scholarly journals Effects of constant and diel cyclic temperatures on the liver and intestinal phospholipid fatty acid composition in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss during seawater acclimation

BMC Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ge ◽  
Yangen Zhou ◽  
Ming Huang ◽  
Qinfeng Gao ◽  
Yunwei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Chain Length ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Cyclic Temperature ◽  
Seawater Acclimation ◽  
Growth Trial

Abstract Background Rainbow trout is an economically important fish in aquaculture and is a model species in environmental physiology. Despite earlier research on the seawater adaptability of rainbow trout at different temperature regimes, the influence on the liver and intestine in this species is still unknown. Two trials were conducted to investigate the effects of constant and diel cyclic temperatures on phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition in the liver and intestine of rainbow trout during seawater acclimation. Results At the end of growth trial 1, fish at 9 and 12.5 °C showed significantly higher ratios of unsaturated to saturated (U/S) and unsaturation index (UI) than those at 16 °C in liver and intestine phospholipids. After day 1 of seawater acclimation, the U/S, UI, and average chain length (ACL) of liver and intestinal phospholipids in fish at 16 °C significantly increased. Two weeks after seawater acclimation, the liver and intestinal PLFA composition adapted to salinity changes. In trial 2, significantly higher U/S, UI, and ACL were found in intestinal phospholipids at 13 ± 2 °C. On the first day after seawater acclimation, UI and ACL in liver phospholipids significantly increased at 13 °C, while fish at 13 ± 2 °C showed significantly decreased U/S, UI, and ACL in the intestine. At the end of growth trial 2, liver PLFA compositions were stable, whereas intestinal PLFA at 13 and 13 ± 1 °C showed significantly decreased U/S, UI, and ACL. A two-way analysis of variance and principal component analysis revealed significant effects of different constant temperatures, seawater acclimation, and their interaction on the liver and intestinal phospholipids, a significant effect of diel cyclic temperature on intestinal phospholipids, and the effects of seawater acclimation and its interaction with diel cyclic temperature on liver phospholipids. Conclusion Temperatures of 9 and 12.5 °C could elevate membrane fluidity and thickness in the liver and intestine of rainbow trout in freshwater, whereas no significant effects were found with diel temperature variations. After seawater acclimation, constant and diel cyclic temperatures significantly influenced the membrane fluidity and thickness of the liver and intestine. Compared with constant temperature, diel temperature variation (13 ± 2 °C) can enhance the adaptability of rainbow trout during seawater acclimation.

scholarly journals Effects of Constant and Diel Cyclic Temperatures on The Liver and Intestinal Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss During Seawater Acclimation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ge ◽  
Yangen Zhou ◽  
Ming Huang ◽  
Qinfeng Gao ◽  
Yunwei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Chain Length ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Cyclic Temperature ◽  
Seawater Acclimation ◽  
Growth Trial

Abstract Background: Rainbow trout is an important economic fish in aquaculture and a model species in environmental physiology. Despite of earlier research on the seawater adaptability of rainbow trout at different temperature regimes, the influence on liver and intestine in this species is still unknown. Two trials were conducted to investigate the effects of constant and diel cyclic temperatures on phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition in the liver and intestine of rainbow trout during seawater acclimation.Results: At the end of the growth trial 1, fish at 9 and 12.5°C showed significantly higher ratios of unsaturated to saturated (U/S) and unsaturation index (UI) than those at 16°C in liver and intestine phospholipids. After day 1 of seawater acclimation, the U/S, UI, and average chain length (ACL) of liver and intestine phospholipids in fish at 16°C significantly increased. Two weeks after seawater acclimation, liver and intestinal PLFA composition adapted to salinity change. In trial 2, significantly higher U/S, UI, and ACL were found in intestinal phospholipids at 13±2°C. On the first day after seawater acclimation, UI and ACL in liver phospholipids significantly increased in 13°C, while fish in 13±2°C showed significantly decreased U/S, UI, and ACL in the intestine. At the end of the growth trial 2, liver PLFA compositions were stable, whereas intestinal PLFA in 13 and 13±1°C showed significantly decreased U/S, UI, and ACL. A two-way analysis of variance and principal component analysis revealed significant effects of different constant temperatures, seawater acclimation, and their interaction on the liver and intestinal phospholipids, a significant effect of diel cyclic temperature on intestinal phospholipids, and the effects of seawater acclimation and its interaction with diel cyclic temperature on liver phospholipids.Conclusion: Temperatures of 9 and 12.5°C could elevate membrane fluidity and thickness in the liver and intestine of rainbow trout in freshwater, whereas no significant effects were found with diel temperature variations. After seawater acclimation, constant and diel cyclic temperatures significantly influenced the liver and intestine's membrane fluidity and thickness. Compared with constant temperature, diel temperature variation (13±2°C) can enhance the adaptability of rainbow trout during seawater acclimation.

Influence of starvation on the lung: effect on glucose and palmitate utilization

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Rhoades
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Glucose Incorporation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Physiologic State ◽  
Relative Utilization ◽  
Volume Pressure Curves ◽  
Palmitate Metabolism

The relative utilization of [U-14C]glucose and [1–14C]palmitate was examined in lung slices of male Long Evans hooded rats fed ad libitum and starved for 72 h. Food deprivation (72-h fast) significantly decreased [U-14C]flucose oxidation and incorporation into lung lipids. Glucose incorporation into phospholipid-fatty acid (53%) was, in proportion, more markedly reduced than into phospholipid-gluceride glycerol (33%), suggesting that glucose was being conserved for the formation of alpha-glycerol phosphate. (1–14C) palmitate utilization following fasting showed a significant 40% increase in oxidation, and a significant 16% increase in phospholipids, indicating preferential utilization of fatty acids over glucose. Phospholipid fatty acid composition, surface tension measurements and volume-pressure curves were not affected by fasting. Khe data indicate that glucose and palmitate metabolism are interrelated, and that the relative utilization of these substrates is changed to maintain essential lung lipids during an altered physiologic state.

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