scholarly journals Is postoperative cognitive decline after cardiac surgery associated with plasma beta amyloid 1–42 levels?

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zrinka Požgain ◽  
Grgur Dulić ◽  
Goran Kondža ◽  
Siniša Bogović ◽  
Ivan Šerić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Bypass Group ◽  
Postoperative Cognitive Decline ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Abstract Background Postoperative cognitive decline following cardiac surgery is one of the frequently reported complications affecting postoperative outcome, characterized by impairment of memory or concentration. The aetiology is considered multifactorial and the research conducted so far has presented contradictory results. The proposed mechanisms to explain the cognitive decline associated with cardiac surgery include the neurotoxic accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) proteins similar to Alzheimer's disease. The comparison of coronary artery bypass grafting procedures concerning postoperative cognitive decline and plasmatic Aβ1-42 concentrations has not yet been conducted. Methods The research was designed as a controlled clinical study of patients with coronary artery disease undergoing surgical myocardial revascularization with or without the use of a cardiopulmonary bypass machine. All patients completed a battery of neuropsychological tests and plasmatic Aβ1-42 concentrations were collected. Results The neuropsychological test results postoperatively were significantly worse in the cardiopulmonary bypass group and the patients had larger shifts in the Aβ1-42 preoperative and postoperative values than the group in which off-pump coronary artery bypass was performed. Conclusions The conducted research confirmed the earlier suspected association of plasmatic Aβ1-42 concentration to postoperative cognitive decline and the results further showed that there were less changes and lower concentrations in the off-pump coronary artery bypass group, which correlated to less neurocognitive decline. There is a lot of clinical contribution acquired by this research, not only in everyday decision making and using amyloid proteins as biomarkers, but also in the development and application of non-pharmacological and pharmacological neuroprotective strategies.

Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Stroke—Exploratory Analysis of the GOPCABE Trial and Methodological Considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (06) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zacher ◽  
Jochen Boergermann ◽  
Utz Kappert ◽  
Michael Hilker ◽  
Gloria Färber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Background Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump CABG) may reduce severe adverse events including stroke. Methods In the German Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Elderly patients trial, the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events was compared in 2,394 elderly (≥ 75 years) patients undergoing CABG with (on-pump) or without (off-pump) cardiopulmonary bypass. This exploratory post-hoc analysis investigated the impact of surgical aortic manipulation on the rate of stroke. Results There was no significant difference in the rate of stroke within 30 days after surgery between both groups (off-pump: 2.2%; on-pump: 2.7%; odds ratio [OR]: 0.83 [0.5–1.38]; p = 0.47). Within the off-pump group, different degrees of aortic manipulation did not lead to significant different stroke rates (tangential clamping: 2.3%; OR 0.86 [0.46–1.60]; clampless device: 1.8%; OR 0.67 [0.26–1.75]; no aortic manipulation: 2.4%; OR 0.88 [0.37–2.14]). An aggregate analysis including more than 10,000 patients out of the four recent major trials also yielded comparable stroke rates for on- and off-pump CABG (off-pump: 1.4%; on-pump: 1.7%; OR 0.87 [0.64–1.20]). Conclusion Within recent prospective randomized multicenter trials off-pump CABG did not result in lower stroke rates. The possible intrinsic benefit of off-pump CABG may be offset by the complexity of the operative therapy as well as the multiple pathomechanisms involved in perioperative stroke.

scholarly journals Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass in patients with severe LV dys-function. Is it really more challenging?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Sarris-Michopoulos ◽  
Evan Markell ◽  
Alejandro Macias ◽  
Michael Magarakis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Stable Field ◽  
Low Ejection Fraction

CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) has been the treatment of choice for coronary artery disease for over 50 years and is the most common cardiac surgery procedure performed. Traditionally CABG was performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and the use of cardioplegia to allow the surgeon to operate on a stable field. In the mid-1990s, interest emerged in performing CABG without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass - off pump CABG. This invited commentary focuses on sharing our experience with Low Ejection fraction off-pump CABG and why this approach could be beneficial to this patient population.

Comparison of Sleep and Mood in Patients After On-Pump and Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Hedges ◽  
Nancy S. Redeker
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Background Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgical procedures have been advocated to reduce the adverse effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the brain. Objective To examine differences in objective and subjective characteristics of sleep and mood disturbance between patients after on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods In a secondary analysis of pooled data from 2 previous studies, sleep characteristics and mood disturbance on postoperative night 2 after transfer to the cardiac surgery step-down unit were compared in patients who had on-pump and off-pump cardiac surgery. The sample included 129 coronary artery bypass patients: 48 on-pump patients from one hospital and 81 off-pump patients from another hospital. Data were obtained with wrist actigraphs. Subjective characteristics of sleep were determined by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a sleep diary; mood disturbance was evaluated by using the short form of the Profile of Mood States. Results Off-pump surgery was associated with better objective sleep continuity (decreased percentage of wake time after sleep onset and fewer awakenings) but not longer sleep duration after controlling for age and sex. The 2 groups of patients did not differ overall in subjective sleep characteristics, mood disturbance, or preoperative sleep quality. Conclusion Use of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery may improve sleep continuity during the early postoperative period. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the potential long-term benefits of this procedure during the different phases of recovery.

Routine Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass: Reasons for On-Pump Conversion

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Hirose ◽  
Atsushi Amano
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Objective To assess the feasibility of routine off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) and investigate risk factors for on-pump conversion. Methods Between July 1, 2002, and June 30, 2004, OPCAB was attempted for all patients who required isolated coronary artery bypass in our institution. The perioperative results of patients were prospectively entered into a structured database, and the results were analyzed to identify the risks of requirement for cardiopulmonary bypass. Results Off-pump coronary artery bypass was successfully performed in all but 9 patients, giving an OPCAB success rate of 97.3% (329/338). The reason for cardiopulmonary bypass was hemodynamic instability occurring during reoperative surgery in 7, and cardiogenic shock in 2. The OPCAB success rate was significantly higher in primary coronary artery bypass grafting (99.3%, 314/316) than in reoperative coronary artery bypass grafting (68.1%, 15/22; P < 0.0001), and higher in patients without cardiogenic shock (97.9%, 329/336) than in those with cardiogenic shock (0%, 0/2; P < 0.0005). Mean number of distal anastomoses performed under OPCAB was 3.5 ± 1.4. There were 2 hospital deaths (0.6%). During a mean follow-up period of 1.0 ± 0.4 years, 7 patients developed angina, which was treated with catheter intervention; there were no other cardiac events. Conclusion Routine OPCAB is feasible with acceptable short-term results. Patients undergoing reoperation or in persistent cardiogenic shock are more likely to require conversion to on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

A comparison of several variables of off-pump coronary artery bypass procedures versus myocardial revascularization utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass

Perfusion ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra L Zarro ◽  
David A Palanzo ◽  
Ralph M Montesano
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Myocardial Revascularization ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

An investigation was conducted to compare several variables of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) procedures with those using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for myocardial revascularization by two surgeons. The patients were divided into four groups: group 1 patients received CPB for their myocardial revascularization performed by surgeon A; group 2 patients received the OPCAB procedure performed by surgeon A; group 3 patients received CPB for their myocardial revascularization performed by surgeon B; and group 4 received the OPCAB procedure performed by surgeon B. The same anesthesia technique and postoperative management were employed for all patients in this study. The CPB procedures received the same perfusion circuit and conduct. Postoperative laboratory values, including hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet counts for the OPCAB groups, were higher than the CPB groups. Chest tube drainage was similar for both the OPCAB and CPB groups, but postoperative urine outputs were significantly higher in the CPB groups for both surgeons. Positive fluid balance was statistically greater in the CPB groups compared to the OPCAB groups for both surgeons. Ventilator times, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and length of hospital stay were not statistically significant for the groups in this study. Postoperative weight gain for both surgeons was higher in the CPB groups. Intraoperative packed red blood cell (PRBC) usage for surgeon B was similar for both the OPCAB and CPB groups, but the OPCAB group for surgeon A had greater intraoperative PRBC usage than the CPB group.

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