Women's Attitude and Beliefs about Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test by using the Health Belief Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanikkerem Emre ◽  
Selçuk Aslı Karakuş ◽  
Esmeray Nicole
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

scholarly journals The effect of educational program based on beliefs, subjective norms and perceived behavior control on doing pap-smear test in sample of Iranian women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Khani Jeihooni ◽  
Hanieh Jormand ◽  
Pooyan Afzali Harsini
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavior Control ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Perceived Behavior Control ◽  
Belief Model

Abstract Objective Cervical cancer is considered treatable as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Pap smear test is a screening tool that plays an important role in the early detection, prevention and can prevent any early cervical cell changes from becoming cancer. This study aims to survey the effect of educational programs based on beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control on doing the pap-smear test in a sample of Iranian women. Materials and methods This experimental interventional study was performed on 300 women admitted to Fasa City, Fars Province, Iran health centers in 2018–2019. A questionnaire consisting of demographic information, knowledge, Health Belief Model, and Theory of Planned Behavior constructs were used to measure on doing of Pap smear test in women before and after 6 months’ educational intervention. Results The results revealed that 6 months after the intervention, 108 women (72%) in the experimental group and only 9 women (6%) in the control group received the Pap smear test. Conclusions The current research results revealed that education based on the combination of the health Belief model and theory of planned behavior might be promoting participation and an increasing rate of receiving Pap smear tests in women.

The effect of education based on a health belief model in women's practice with regard to the Pap smear test

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Daryani ◽  
Davoud Shojaeezadeh ◽  
Azizollah Batebi ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani Charati ◽  
Abolhassan Naghibi
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Belief Model

scholarly journals Factors associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing in the rural areas of Indonesia: a health belief model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumarmi Sumarmi ◽  
Yu-Yun Hsu ◽  
Ya-Min Cheng ◽  
Shu-Hsin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Smear Testing

Abstract Purposes This study aimed to understand the influence of health beliefs, demographic factors, and health characteristics on the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among women in rural areas of Indonesia. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and 687 married women participated in the study. A convenience sampling was applied to recruit the participants from community health centres in a rural region in Indonesia. Self-reported data using the Health Beliefs Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test was collected to assess the health beliefs. Independent t-tests, simple logistic regressions, and a hierarchical logistic regression with 3 steps were run. Statistical significance for analysis was set at p < 0.05. Results The mean age of the participants was 42 years (SD = 8.4). Among the participants, 81% of the women had never undergone a Pap smear test, and 61% (n = 422) of the women reported a high intention of receiving a Pap smear test. Income and education Health beliefs regarding Pap smear testing were different between women who had low and high intentions to undergo Pap smear testing. Health beliefs, such as perceived benefits, severity, barriers to Pap smear testing, and health motivation for a Pap smear test were associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among rural Indonesian women. Overall, the hierarchical multiple regression with 3 steps containing demographic, health characteristics, and health belief variables accounted for 31% variance of the intention to undergo Pap smear test among the Indonesian rural women. Conclusions Low screening rates of cervical cancer and high intentions to do the screening exist among rural Indonesian women. Health beliefs significantly affect the rural women’s intention of Pap smear testing in Indonesia.

Awareness and health beliefs regarding cervical cancer and screenings of women living two different ethnic groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
I. Aydın Avci ◽  
M. Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Roma Women

Purpose: It is stated that the high mortality rate of cer-vical cancer worldwide can be reduced by early diag-nosis, effective observation, and treatment pro-grams. It was aimed to evaluate the correlation be-tween cervical cancer and screening and the health be-liefs of married women living in two different ethnic groups. Materials and methods: This research was con-ducted as a comparative descriptive study. 211 Roma (Gypsies) and 202 non-Roma married women included in the study. The data was obtained in the research by the introductory survey form and the "Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test Health Belief Model Scale". Per-centage, mean, t-test, chi-square tests were used in the evaluation of the data. A logistic regression analysis was used. Before the start of the research was received approval by the Ethics Committee. Results: The average age of the non-Roma women who participated in the survey was found 40.3 ± 10.5 (min: 20, max: 67). Non-Roma women were found to have received a pap-smear test at a higher rate (about 4 times more) than Roma women (p˂0.001, OR=3.723, 95%, CI 2.472, 5.607). Non-Roma women were found to have a higher pap-smear test rate (3-fold higher) than Roma women and found that the differ-ence between them was statistically significant (p˂0.001, OR=2.932, 95%, CI 1.855, 4.635). Conclusions: Roma women, a disadvantaged group, were found to hear fewer pap-smear tests, have less knowledge about the test, take fewer pap smears than non-Roma women and especially they did not have the pap-smear test because they did not know it.

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