scholarly journals The effect of educational program based on beliefs, subjective norms and perceived behavior control on doing pap-smear test in sample of Iranian women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Khani Jeihooni ◽  
Hanieh Jormand ◽  
Pooyan Afzali Harsini
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavior Control ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Perceived Behavior Control ◽  
Belief Model

Abstract Objective Cervical cancer is considered treatable as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Pap smear test is a screening tool that plays an important role in the early detection, prevention and can prevent any early cervical cell changes from becoming cancer. This study aims to survey the effect of educational programs based on beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control on doing the pap-smear test in a sample of Iranian women. Materials and methods This experimental interventional study was performed on 300 women admitted to Fasa City, Fars Province, Iran health centers in 2018–2019. A questionnaire consisting of demographic information, knowledge, Health Belief Model, and Theory of Planned Behavior constructs were used to measure on doing of Pap smear test in women before and after 6 months’ educational intervention. Results The results revealed that 6 months after the intervention, 108 women (72%) in the experimental group and only 9 women (6%) in the control group received the Pap smear test. Conclusions The current research results revealed that education based on the combination of the health Belief model and theory of planned behavior might be promoting participation and an increasing rate of receiving Pap smear tests in women.

The effect of education based on a health belief model in women's practice with regard to the Pap smear test

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Daryani ◽  
Davoud Shojaeezadeh ◽  
Azizollah Batebi ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani Charati ◽  
Abolhassan Naghibi
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Belief Model

scholarly journals Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine intentions in the United States: the role of psychosocial health constructs and demographic factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B Berg ◽  
Linda Lin
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Approval Process ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Abstract Background On December 21, 2020, a study was conducted to investigate a range of psychosocial health constructs and demographic variables potentially associated with intentions toward accepting or forgoing the coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine. Purpose The goal of the study was to identify predictors of forgoing COVID-19 vaccination at the time of the initial rollout. Methods A cross-sectional, representative online survey of 350 U.S. residents was conducted using the online crowdsourcing site Prolific to assess vaccine intentions, health attitudes, and demographic information. Variables examined included demographic factors and health constructs corresponding to each of the elements of the health belief model (perceived severity, susceptibility, benefits, barriers, and cues to action), the theory of planned behavior (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control), attitudes toward vaccines in general, and trust in the COVID-19 vaccine approval process. Results After using hierarchical linear regression to control for demographics, the health constructs uniquely associated with the likelihood to forgo vaccination were perceived barriers, general attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine, subjective norms, and trust in the vaccine approval process. Significant demographic predictors of vaccine reluctance included being female, politically conservative, and more religious. Conclusions The current research identified three demographic factors and four health constructs uniquely associated with vaccine acceptance. These findings reveal that the constructs contained within the health belief model and theory of planned behavior can be used to predict COVID-19 vaccination intentions, and can be supplemented with an assessment of general vaccine attitudes and attitudes toward the vaccine approval process.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing in the rural areas of Indonesia: a health belief model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumarmi Sumarmi ◽  
Yu-Yun Hsu ◽  
Ya-Min Cheng ◽  
Shu-Hsin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Smear Testing

Abstract Purposes This study aimed to understand the influence of health beliefs, demographic factors, and health characteristics on the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among women in rural areas of Indonesia. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and 687 married women participated in the study. A convenience sampling was applied to recruit the participants from community health centres in a rural region in Indonesia. Self-reported data using the Health Beliefs Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test was collected to assess the health beliefs. Independent t-tests, simple logistic regressions, and a hierarchical logistic regression with 3 steps were run. Statistical significance for analysis was set at p < 0.05. Results The mean age of the participants was 42 years (SD = 8.4). Among the participants, 81% of the women had never undergone a Pap smear test, and 61% (n = 422) of the women reported a high intention of receiving a Pap smear test. Income and education Health beliefs regarding Pap smear testing were different between women who had low and high intentions to undergo Pap smear testing. Health beliefs, such as perceived benefits, severity, barriers to Pap smear testing, and health motivation for a Pap smear test were associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among rural Indonesian women. Overall, the hierarchical multiple regression with 3 steps containing demographic, health characteristics, and health belief variables accounted for 31% variance of the intention to undergo Pap smear test among the Indonesian rural women. Conclusions Low screening rates of cervical cancer and high intentions to do the screening exist among rural Indonesian women. Health beliefs significantly affect the rural women’s intention of Pap smear testing in Indonesia.

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