scholarly journals Can diffusion and T2 star-weighted magnetic resonance imaging aid in the diagnosis of ectopic endometrium?

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Raafat ◽  
Soha H. Talaat ◽  
Salma M. Abdelghaffar ◽  
Engy A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

Abstract Background Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder characterized by the implantation of the endometrial tissue ectopically outside the endometrial cavity. It affects about 10% of females at the childbearing period and is estimated to be present up to 20–50% in women complaining of infertility. While laparoscopy is considered the mainstay for diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recognized as a useful tool for definitive diagnosis, pre-surgical planning, and determining whether the patient will require multi-specialty involvement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of MRI with the addition of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2 star (T2*) to conventional MRI, for the accurate assessment of ectopic endometrium. Results Endometriotic lesions that showed diffusion restriction on DWI were 80.7%, and 96.1% of the endometriotic lesions had signal voids on the T2*W sequence, whereas only 65.4% of the lesions had typical signal intensities on T1WI and T2WI. Diagnostic performance of the MRI examination was improved by the use of the diffusion sequence and better improved by the T2* sequence, compared to the conventional MR protocol sensitivity (SE) = 96.12% and specificity (SP) = 85.7% in T2*-weighted images, SE = 80.7% and SP = 71.4% in DWI, and SE = 65.4% and SP = 71.4% in conventional MRI. P value for conventional MRI was 0.1, which is of no statistical significance (p < 0.05). P value for DWI was 0.016, which is statistically significant (p < 0.05). P value for T2*WI was 0.001, which is more statistically significant (p < 0.05) and could be adequately correlated with laparoscopy. Conclusion DWI and T2* significantly increase MRI diagnostic accuracy by allowing the detection of the hemorrhagic character of the endometriotic lesions. Studies with a large sample size are needed to confirm that they can replace invasive laparoscopy for the diagnosis of endometriosis.

Systematic Analysis and Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Reconstruction Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penta Anil Kumar ◽  
R. Gunasundari ◽  
R. Aarthi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Mri Reconstruction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the field of medical diagnostic imaging as it poses non-invasive acquisition and high soft-tissue contrast. However, the huge time is needed for the MRI scanning process that results in motion artifacts, degrades image quality, misinterpretation of data, and may cause uncomfortable to the patient. Thus, the main goal of MRI research is to accelerate data acquisition processing without affecting the quality of the image. Introduction: This paper presents a survey based on distinct conventional MRI reconstruction methodologies. In addition, a novel MRI reconstruction strategy is proposed based on weighted Compressive Sensing (CS), Penalty-aided minimization function, and Meta-heuristic optimization technique. Methods: An illustrative analysis is done concerning adapted methods, datasets used, execution tools, performance measures, and values of evaluation metrics. Moreover, the issues of existing methods and the research gaps considering conventional MRI reconstruction schemes are elaborated to obtain improved contribution for devising significant MRI reconstruction techniques. Results: The proposed method will reduce conventional aliasing artifacts problems, may attain lower Mean Square Error (MSE), higher Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), and Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index. Conclusion: The issues of existing methods and the research gaps considering conventional MRI reconstruction schemes are elaborated to devising an improved significant MRI reconstruction technique.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Double Inversion Recovery Sequence in Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Ahmed Samir Ghonim ◽  
Rasha Lotfy Younes ◽  
Mohamed Amin Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Fathy Dawoud
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Double Inversion Recovery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Aims: The current work aimed to assess the diagnostically value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Double Inversion Recovery (DIR) sequence in diagnosing of multiple sclerosis. Methodology: This study conducted on (42 patients) from the Diagnostic Radiology and Medical Imaging Dep. at Tanta University Hospital in the period from March 2018 to December 2019. Results: In accordance to the total lesions loads, it was found that DIR was higher significantly than T2WI (P-value= 0.003 with a relative gaining of 22%), we found that double inversion recovery (DIR) sequence was higher significantly to FLAIR regarding the number of diagnosed lesions in 3 anatomical areas (Mixed W-GM, cortical and infra-tentorial) with relative gaining of 28%, 85% and 63% respectively. A non-significant change was found among the two sequences regarding peri-ventricular white matter, deep white matter and juxta-cortical lesions detecting. Conclusion: Conventionally MRI has corner-stone roles in diagnosing, characterizing and following-up of multi-sclerosis. Finally, we concluded that DIR can be used as a addition to or even as an alternative for typical T2 and FLAIR. Therefore, we strongly recommend the addition of DIR sequences in the everyday MR protocol of MS cases.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Preoperative T Staging of Gastric Cancer (A Critical Appraisal)

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Syed Sajad Ahmad ◽  
Irfan Robbani ◽  
Sheikh Riaz Rasool ◽  
Syed Besina Yaseen ◽  
Rouf Ahmad Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
T Stage ◽  
Staging Of Gastric Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Gastric cancer accounts for many cancer-related deaths, is one of the top leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. Tumor staging and classification depends upon histological, immune histochemical tests along with the radiological imaging. In the preoperative T staging of gastric cancer, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become principal attention in recent years. Aim: Evaluating the accuracy of MRI in the preoperative T staging of gastric cancer vis-a-vis post-operative pathological staging. Methods: A total of 37 patients were initially taken in our study, out of which 13 patients were excluded as they underwent neo adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for the down staging of the tumor. The 24 patients became the sample size of our study and their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T stage was correlated with pathological T-stage. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of T1 stage by MRI was 87.5%, with 94.7% specificity and 60% sensitivity (n=24, κ -value = 0.58; P-value<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of T2 stage by MRI was 87.5%, with 88.2% specificity and 85.7% sensitivity (n=24, κ- value= 0.69; P-value<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of T3 stage by MRI was 91.7% with 93.3% specificity and 88.9% sensitivity (n=24, κ -value= 0.82; P-value<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of T4 stage by MRI was 95.8%, with 100% specificity and 75% sensitivity (n=24, κ- value= 0.80; P-value<0.05). Conclusion: Because of high accuracy and specificity in determining the depth of invasion of gastric cancer, MRI proves to be an invaluable diagnostic tool in the preoperative T staging of gastric cancer and therefore is very useful in sidestepping unnecessary surgery by supervising the selection of treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Preoperative Staging in Women with Known Breast Cancer: Comparison between Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Francesca Galati ◽  
Flaminia Marzocca ◽  
Andrea Tancredi ◽  
Emmanuel Collalunga ◽  
Carlo Catalano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Preoperative Staging ◽  
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objectives To prospectively evaluate the accuracy in tumor extent and size assessment of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in women with known breast cancer, with pathological size as the gold standard. Methods From May 2014 to April 2016, 50 patients with known breast cancer were enrolled in our prospective study. All patients underwent MRI on a 3T magnet and DBT projections. Two radiologists, with 15 and 7 years of experience in breast imaging respectively, evaluated in consensus each imaging set unaware of the final histological examination. MR and DBT sensitivity, PPV and accuracy were calculated, using histology as the gold standard. McNemar test was used to compare MR and DBT sensitivity. Correlation and regression analyses were used to evaluate MRI vs Histology, DBT vs Histology and MRI vs DBT lesions tumor size agreement to histological results. Results On histological examination 70 lesions were detected. MRI showed 100% sensitivity, 96% PPV and 96% accuracy; DBT sensitivity was 81%, PPV 92% and accuracy 77%. McNemar test p-value was 0.0003. Lesions size Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.97 for MRI vs Histology, 0.92 for DBT vs Histology, (p-value&lt;0.0001). MRI vs DBT regression coefficient was 0.83. Conclusions MRI confirmed to be the most accurate imaging technique in preoperative staging of breast cancer. However, DBT showed very good accuracy, sensitivity and tumor size assessment and could be a valid tool for preoperative staging when MRI is contraindicated.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Conventional and Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Sequences in Mesial Temporal Lobe Sclerosis Patients with Seizure

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. RD01-RD04
Author(s):  
Vishakha Mittal ◽  
Rajul Rastogi ◽  
Vijai Pratap ◽  
Satish Pathak ◽  
V.K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a new noninvasive dimension of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that provides insight into the white matter microstructure. In epilepsy, widespread DTI abnormalities have been reported in multiple studies in medical literature. In mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTLS) patients, conventional MRI may show enlargement of ipsilateral temporal horn & reduction in volume of hippocampus in later stages of disease. However, DTI has been found to be useful in demonstrating the focus of epileptiform activity in brain especially in white matter very early in disease. Since DTI is a sensitive technique to detect subtle structural abnormalities causing epilepsy, hence it can be used to plan more successful epilepsy surgery. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study on twenty patients with seizure disorder using DTI where focal organic brain lesions were ruled-out. Aim: To assess the role of DTI in patients of MLTS with seizures.Subjects and Methods:Twenty patients with seizure disorder secondary to MLTS were evaluated using conventional MRI and DTI. We compared the final diagnosis achieved by clinical parameters correlated with EEG localization.Results:Ten out of twenty patients revealed abnormality on DTI that correlated with EEG correlation without obvious abnormality on conventional MRI representing a significant impact of DTI.Conclusion: DTI can sensitively detect structural changes in MLTS with epilepsy often undetectable on conventional MRI. Hence, DTI can serve as an important radiological tool guiding in management and presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients considered as idiopathic or and refractory medication.

scholarly journals Measurement of Corpus Callosum Size Using MRI In Nepalese Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3.3) ◽  
pp. 8079-8085
Author(s):  
Suman Gnawali ◽  
◽  
Ajay Kumar Yadav ◽  
Mukunda Psd Humagain ◽  
Prakash Kayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Corpus callosum (CC) is the main fiber tract connecting the cortical and sub-cortical regions of the right, left hemispheres, and plays an essential role in the integration of information between the two hemispheres. By using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the dimensions of corpus callosum can be studied. In this cross-sectional quantitative study 80 cases of normal MRI head were selected for study over two months. T1 weighted sagittal spin-echo images with slice thickness of 6 mm, planned from an axial and coronal image were used for measuring length and thickness of corpus callosum. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS ver.20 software and shown in frequency, percentages and bar diagram. The mean Corpus callosum (CC) length was 68.06 mm in the study population (n=80). The mean thickness of Genu, Body and Splenium were 9.15,5.2 and 9.08 mm respectively and average thickness was 7.81 mm. Statistically significant differences in size of CC for various age groups in both sexes were observed. The mean length of CC was 68.06 mm and mean thickness of CC was 7.81 mm. There were variation in the size of CC with age and sex. The Pearson correlation Coefficient is 0.48829 between Age and Length of CC, its P-value is 0.0019 KEY WORD: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Corpus callosum (CC), Genu, Body, Splenium Sagittal Spin-Echo.

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