scholarly journals A typology of lexical borrowing in Modern Standard Chinese

Lingua Sinica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Cook
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Modern Standard

scholarly journals Linguistic Temporality, Logical Meaning and Narrative Perspectives: Adverbs /zai/ and /you/ in Modern Standard Chinese

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Jens KARLSSON
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Conceptual Analogy ◽  
Semantic Encoding ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Decompositional Analysis ◽  
Modern Standard ◽  
Temporal Adverbs

In this paper is presented an inquiry into some aspects of the meaning and usage of two temporal adverbs zai (再) and you (又) in Modern Standard Chinese. A decompositional analysis of the semantic encoding of the adverbs is conducted, aiming to better explain their recorded differences in usage. First, a sketch of some of the fundamental features of linguistic temporality is provided in order to model the structure of temporal semantic information encoded in the adverbs. Non-temporal (logical) meaning such as assertion and inference is also shown to be an important aspect of the semantic content of the adverbs. Adverbs zai and you are shown to encode the same semantic content except for a difference in viewpoint; the first being prospective, the second retrospective. Concrete linguistic examples reflecting the intrinsic semantic encoding of the adverbs are raised and discussed. It is then argued that through combining the decompositional analysis with ideas concerning conceptual analogy, some issues raised by Lu and Ma (1999) regarding the usage of zai and you in past and future settings may be resolved.

Textual cohesion in modern standard Chinese

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Okurowski
Keyword(s):  
Textual Cohesion ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Modern Standard

Examining the native speakers’ understanding of communicative purposes of a written genre in modern standard Chinese

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Yunxia
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Business Writing ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Writing Practice ◽  
Modern Standard

Abstract This study aims to examine the different attitudes of the native speakers in understanding a written genre of Modern Standard Chinese—sales letters. The examination mainly focuses on the use of formulaic components as they appear in real Chinese sales letters and to compare these with the prescribed advice given in textbooks. To do this, 100 business students and 100 managers were surveyed for their views on appropriate business writing. The divergence of the views of these two groups of native speakers indicates that there is a gap between business teaching and business writing practice. The managers had a good understanding of the communicative purposes of the sales letters, while the students lacked this kind of understanding, which indicates the gap between business teaching and business writing practice.

Encoding dot-like events in Modern Standard Chinese

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Federica Cominetti ◽  
Raffaele Simone
Keyword(s):  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Modern Standard

scholarly journals Co-Varying Collexeme Analysis of Chinese Classifiers 棵 kē and 株 zhū

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-lun Lu ◽  
Aneta Dosedlová
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Modern Standard ◽  
Chinese Classifiers

The numeral classifier is a grammatical category in plenty of East Asian languages, with Modern Standard Chinese being one of the most widely reported. In Chinese, there are many classifiers that are near-synonymous, meaning that certain classifiers may be interchangeable in certain contexts. However, these classifiers are used with semantically similar nouns, and as a result, the distinction between the various usages is not always clear. In view of this issue, we propose to study near-synonymous classifiers using the co-varying collexeme method and the Euclidean distance, illustrating with 棵 kē and 株 zhū. We report results that not only partially confirm but also complement what has been found in previous raw-frequency-based research.

scholarly journals Cross-Dialectal Novel Word Learning and Borrowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junru Wu ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Mengru Han ◽  
Niels O. Schiller
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Chinese Dialects ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Novel Word Learning

The objective of this paper was to study the cognitive processes underlying cross-dialectal novel word borrowing and loanword establishment in a Standard-Chinese-to-Shanghainese (SC-SH) auditory lexical learning and borrowing experiment. To investigate these underlying cognitive processes, SC-SH bi-dialectals were compared with SC monolectals as well as bi-dialectals of SC and other Chinese dialects (OD) to investigate the influence of short-term and long-term linguistic experience. Both comprehension and production borrowings were tested. This study found that early and proficient bi-dialectism, even if it is not directly related to the recipient dialect of lexical borrowing, has a protective effect on the ability of cross-dialectal lexical borrowing in early adulthood. Bi-dialectals tend to add separate lexical representations for incidentally encountered dialectal variants, while monolectals tend to assimilate dialectal variants to standard forms. Bi-dialectals, but not monolectals, use etymologically related morphemes between the source and recipient dialects to create nonce-borrowing compounds. Dialectal variability facilitates lexical borrowing via enriching instead of increasing the short-term lexical experience of learners. The long-term bi-dialectal experience of individuals, as well as their short-term exposure to each specific loanword, may collectively shape the route of lexical evolution of co-evolving linguistic varieties.

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