Integrated interpretation of pXRF data on ancient nephrite artifacts excavated from Tomb No.1 in Yuehe Town, Henan Province, China

AbstractPrevious studies of ancient jade using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) have mostly focused on mineral identification, alteration status and provenance determination. It is usually used as an auxiliary instrument for spectroscopic detection with finer resolution. However, there is no substitute for the efficiency and stability of pXRF in-situ non-destructive analysis, which is less affected by the test environment. The scale of the data from the pXRF analysis did not allow for a more in-depth interpretation of ancient jade in the past. In this study, pXRF has been carried out for a total of 112 pieces of nephrite artifacts unearthed from the Yuehe tomb No.1 in Nanyang City, Henan Province, Central China. Certain patterns become clearer as the size of the data increases. The coefficient of variation, cluster analysis and correlation analysis can be used to separate elements into different assemblages, revealing whether the elements are from the primary and impurity minerals of nephrite itself, from the burial microenvironment in the soil, or even from other specific sources. In addition, most of the secondary whitening occurring in the batch of nephrite are accompanied by an increase in Ca content, confirming the previously refuted theory of calcification. More importantly, the principal component analysis of the twin nephrite artifacts suggests visually indistinguishable elemental changes caused by secondary changes, which may lead to misjudgment of ancient nephrite provenance using elemental data.

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Integrated Interpretation of pXRF Data on Ancient Nephrite Artifacts Excavated from Tomb No.1 in Yuehe Town, Henan Province, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1053754/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dian Chen ◽

Yimin Yang ◽

Baotong Qiao ◽

Jingpu Li ◽

Wugan Luo

Keyword(s):

Principal Component ◽

Henan Province ◽

Central China ◽

Test Environment ◽

Destructive Analysis ◽

Elemental Data ◽

Integrated Interpretation ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Mineral Identification

Abstract Previous studies of ancient jade using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) have mostly focused on mineral identification, alteration status and provenance determination. It is usually used as an auxiliary instrument for spectroscopic detection with finer resolution. However, there is no substitute for the efficiency and stability of pXRF in-situ non-destructive analysis, which is less affected by the test environment. The scale of the data from the pXRF analysis did not allow for a more in-depth interpretation of ancient jade in the past. In this study, pXRF has been carried out for a total of 112 pieces of nephrite artifacts unearthed from the Yuehe tomb No.1 in Nanyang City, Henan Province, Central China. Certain patterns become clearer as the size of the data increases. The coefficient of variation, cluster analysis and correlation analysis can be used to separate elements into different assemblages, revealing whether the elements are from the primary and impurity minerals of nephrite itself, from the burial microenvironment in the soil, or even from other specific sources. In addition, most of the secondary whitening occurring in the batch of nephrite are accompanied by an increase in Ca content, confirming the previously refuted theory of calcification. More importantly, the principal component analysis of the twin nephrite artifacts suggests visually indistinguishable elemental changes caused by secondary changes, which may lead to misjudgment of ancient nephrite provenance using elemental data.

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Paternal heritage of the Han Chinese in Henan province (Central China): high diversity and evidence of in situ Neolithic expansions

Annals of Human Biology ◽

10.1080/03014460.2020.1748226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 294-299

Author(s):

Qi Lu ◽

Hui-Zhen Cheng ◽

Li Li ◽

Hong-Bin Yao ◽

Kai Ru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Han Chinese ◽

Henan Province ◽

Central China ◽

High Diversity

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Discrimination of Falsified Erectile Dysfunction Medicines by Use of an Ultra-Compact Raman Scattering Spectrometer

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9010003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Tomoko Sanada ◽

Naoko Yoshida ◽

Kazuko Kimura ◽

Hirohito Tsuboi

Keyword(s):

Raman Scattering ◽

Raman Spectra ◽

Principal Component ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Score Plot ◽

Raman Scattering Spectroscopy ◽

Standard Product ◽

Destructive Analysis ◽

Falsified Medicines ◽

Non Destructive

Substandard and falsified medicines are often reported worldwide. An accurate and rapid detection method for falsified medicines is needed to prevent human health hazards. Raman scattering spectroscopy has emerged as a non-destructive analysis method for the detection of falsified medicines. In this laboratory study, Raman spectroscopy was performed to evaluate the applicability of the ultra-compact Raman scattering spectrometer (C13560). Principal component analysis (PCA) was also performed on the Raman spectra. This study analyzed tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil (Levitra), and sildenafil (Viagra) tablets. We tested the standard product and products purchased from the internet (genuine or falsified). For Cialis and Levitra, all falsified tablets were identified by the Raman spectra and PCA score plot. For Viagra, the Raman spectra of some falsified tablets were almost comparable to the standard tablet. The PCA score plots of falsified tablets were dispersed, and some plots of falsified tablets were close to the standard tablet. In conclusion, C13560 was useful for the discrimination of falsified Cialis and Levitra tablets, whereas some falsified Viagra tablets had Raman spectra similar to that of the standard tablet. The development of detection methods that can be introduced in various settings may help prevent the spread of falsified products.

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In-situ non-destructive analysis of Etruscan gold jewels with the micro-XRF transportable spectrometer from CNA

Journal of Archaeological Science Reports ◽

10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.09.032 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 185-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Scrivano ◽

C. Ruberto ◽

B. Gómez-Tubío ◽

A. Mazzinghi ◽

I. Ortega-Feliu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Destructive Analysis ◽

Non Destructive

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Researching Protected Geosites: In Situ and Non-Destructive Analysis of Mass-Extinction Bioevents

Geoheritage ◽

10.1007/s12371-015-0170-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 351-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F. J. Martín-Peinado ◽

F. J. Rodríguez-Tovar

Keyword(s):

Mass Extinction ◽

Destructive Analysis ◽

Non Destructive

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NON-DESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF ANCIENT METAL ALLOYS BY IN SITU EDXRF TRANSPORTABLE EQUIPMENT

Radiation Physics and Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0969-806x(97)00241-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 51 (4-6) ◽

pp. 689-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G.E. Gigante ◽

R. Cesareo

Keyword(s):

Metal Alloys ◽

Destructive Analysis ◽

Non Destructive

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Disappearing ink! Unraveling the fading of a contemporary design object

Physical Sciences Reviews ◽

10.1515/psr-2018-0018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Gregory D. Smith ◽

Victor J. Chen ◽

Kurt F. Hostettler ◽

Caitlyn E. Phipps

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Raman Spectroscopy ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Modern Art ◽

Synthetic Dyes ◽

Destructive Analysis ◽

Design Objects ◽

Fading Rate ◽

Non Destructive

Abstract In 2009 the Indianapolis Museum of Art acquired Fernando Brizio’s contemporary ceramic, Painting a Fresco with Giotto #3, as part of its effort to grow a collection of modern and contemporary European design objects. The artwork comprises an unglazed white faience vase that has been pierced with 30 brightly colored felt-tip markers whose dried ink stains create a whimsical polka-dot surface. The vase immediately joined a traveling exhibition, and when it returned to the museum after nearly a year of display, many of the ink spots had faded dramatically, some having nearly vanished. Technical analysis was undertaken to (1) determine the cause of the fading and the composition of its Giotto brand Turbocolor markers, (2) to determine the future fading potential of the object, and (3) to suggest new safeguards to protect this and similar objects from future damage. Non-destructive analysis of the vase using Raman spectroscopy proved challenging due to the overall application of an acrylic varnish by the artist and the intense fluorescence of many of the marker inks. Using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry on surrogate pens acquired in 2014, the 30 markers utilized in the object were ultimately determined to contain 9 primary synthetic dyes and numerous synthetic byproducts. The inks are comprised of food colorants, which accounts for their rapid fading. In situ microfade testing showed that the vase is still extremely light sensitive and will fade further under even the most stringent lighting protocols. An artist interview provided valuable information about Brizio‘s thoughts concerning the life of these objects, his working methods, and the interpretation of the Giotto series of ceramics. The artwork has since been deaccessioned from the museum’s collection but has taken on a new role in gallery didactics focused on the materials of modern design and the ephemeral and changing nature of some artworks. This project highlights the urgency of characterizing the fading rate of potentially light sensitive modern art or directly identifying the colorants used in contemporary artworks prior to their first exhibition.

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