre in Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon OLENSKI ◽  
Carla SCUDERI ◽  
Alex CHOO ◽  
Aneesha Kaur BHAGAT SINGH ◽  
Mandy WAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common of infections after renal transplantation. The consequences of UTIs in this population are serious, with increased morbidity and hospitalisation rates as well as acute allograft dysfunction. UTIs may impair overall graft and patient survival. We aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors for post-transplant UTIs and assess UTIs’ effect on renal function during a UTI episode and if they result in declining allograft function at 2 years post-transplant. Additionally, the causative organism, the class of antibacterial drug employed for each UTI episode and utilisation rates of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prophylaxis were also quantified. Methods This was a retrospective study of 72 renal transplant patients over a 5-year period who were managed at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital. Patient charts, pathology records and dispensing histories were reviewed as part of this study and all UTIs from 2 years post transplantation were captured. Results Of these patients, 20 (27.8%) had at least one UTI. Older age (p = 0.015), female gender (p < 0.001), hyperglycaemia (p = 0.037) and acute rejection episodes (p = 0.046) were risk factors for developing a UTI on unadjusted analysis. Female gender (OR 4.93) and age (OR 1.03) were statistically significant risk factors for a UTI on adjusted analysis. On average, there was a 14.4% (SEM 5.20) increase in serum creatinine during a UTI episode, which was statistically significant (p = 0.027), and a 9.1% (SEM 6.23) reduction in serum creatinine after the UTI episode trending toward statistical significance. (p = 0.076). Common organisms (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) accounted for 82% of UTI episodes with 70% of UTI cases requiring only a single course of antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, the antibiotic class used was either a penicillin (49%) or cephalosporin (36%) in the majority of UTIs. The use of TMP/SMX prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis did not influence the rate of UTI, with > 90% of the cohort using this treatment. Conclusions There was no significant change in serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtrate rate from baseline to 2 years post-transplant between those with and without a UTI.

112 Urinary tract infections in paediatric renal transplant recipients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Abdulsamea ◽  
William Bryant ◽  
Ben Margetts ◽  
John Booth ◽  
Stephen Marks
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Infeções do Trato Urinário numa Coorte de Transplantados Renais

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bispo ◽  
Milene Fernandes ◽  
Cristina Toscano ◽  
Teresa Marques ◽  
Domingos Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Tract Infections

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious complication following renal transplantation and its frequency is insufficiently studied in Portugal. The aim of this study was to characterize the incidence of urinary tract infections and recurrent urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective cohort observational study, obtained from clinical files of all patients who received a renal transplant at the Hospital of Santa Cruz, from January 2004 to December 2005, with a mean follow-up period of five years or until date of graft loss, death or loss of follow-up. After a descriptive analysis of the population, we used bivariate tests to identify risk factors for urinary tract infections.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 127 patients were included, with a 593 patients.year follow-up. We detected 53 patients (41.7%) presenting with at least one episode of urinary tract infection; 21 patients (16.5%) had recurrent urinary tract infection. Female gender was the only risk factor associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 7.08, RR = 2.95) and recurrent urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 4.66, RR = 2.83). Escherichia coli (51.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.5%) and Enterobacter spp (9.9%) were the<br />most frequently identified pathogens. Patients did not reveal an increased mortality or allograft loss. However, urinary tract infections were the most important cause of hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> Female gender was the only risk factor for urinary tract infections in this population. Escherichia coli was the most frequent agent isolated.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Despite preventive measures, urinary tract infections remain an important cause of morbidity and hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Urinary Tract Infections; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Kidney Transplantation; Portugal.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. S10-S11
Author(s):  
Funda Timurkavnak ◽  
Süheyla Senger ◽  
Özlem Azap ◽  
Hande Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AFTER PEDIATRIC RENAL TRANSPLANT

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (S3) ◽  
pp. S552-S552
Author(s):  
Kaan Gulleroglu ◽  
Esra Baskin ◽  
Aysun C. Yilmaz ◽  
Mahir Kirnap ◽  
Gokhan Moray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Renal Transplant ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 2985-2990 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gołębiewska ◽  
A. Dębska-Ślizień ◽  
J. Komarnicka ◽  
A. Samet ◽  
B. Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections During Early Posttransplant Period in Adult kidney Allograft Recipients

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
MD Nazrul Islam ◽  
Pradip Kumar Dutta ◽  
Mursheda Akhter ◽  
Ratan Das Gupta ◽  
MD Sahab Uddin Joardder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Acute Rejection ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Urethral Catheterization ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent the most common cause of bacterial infection in renal allograft recipients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate UTI in renal transplant recipients at earlier post transplant period (first 3 months) and isolation of causative organism. Materials & methods: We studied 31 patients (18 males and 13 females), aged 27 ± 8.8 years. UTIs occurring during the first three months were analyzed. During this period, all episodes of infection, transplant function, graft survival and patient survival were monitored. Results: Twenty two patients had suffered from different types of infection within first 3 months of transplantation, most of the infectious episodes occurred during hospital stay. Most of the infection occurred in urinary tract and most of the episodes of UTI were asymptomatic, presented with bacteriuria. Most of the isolated organisms were Gram negative E.Coli. Out of 51 episodes of bacterial infection, UTIs account for 49 episodes (96%) Patients’ age, sex and acute rejection episodes did not correlate with UTI. Patient who had prolonged urethral catheterization had suffered from significantly more number of UTI in comparison to short period of urethral catheterization (p=0.02).Similar incidence of UTI were observed in ureteric stented and non stented patients but non stented patients had suffered from significant number of urological complication (p<0.02) . Antibiotic sensitivity pattern revealed that, all isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime, ranged between, 67 to 100% and highly resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and cephradine. Conclusion : Short term renal graft function was not found to be affected by UTI occurrence. UTIs are common infectious complications in renal transplant recipients and often relapse and require hospitalization. Keyword: urinary tract infections (UTIs), renal transplantation, acute rejection episodes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.8416 JOM 2011; 12(2): 103-108

scholarly journals 2662. Methenamine Hippurate Decreases the Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections in Adult Renal Transplant Recipients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S931-S932
Author(s):  
Orlando Quintero ◽  
Yoram Puius ◽  
Vagish Hemmige
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common complication of renal transplantation. Methenamine hippurate is a non-antibiotic alternative that reduces the frequency of UTIs in selected non-transplant patients, but which is not recommended in renal insufficiency. We conducted a retrospective study to determine the efficacy of methenamine prophylaxis in our kidney transplant population, and identify subgroups for which efficacy is greatest. Methods Retrospective chart review of adult kidney transplant patients at Montefiore Medical Center who were prescribed methenamine during January 1, 2016–December 31, 2017, with extraction of clinical data in the year before and after prophylaxis. Variables included demographics, creatinine clearance and hemoglobin A1c levels at the time of prescription, incidence of UTIs as determined by standardized literature definitions, hospital admissions for infections, and antibiotic use. Results The incidence of UTIs per 1000 patient-days decreased significantly, from 9.66 (95% CI 7.53–12.40) the year before to 3.24 (95% CI 2.00–5.24) the year after (P < 0.001). The effect was significantly more pronounced in patients who were transplanted due to diabetic nephropathy, with a decreased incidence of 13.05 (95% Cl 10.00–17.02) UTIs/1000 patient-days to 2.90 (95% Cl 1.58–5.32) in diabetics (P < 0.001), vs. 5.50 (95% Cl 3.65–8.28) UTIs/1000 patient-days to 3.81 (95% Cl 1.70–8.55) in non-diabetics (P = 0.44). The number of days of antibiotics for UTIs per 1000 days also decreased significantly for all patients, from 128.58 (95% CI 94.87–174.28) the year before to 49.78 (95% CI 31.74–78.07) the year after (P = 0.001). No significant differences in efficacy were seen based on sex or renal function. Three patients with indwelling urinary catheters or who required intermittent catheterization did not appear to benefit Conclusion Methenamine prophylaxis decreases the incidence of UTIs and number of antibiotic days in adult renal transplant recipients. This effect was seen even in patients with reduced creatinine clearance. Patients with diabetes benefited the most. The small number of patients who required catheterization did not appear to benefit. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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