Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass in patients with severe LV dys-function. Is it really more challenging?

CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) has been the treatment of choice for coronary artery disease for over 50 years and is the most common cardiac surgery procedure performed. Traditionally CABG was performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and the use of cardioplegia to allow the surgeon to operate on a stable field. In the mid-1990s, interest emerged in performing CABG without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass - off pump CABG. This invited commentary focuses on sharing our experience with Low Ejection fraction off-pump CABG and why this approach could be beneficial to this patient population.

Stable field-emission from a CeB6 nanoneedle point electron source

A single CeB6 nanoneedle structure has been fabricated using a focused ion beam (FIB) and it shows an excellent field emission current stability as well as a single emission spot.

Switchable Electrohydrodynamic Capillary Bridges

<p>The deformation of sessile droplets and capillary bridging in a parallel-plate capacitor under DC fields has been the subject of several scientific studies. Coaxially located droplets on opposing electrodes experience an attraction in the presence of an electric field. Application of a suitably large field will lead to either the droplets forming a liquid bridge or oscillation between bridged and de-bridged (i.e. droplet) states. We explored the bridging behavior of a variety of liquids in air. Among the liquids and droplet geometries that could form a stable field-induced bridge, only a limited set could reversibly make and break the capillary bridge by switching the electric field on and off. The ability to form a switchable liquid bridge is a function of both the liquid’s properties, including surface tension, electric conductivity, and dielectric constant, and external conditions such as electrode separation, droplet volume.</p>

Switchable Electrohydrodynamic Capillary Bridges

<p>The deformation of sessile droplets and capillary bridging in a parallel-plate capacitor under DC fields has been the subject of several scientific studies. Coaxially located droplets on opposing electrodes experience an attraction in the presence of an electric field. Application of a suitably large field will lead to either the droplets forming a liquid bridge or oscillation between bridged and de-bridged (i.e. droplet) states. We explored the bridging behavior of a variety of liquids in air. Among the liquids and droplet geometries that could form a stable field-induced bridge, only a limited set could reversibly make and break the capillary bridge by switching the electric field on and off. The ability to form a switchable liquid bridge is a function of both the liquid’s properties, including surface tension, electric conductivity, and dielectric constant, and external conditions such as electrode separation, droplet volume.</p>