scholarly journals Eco-friendly analytical methods for the determination of compounds with disparate spectral overlapping: application to antiviral formulation of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira F. El-Yazbi ◽  
Nourhan E. Elashkar ◽  
Karim M. Abdel-Hay ◽  
Hytham M. Ahmed ◽  
Wael Talaat
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Ratio Spectrum ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Compensation Technique ◽  
Absorbance Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractGreen analytical chemistry is one of the newest trends in analytical chemistry nowadays targeting the concept of green laboratory practices on chemists and environment. In this text, green practices are proposed in this work for the determination of sofosbuvir (SF) and velpatasvir (VP) in their pharmaceutical formulation. The analysis of SF in a binary mixture with VP represents an analytical challenge due to the complete overlapping of the UV spectrum of SF by that of VP. Therefore, the direct absorbance and derivative measurements cannot resolve such interference and failed to determine SF. In this paper, three direct and simple methods were developed for the analysis of SF without any interference from VP without sample pre-treatment. The proposed methods include measuring the second derivative amplitude of the ratio spectrum of the mixture using VP as a divisor, measuring the absorbance difference of the mixture in NaOH solution against its HCl solution, and using the derivative compensation technique. On the other hand, VP was determined specifically in presence of SF by two methods. Firstly, by its reaction with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) where the reaction product was measured spectrophotometrically and spectrofluorometrically and secondly through the reaction of VP with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride (MBTH). The calibration curves showed good correlation coefficient (r2 > 0.999). The developed methods were highly precise with RSD% values less than 2%. The method greenness profile was compared with other published methods by applying the eco-scale protocol. Assessment results proved that our analytical procedure is greener than other reported methods. Moreover, upon comparison with other methods, the proposed methods showed better or comparable sensitivity in addition to being inexpensive and ecofriendly. Accordingly, these methods could be readily applied for quality control purposes as an eco-friendly, simple and efficient analytical tool.

scholarly journals NEW, GREEN AND MINIATURIZED ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF CEFADROXIL MONOHYDRATE IN CAPSULES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Marco ◽  
Ana Kogawa ◽  
Hérida Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Standard Sample ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Color Reagent ◽  
Routine Quality Control

Cefadroxil, an oral antimicrobial, presents few techniques optimized for the reduction of solvents and toxic residues and/or non-use of them. So, a quantitative, new and miniaturized method for determination of cefadroxil monohydrate in capsules has been developed and validated by spectrophotometric method in the visible region according to the international guidelines. The analyzes were performed using microplates containing 96 wells, 1 % of phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide 0.1 M as reagent at 552 nm. The method was (i) linear in the range of 15-115 µg mL-1, (ii) selective when comparing standard, sample, adjuvants and color reagent, (iii) precise with deviations below 4 %, (iv) accurate when comparing the proposed method with the HPLC method, (v) robusts by making small and deliberate modifications to the method, (vi) besides being fast, low cost, eco-friendly and generates minimal amount of waste. The method can be applied to the routine quality control of cefadroxil monohydrate in capsules and an effective and accessible alternative that contemplates the concepts of current and sustainable green analytical chemistry.

Green analytical chemistry in the determination of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1347-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinella Farré ◽  
Sandra Pérez ◽  
Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
M.F. Alpendurada ◽  
Damià Barceló
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry

scholarly journals GREEN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF SECNIDAZOLE IN TABLETS BY HPLC-UV

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Jéssica Lima ◽  
Ana Kogawa ◽  
Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Injection Volume ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Routine Quality Control

A simple, rapid, economic and green analytical method was validated for the determination of secnidazole in tablets. The aim was to contribute to the green analytical chemistry since it has low use of organic solvent and low production of toxic waste. For the HPLC-UV method, the mobile phase was a mixture of purified water + 0.7 % acetic acid and ethanol (78:22, v/v), flow rate was 1.3 mL min-1 on column CN Phenomenex Luna (250 x 4.60 mm, 5 μm particle size), injection volume was 20 μL with UV detection at 318 nm and retention time of 4.26 minutes. The method was linear over the concentration range of 5-100 μg mL-1 (r = 0.9998) with limits of detection and quantitation of 0.533 e 1.615 μg mL-1, respectively. The precision of the method showed RSD less than 2 %. The accuracy determined by the average recoveries was 99.58 %. The secnidazole tablets were subjected to oxidation, acid, alkaline, neutral and photolysis degradation as stress conditions and the method was considered as indicative of stability. The method is adequate and safe to be a great alternative method in routine quality control analyzes for determination and quantification of secnidazole tablets.

Chapter 9. Green Analytical Chemistry in the Determination of Organic Pollutants in the Environment

2011 ◽  
pp. 224-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Pérez ◽  
Marinella Farré ◽  
Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
Jaume Aceña ◽  
M. F. Alpendurada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Metoprolol-Hydrochlorothiazide and Propranolol-Hydrochlorothiazide in Combined Formulations by Derivative Spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Challapalli V N Prasad ◽  
Vipin Bharadwaj ◽  
Vidya Narsimhan ◽  
Rama T Chowdhary ◽  
Pyare Parimoo
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Second Derivative ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Derivative Spectra ◽  
Derivative Spectroscopy ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Compensation Technique ◽  
Second Derivative Spectra ◽  
Crossing Point

Abstract A derivative spectrophotometric procedure was established for simultaneous determination of propranolol HCI (PP) with hydrochlorothiazide (HTZ) and metoprolol tartrate (MTP) with HTZ in tablet preparations. The method uses first- and second-derivative spectra of tablet extract in 0.01 N NaOH solution. Ratios of analyte concentrations in the mixture were determined by the compensation technique. The zero-crossing point (ZCP) was also used to estimate the amounts of PP and HTZ in the formulations, and results were compared with those from the compensation technique. The results were found to be precise and free from interferences.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Assessment of Flow and Other Analytical Methods Dedicated to the Determination of Zinc in Water

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3914
Author(s):  
Paweł Kościelniak ◽  
Paweł Mateusz Nowak ◽  
Joanna Kozak ◽  
Marcin Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
High Degree

An original strategy to evaluate analytical procedures is proposed and applied to verify if the flow-based methods, generally favorable in terms of green chemistry, are competitive when their evaluation also relies on other criteria. To this end, eight methods for the determination of zinc in waters, including four flow-based ones, were compared and the Red–Green–Blue (RGB) model was exploited. This model takes into account several features related to the general quality of an analytical method, namely, its analytical efficiency, compliance with the green analytical chemistry, as well as practical and economic usefulness. Amongst the investigated methods, the best was the flow-based spectrofluorimetric one, and a negative example was that one involving a flow module, ICP ionization and MS detection, which was very good in analytical terms, but worse in relation to other aspects, which significantly limits its overall potential. Good assessments were also noted for non-flow electrochemical methods, which attract attention with a high degree of balance of features and, therefore, high versatility. The original attempt to confront several worldwide accepted analytical strategies, although to some extent subjective and with limitations, provides interesting information and indications, establishing a novel direction towards the development and evaluation of analytical methods.

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