scholarly journals Enhancing the Behaviour Change Wheel with synthesis, stakeholder involvement and decision-making: a case example using the ‘Enhancing the Quality of Psychological Interventions Delivered by Telephone’ (EQUITy) research programme

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia L. Faija ◽  
Judith Gellatly ◽  
Michael Barkham ◽  
Karina Lovell ◽  
Kelly Rushton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Change Wheel ◽  
Three Phase

Abstract Background Using frameworks such as the Behaviour Change Wheel to develop behaviour change interventions can be challenging because judgement is needed at various points in the process and it is not always clear how uncertainties can be resolved. We propose a transparent and systematic three-phase process to transition from a research evidence base to a behaviour change intervention. The three phases entail evidence synthesis, stakeholder involvement and decision-making. We present the systematic development of an intervention to enhance the quality of psychological treatment delivered by telephone, as a worked example of this process. Method In phase 1 (evidence synthesis), we propose that the capabilities (C), opportunities (O) and motivations (M) model of behaviour change (COM-B) can be used to support the synthesis of a varied corpus of empirical evidence and to identify domains to be included in a proposed behaviour change intervention. In phase 2 (stakeholder involvement), we propose that formal consensus procedures (e.g. the RAND Health/University of California-Los Angeles Appropriateness Methodology) can be used to facilitate discussions of proposed domains with stakeholder groups. In phase 3 (decision-making), we propose that behavioural scientists identify (with public/patient input) intervention functions and behaviour change techniques using the acceptability, practicability, effectiveness/cost-effectiveness, affordability, safety/side-effects and equity (APEASE) criteria. Results The COM-B model was a useful tool that allowed a multidisciplinary research team, many of whom had no prior knowledge of behavioural science, to synthesise effectively a varied corpus of evidence (phase 1: evidence synthesis). The RAND Health/University of California-Los Angeles Appropriateness Methodology provided a transparent means of involving stakeholders (patients, practitioners and key informants in the present example), a structured way in which they could identify which of 93 domains identified in phase 1 were essential for inclusion in the intervention (phase 2: stakeholder involvement). Phase 3 (decision-making) was able to draw on existing Behaviour Change Wheel resources to revisit phases 1 and 2 and facilitate agreement among behavioural scientists on the final intervention modules. Behaviour changes were required at service, practitioner, patient and community levels. Conclusion Frameworks offer a foundation for intervention development but require additional elucidation at each stage of the process. The decisions adopted in this study are designed to provide an example on how to resolve challenges while designing a behaviour change intervention. We propose a three-phase process, which represents a transparent and systematic framework for developing behaviour change interventions in any setting.

scholarly journals Digital health interventions in palliative care: a systematic meta-review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Finucane ◽  
Hannah O’Donnell ◽  
Jean Lugton ◽  
Tilly Gibson-Watt ◽  
Connie Swenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Meta Review

AbstractDigital health interventions (DHIs) have the potential to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of palliative care but heterogeneity amongst existing systematic reviews presents a challenge for evidence synthesis. This meta-review applied a structured search of ten databases from 2006 to 2020, revealing 21 relevant systematic reviews, encompassing 332 publications. Interventions delivered via videoconferencing (17%), electronic healthcare records (16%) and phone (13%) were most frequently described in studies within reviews. DHIs were typically used in palliative care for education (20%), symptom management (15%), decision-making (13%), information provision or management (13%) and communication (9%). Across all reviews, mostly positive impacts were reported on education, information sharing, decision-making, communication and costs. Impacts on quality of life and physical and psychological symptoms were inconclusive. Applying AMSTAR 2 criteria, most reviews were judged as low quality as they lacked a protocol or did not consider risk of bias, so findings need to be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals The WHO-INTEGRATE evidence to decision framework version 1.0: integrating WHO norms and values and a complexity perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. e000844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva A Rehfuess ◽  
Jan M Stratil ◽  
Inger B Scheel ◽  
Anayda Portela ◽  
Susan L Norris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Health Decision Making ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Health Decision

IntroductionEvidence-to-decision (EtD) frameworks intend to ensure that all criteria of relevance to a health decision are systematically considered. This paper, part of a series commissioned by the WHO, reports on the development of an EtD framework that is rooted in WHO norms and values, reflective of the changing global health landscape, and suitable for a range of interventions and complexity features. We also sought to assess the value of this framework to decision-makers at global and national levels, and to facilitate uptake through suggestions on how to prioritise criteria and methods to collect evidence.MethodsIn an iterative, principles-based approach, we developed the framework structure from WHO norms and values. Preliminary criteria were derived from key documents and supplemented with comprehensive subcriteria obtained through an overview of systematic reviews of criteria employed in health decision-making. We assessed to what extent the framework can accommodate features of complexity, and conducted key informant interviews among WHO guideline developers. Suggestions on methods were drawn from the literature and expert consultation.ResultsThe new WHO-INTEGRATE (INTEGRATe Evidence) framework comprises six substantive criteria—balance of health benefits and harms, human rights and sociocultural acceptability, health equity, equality and non-discrimination, societal implications, financial and economic considerations, and feasibility and health system considerations—and the meta-criterion quality of evidence. It is intended to facilitate a structured process of reflection and discussion in a problem-specific and context-specific manner from the start of a guideline development or other health decision-making process. For each criterion, the framework offers a definition, subcriteria and example questions; it also suggests relevant primary research and evidence synthesis methods and approaches to assessing quality of evidence.ConclusionThe framework is deliberately labelled version 1.0. We expect further modifications based on focus group discussions in four countries, example applications and input across concerned disciplines.

Towards a Behaviour Theory Informed and User-Centred Mobile App for Parents to Prevent Infant Falls (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipuna Cooray ◽  
Si Sun ◽  
Catherine Ho ◽  
Susan Adams ◽  
Lisa Keay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Behaviour Change Wheel ◽  
Digital Intervention

BACKGROUND Falls account for ~50% of infant injury hospitalisations and caretaker behaviour is central to preventing infant falls. Behaviour theory informed interventions for injury prevention have been suggested, but to date few have been reported. The potential of using smartphones for injury prevention intervention delivery is also under exploited. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a behaviour theory, evidence and user centered digital intervention as a mobile app for parents to prevent infant falls following agile development practices. METHODS Infant falls while feeding was selected as the fall mechanism to demonstrate the approach being taken to develop this intervention. In Phase 1, the Behaviour Change Wheel was used as a theoretical framework supported by a literature review to define intervention components which were then implemented as a mobile application. In phase 2 following the person-based approach, user testing via think aloud interviews and comprehension assessments were used to refine content and implementation of the intervention. RESULTS Target behaviours identified in Phase 1 were adequate rest for the newborns mother and safe feeding practices defined as Prepare, Position and Place. From behavioural determinants and the Behaviour Change Wheel, behavior change functions selected to achieve these target behaviours were psychological capability, social opportunity and reflective motivation. Selected Behaviour Change Techniques aligned with these functions were providing information on health consequence, using a credible source, instruction on performing each behaviour and social support. The defined intervention was implemented in a draft Android application. In phase 2, four rounds of user testing were required to achieve the pre-defined target comprehension level. Results from think aloud interviews id were used to refine intervention content and application features. Overall, results from Phase 2 revealed users found the information provided helpful. Features such as self -racking and inclusion of social and environmental aspects of falls prevention were liked by the participants. Important feedback for successful implementation of the digital intervention was also obtained from the user -testing. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to apply the Behaviour Change Wheel to develop a digital intervention for child injury prevention. This work provides a detailed example of evidence-based development of a behaviour theory informed mobile intervention for injury prevention refined using the person-based approach.

scholarly journals Development of a Theory-Based Intervention to Enhance Information Exchange during Over-The-Counter Consultations in Community Pharmacy

Pharmacy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza J Seubert ◽  
Kerry Whitelaw ◽  
Laetitia Hattingh ◽  
Margaret C Watson ◽  
Rhonda M Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Situational Cues ◽  
Behaviour Change Wheel ◽  
Exchange Behaviour

(1) Background: Community pharmacy personnel help mitigate risks of self-care by consumers who seek over-the-counter (OTC) medicines or treatment of symptoms and/or conditions. Exchange of information facilitates the OTC consultation, but pharmacy personnel often report difficulties in engaging consumers in a dialogue. The aim of this study was to describe the development of a behaviour change intervention to enhance information exchange between pharmacy personnel and consumers during OTC consultations in community pharmacies. (2) Methods: The Behaviour Change Wheel methodological framework was used to link factors that influence consumer engagement with information exchange during OTC consultations with intervention functions to change behaviour. Options generated were rationalized and the final intervention strategy was derived. (3) Results: Education, persuasion, environmental restructuring, and modelling were determined to be potential intervention functions. The intervention incorporated placing situational cues in the form of posters in the community pharmacy modelling information exchange behaviour, persuading through highlighting the benefits of exchanging information and educating about its importance. (4) Conclusions: A systematic, theoretically underpinned approach was applied to develop candidate interventions to promote information exchange in OTC consultations. The feasibility and efficacy of the intervention strategy has since been tested and will be reported elsewhere.

scholarly journals The Analysis Of 3 Phase 1 HP Induction Motor Efficiency In Under Voltage And Over Voltage Condition With PSIM Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohih Ajie Prabowo ◽  
Wakhyu Dwiono ◽  
Arif Johar Taufiq
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Core Losses ◽  
Loss Method

Three phase induction is the most common motor and is widely used in various industrial equipment because of all the advantages. To get the best performance, the quality of powersupply of induction motors needs to be maintained. One of the problems that arise in power quality is under voltage or over voltage. In this study the calculation and analysis of efficiency using the segregated loss method of 3 phase induction motors connected to stars and delta on the under voltage and over voltage conditions of the rating voltage, and at the rating voltage, the motor used is a 3 Phase 1 HP 4 pole induction motor with voltage rating of 380 volts. The method used is the segregated loss method, this method is a method to get the value of the efficiency of the induction motor by finding and separating the value of loss and loss, the method used refers to IEEE 112. Simulation using PSIM software as a hypothesis and comparison, variables taken are speed, current, inter-phase voltage and input power. Based on the results of calculations from all experiments show that the induction motor will produce better efficiency at loads approaching its capacity, and under voltage and over voltage conditions affect the efficiency value with a small difference in each change in voltage conditions. Efficiency values in all star motor voltage conditions range between 44% - 52% and in delta connection motor ranges between 39% - 42%. Simulations carried out using PSIM software produce higher efficiency than the test results with a range of values of 67% -78%, where the value is calculated from the simulation results and ignoring core losses.

scholarly journals Understanding behaviour change to promote regular dental attendance

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Jessica Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Dental Attendance ◽  
Behaviour Change Wheel ◽  
Oral Health Behaviours

Regular dental attendance is a key oral health behaviour. Behaviour change interventions are increasingly being used to promote positive oral health behaviours. A systematic approach to understanding behaviour has led to the development of frameworks which aim to guide the process of designing behaviour change interventions. One such framework is the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). This article aims to explore and identify barriers to regular dental attendance which may be targeted using behaviour change interventions based on the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Behaviour model (COM-B) and the BCW, and suggests potential behaviour change techniques which could be utilised into a behaviour change intervention with the aim to promote regular dental attendance.

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