scholarly journals Role of magnetic resonance imaging in pregnancy-associated obstetric and gynecological complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayathri Nagenthran ◽  
Rajeshwaran Rangasami ◽  
Anupama Chandrasekharan ◽  
Poovini Soundararajan ◽  
Usha Rani Godla
Keyword(s):  
Patient Management ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Abruptio Placenta ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background To study the role of MRI in diagnosing pregnancy-associated obstetric and gynecological complications. We prospectively studied 48 pregnant and postpartum women, aged between 20 and 45 years, who were referred for MRI between August 2016 and April 2018 with suspected pregnancy-associated obstetric and gynecological complication. MRI findings were confirmed by intra-operative or histological findings. Results Out of the 48 patients, there were 32 women with suspected placenta accreta, 5 pregnant women with 6 ectopic pregnancies (1 patient had two gestational sacs), 3 with ovarian pathologies, 3 with uterine pathologies, 3 with abruptio placenta, and 2 with miscellaneous pathologies. In our study, there was an accuracy of 81.6% with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 50%. There was 100% accuracy in predicting abruptio placenta, ovarian, uterine, and miscellaneous pathologies by MRI. There was 83.4% and 75% accuracy in predicting ectopic pregnancy and placenta accreta, respectively, by MRI. Conclusion MRI is very useful to diagnose pregnancy-associated obstetric and gynecological complications. It will be an important complementary tool to sonography and thereby facilitate better patient management.

scholarly journals Role of magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of outcome in traumatic diffuse axonal injury: A single-centre observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Suraj Thulung ◽  
Nikunj Yogi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Unfavourable Outcome ◽  
Neurological Assessment ◽  
Mri Findings

Introduction: Incidence of diffuse axonal injury has been estimated at 40-50% of hospitalizations. Recently, much interest has been directed towards the potential of newer imaging sequences of magnetic resonance imaging to investigate diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and to prognosticate the outcome. In this study, we correlated the magnetic resonance imaging grades of diffuse axonal injury with clinical outcome in terms of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Methods and Materials: A hospital based observational study was carried out at Upendra Devkota Memorial National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu in 69 patients of diffuse axonal injury between November 2017 to November 2018. Data was collected on patient and trauma characteristics, as well as neurological assessment and MRI findings. Outcome was assessed as favourable and unfavourable GOS for various MRI grades of diffuse axonal injury. Results: There were 21.74%, 42.03% and 36.23% of cases with grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury respectively. There were 0 (0%), 2 (11.8%) and 15 (88.2%) cases of MRI grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury in favourable GOS group and 15 (28.8%), 27 (51.9%) and 10 (19.2%) cases of MRI grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury in unfavourable GOS group (p=0.00). Conclusion: This study showed that there was a significantly higher chance of unfavourable outcome with increasing MRI grades of diffuse axonal injury.

Accuracy and Interobserver Reliability of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett D. Einerson ◽  
Christina E. Rodriguez ◽  
Robert M. Silver ◽  
Meghan A. Donnelly ◽  
Anne M. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Placenta Accreta Spectrum

Abstract Objective This study aims to define the accuracy, predictive value, and interobserver reliability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders. Study Design Two experienced radiologists independently interpreted the MRI studies of patients with possible PAS from two referral centers. Radiologists were blinded to sonographic and clinical information. We calculated diagnostic testing characteristics and kappa statistics of interobserver reliability for MRI findings of PAS. Results Sixty-eight MRI cases were evaluated. Confirmed PAS and severe PAS were present in 44 (65%) and 20 (29%) cases. For the diagnosis of any PAS, MRI had a sensitivity 66%, specificity 71%, positive predictive value (PPV) 81%, negative predictive value (NPV) 53%, and accuracy 68%. For the diagnosis of severe PAS (percreta), MRI had a sensitivity 85%, specificity 79%, PPV 63%, NPV 93%, and accuracy 81%. The accuracy of individual signs of PAS was lower (44–65%). Interobserver agreement was almost perfect for previa; substantial for myometrial interruptions, PAS, severe PAS, and placental bulging/balling; and moderate to slight for other signs of PAS. Conclusion Although the interobserver reliability of MRI for a diagnosis of PAS is substantial, the accuracy and predictive value are modest and lower than previously reported.

Absence of abnormal vessels in the subarachnoid space on conventional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. E15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Miller ◽  
Clifford J. Eskey ◽  
Alexander C. Mamourian
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is an uncommon condition that can be difficult to diagnose. This often results in misdiagnosis and treatment delay. Although conventional MRI plays an important role in the initial screening for the disease, the typical MRI findings may be absent. In this article, the authors present a series of 4 cases involving patients with angiographically proven spinal DAVFs who demonstrated cord T2 prolongation on conventional MRI but without abnormal subarachnoid flow voids or enhancement. These cases suggest that spinal DAVF cannot be excluded in symptomatic patients with cord edema based on conventional MRI findings alone. Dynamic Gd-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) was successful in demonstrating abnormal spinal vasculature in all 4 cases. This limited experience provides support for the role of spinal MRA in patients with abnormal cord signal and symptoms suggestive of DAVF even when typical MRI findings of a DAVF are absent.

scholarly journals Bilateral Submandibular Gland Aplasia: An Unusual Cause of Sublingual Swelling—The Role of Imaging in Patient Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srividya B Thimmappa ◽  
Abhishek Suman ◽  
Rashmi Dixit ◽  
Anju Garg
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Compensatory Hypertrophy ◽  
Radiological Evaluation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Parotid Glands

AbstractThere are very limited reports of aplasia of bilateral submandibular glands. We report the case of a 55-year-old male who presented with nontender palpable sublingual masses. On computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, bilateral submandibular gland aplasia and compensatory hypertrophy of bilateral parotid and sublingual glands were seen with herniation of hypertrophied sublingual glands through the bilateral mylohyoid muscles presenting as palpable sublingual region masses. Additional finding of bilateral accessory parotid glands was also noted. Prolapsed hypertrophied sublingual glands should be considered in patients presenting with bilateral sublingual masses to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures. We suggest radiological evaluation of such cases prior to any intervention.

scholarly journals Adnexal Masses in Pregnancy: Added Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Guiding Patient Management—Our Initial Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
Poovini Soundararajan ◽  
Anupama Chandrasekharan ◽  
Rajeswaran Rangasami ◽  
Arunan Murali ◽  
Rajoo Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
In Pregnancy

The Role of Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Anterior Cruciate and Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tears

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Vijinder Arora ◽  
Sonali Malik ◽  
Kunwarpal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the role of diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing and differentiating between complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears and to compare it with conventional MRI sequences. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective study for a period of 2 years from October 2017 to October 2019 on 30 patients with clinically suspected ACL/PCL injuries of the knee. MRI of the knee joint was performed using conventional, and DW sequences and the findings on both the sequences were assessed independently and compared with the intraoperative or follow-up MRI findings. Results: As per operative and follow-up MRI findings, the sensitivity and specificity of conventional MRI were 60% and 33.33% with a positive and negative predictive value of 47.37% and 45.45%, respectively. On the other hand, the sensitivity and specificity of DW MRI were 70.00% and 33.33% with a positive and negative predictive value of 51.22% and 52.13%, respectively. P = 0.417 was statistically not significant. Conclusion: According to our study, adding DW sequence to conventional MR sequences yielded comparable results in diagnosis and differentiation between complete and partial ACL and PCL tears.

SUNCT/SUNA and neurovascular compression: New cases and critical literature review

Cephalalgia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 1337-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Favoni ◽  
Daniela Grimaldi ◽  
Giulia Pierangeli ◽  
Pietro Cortelli ◽  
Sabina Cevoli
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Neurovascular Compression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Cranial Autonomic Symptoms ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Critical Literature

Background Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA) are primary headache syndromes. A growing body of literature has focused on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of neurovascular compression in these syndromes. Objective The objective of this article is to assess whether SUNCT is a subset of SUNA or whether the two are separate syndromes and clarify the role of neurovascular compression. Method We describe three new SUNCT cases with MRI findings of neurovascular compression and critically review published SUNCT/SUNA cases. Results We identified 222 published SUNCT/SUNA cases. Our three patients with neurovascular compression added to the 34 cases previously described (16.9%). SUNCT and SUNA share the same clinical features and therapeutic options. At present, there is no available abortive treatment for attacks. Lamotrigine was effective in 64% of patients; topiramate and gabapentin in about one-third of cases. Of the 34 cases with neurovascular compression, seven responded to drug therapies, 16 patients underwent microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve (MVD) with effectiveness in 75%. Conclusions We suggest that SUNCT and SUNA should be considered clinical phenotypes of the same syndrome. Brain MRI should always be performed with a dedicated view to exclude neurovascular compression. The high percentage of remission after MVD supports the pathogenetic role of neurovascular compression.

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