Propranolol in Experimentally Induced Stress

1981 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Taylor ◽  
Paul Turner ◽  
Jean Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
The Self ◽  
Experimental Stress ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptor ◽  
Induced Stress

SummaryThe influence of beta-adrenoceptor antagonism on the effects of a simple experimental stress was investigated in 12 healthy volunteers, using a double-blind protocol. A single oral dose of 80 mg propranolol reduced the stress-induced increase in heart rate and systolic blood pressure to 49.9 per cent and 8.3 per cent respectively compared to 61.0 per cent and 17.4 per cent with placebo. The rise in diastolic blood pressure was small and unaffected by beta-adrenoceptor blockade. The rise in temperature of the skin of the trunk was significantly reduced by propranolol. The self-rating of anxiety, alertness and concentration by the subjects was unaffected by propranolol.

Comparative β-Adrenoreceptor-Blocking Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Propranolol and Pindolol in Hypertensive Africans

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 393s-396s ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Salako ◽  
A. O. Falase ◽  
A. Fadeke Aderounmu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blocking Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
African Patients

1. The β-adrenoreceptor-blocking effects of pindolol were compared with those of propranolol and a placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial involving nine hypertensive African patients. 2. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured at rest and immediately after exercise before and at intervals up to 6 h after oral administration of the drugs. In addition, plasma pindolol and propranolol concentrations were determined at the same intervals. 3. Pindolol diminished systolic blood pressure at rest and after exercise and antagonized exercise-induced tachycardia, but had no effect on resting heart rate. Propranolol diminished systolic blood pressure predominantly after exercise and reduced both resting and exercise heart rate. Both drugs had no effect on diastolic pressure. 4. The mean plasma concentration reached a peak at 2 h for each drug and this coincided with the interval at which maximal β-adrenoreceptor-blocking effect was observed.

Analysis of beta-adrenoceptors mediating renin release produced by isoproterenol in conscious dogs

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. F387-F393
Author(s):  
N. Himori ◽  
A. Izumi ◽  
T. Ishimori
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Blocking Drug ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptors ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptor ◽  
Beta 2

Types of beta-adrenoceptors mediating renin release induced by isoproterenol were investigated in conscious dogs. The nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs propranolol, D-32, and pindolol significantly inhibited increases in heart rate and plasma renin activity and a fall of blood pressure produced by intravenous infusion of isoproterenol (10 microgram . kg-1 . 20 min-1). d-Propranolol and d-D-32 did not inhibit these three responses to isoproterenol. The selective beta 1-adrenoceptor blocking drug atenolol, at the oral dose of 6 mg/kg, which selectively suppressed isoproterenol-induced tachycardia, significantly inhibited the renin release caused by isoproterenol. By contrast, the renin release induced by isoproterenol was not modified by the selective beta 2-adrenoceptor blocking drug IPS-339 at an oral dose of 3 mg/kg, which fully and selectively antagonized the fall of blood pressure in response to isoproterenol. There was good correlation between suppression of isoproterenol-induced renin release and that of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia after various beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. These results lead to the conclusion that in conscious dogs the beta-adrenoceptors mediating release are mainly of the beta 1 type.

232 Beta-adrenoceptor subtype(s) involved in blood pressure and heart rate changes induced by dobutamine and adrenaline in healthy volunteers

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. S500
Author(s):  
R. Wenzel ◽  
Anton Daul ◽  
U. Hermes ◽  
Thomas Philipp ◽  
Otto-Erich Brodde
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptor

beta-Blockade used in precision sports: effect on pistol shooting performance

1986 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kruse ◽  
J. Ladefoged ◽  
U. Nielsen ◽  
P. E. Paulev ◽  
J. P. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Cardiovascular Variables

In a double-blind cross-over study of 33 marksmen (standard pistol, 25 m) the adrenergic beta 1-receptor blocker, metoprolol, was compared to placebo. Metoprolol obviously improved the pistol shooting performance compared with placebo. Shooting improved by 13.4% of possible improvement (i.e., 600 points minus actual points obtained) as an average (SE = 4%, 2P less than 0.002). The most skilled athletes demonstrated the clearest metoprolol improvement. We found no correlation between the shooting improvement and changes in the cardiovascular variables (i.e., changes of heart rate and systolic blood pressure) and no correlation to the estimated maximum O2 uptake. The shooting improvement is an effect of metoprolol on hand tremor. Emotional increase of heart rate and systolic blood pressure seem to be a beta 1-receptor phenomenon.

scholarly journals Norepinephrine versus phenylephrine for maintenance of blood pressure during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery - A randomized double blind controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-464
Author(s):  
Devyani Desai ◽  
Bhoomika Kalarthi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

: Currently phenylephrine is a preferred 1 line vasopressor for maintenance of blood pressure during spinal anaesthesia, may be associated with reflex bradycardia and decreased cardiac output, posing risk to mother or foetus. Norepinephrine may be an useful alternative as being potent alpha with weak beta adrenergic agonist activity. : This study compared the effectiveness of prophylactic and treatment boluses of norepinephrine and phenylephrine to maintain systolic blood pressure at or above 80% of baseline value during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery with the primary aim to compare cardiac output. Secondary aims were total doses of study drug required, neonatal outcome and perioperative complications.: Total 100, term pregnant women with ASA status II undergoing caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled in this prospective, double blind controlled study. Patients were randomized to receive prophylactic bolus dose of norepinephrine (6 µg) or phenylephrine (100 µg) immediately after spinal anaesthesia. Systolic blood pressure, cardiac output and heart rate were monitored. Intermittent bolus doses were repeated whenever required. Student ‘t’ test and chi square test were used for analysing the data. : Both the drugs were able to maintain the systolic blood pressure ≥ 80% of baseline (p=0.356). Significant difference observed in cardiac output while comparing both the groups from 3 to 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia (p=0.014). The incidence of bradycardia was lower in norepinephrine group as compared to phenylephrine group (P=0.018). : Norepinephrine is as effective as phenylephrine for maintenance of blood pressure after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery with stable heart rate and cardiac output.

Hemodynamic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Short-Term Ginkgo Biloba

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S Kalus ◽  
Alexandria A Piotrowski ◽  
Christopher R Fortier ◽  
Xinhcun Liu ◽  
Jeffrey Kluger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Time Point

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immediate and short-term hemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects of Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo). METHODS: Healthy volunteers were randomized to receive ginkgo 120 mg or placebo twice daily for 7 days in this prospective, double blind trial. After at least a 7-day washout period, subjects were crossed over to an additional 7 days of alternate therapy. Blood pressure, heart rate, and 12-lead electrocardiograms were evaluated immediately before (baseline), and at 1, 3, and 5 hours after observed ingestion of study drug on days 1 and 7 of therapy. Electrocardiographic parameters (P wave and QRS complex duration; PR, QT, and QTc intervals) were measured in lead II by a blinded investigator. RESULTS: Ginkgo had no effect on any of the evaluated electrocardiographic parameters at any time point on days 1 or 7. Additionally, no changes in heart rate or systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found between the groups at any time point on any evaluative day. CONCLUSIONS: Commonly used doses of Ginkgo biloba do not have any immediate or short-term effects on blood pressure, heart rate, or electrocardiographic variables in young, healthy volunteers.

scholarly journals Maternal haemodynamics during labour epidural analgesia with and without adrenaline

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Haidl ◽  
Christian Tronstad ◽  
Leiv Arne Rosseland ◽  
Vegard Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Labour Epidural Analgesia

Abstract Objectives Labour is one of the most painful experiences in a woman’s life. Epidural analgesia using low-concentration local anaesthetics and lipophilic opioids is the gold standard for pain relief during labour. Pregnancy in general, particularly labour, is associated with changes in maternal haemodynamic variables, such as cardiac output and heart rate, which increase and peak during uterine contractions. Adrenaline is added to labour epidural solutions to enhance efficacy by stimulating the α2-adrenoreceptor. The minimal effective concentration of adrenaline was found to be 2 μg mL−1 for postoperative analgesia. The addition of adrenaline may also produce vasoconstriction, limiting the absorption of fentanyl into the systemic circulation, thereby reducing foetal exposure. However, adrenaline may influence the haemodynamic fluctuations, possibly adding to the strain on the circulatory system. The aim of this study was to compare the haemodynamic changes after application of labour epidural analgesia with or without adrenaline 2 μg mL−1. Methods This was a secondary analysis of a single-centre, randomised double-blind trial. Forty-one nulliparous women in labour requesting epidural analgesia were randomised to receive epidural solution of bupivacaine 1 mg mL−1, fentanyl 2 μg mL−1 with or without adrenaline 2 μg mL−1. The participants were monitored using a Nexfin CC continuous non-invasive blood pressure and cardiac output monitor. The primary outcomes were changes in peak systolic blood pressure and cardiac output during uterine contraction within 30 min after epidural activation. The effect of adrenaline was tested statistically using a linear mixed-effects model of the outcome variables’ dependency on time, adrenaline, and their interaction. Results After excluding three patients due to poor data quality and two due to a malfunctioning epidural catheter, 36 patients (18 in each group) were analysed. The addition of adrenaline to the solution had no significant effect on the temporal changes in peak systolic blood pressure (p=0.26), peak cardiac output (0.84), or heart rate (p=0.91). Furthermore, no significant temporal changes in maternal haemodynamics (peak systolic blood pressure, p=0.54, peak cardiac output, p=0.59, or heart rate p=0.55) were associated with epidural analgesia during 30 min after epidural activation in both groups despite good analgesia. Conclusions The addition of 2 μg mL−1 adrenaline to the epidural solution is not likely to change maternal haemodynamics during labour.

A Rapid Method to Evaluate Cardiac Repolarization Changes: The Effect of Two Coffee Strengths on the QT Interval

Cardiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janos Molnar ◽  
John C. Somberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Qt Interval ◽  
Ventricular Repolarization ◽  
Cardiac Repolarization ◽  
Qtc Prolongation ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Time Point

Objectives: To assess the effect of coffee on ventricular repolarization as measured by an electrocardiogram. Methods: Fifty-four healthy volunteers (34 males and 20 females, age 23 ± 5 years) received 1 cup of coffee (caffeine content 120 mg) and 11 participants received 2 cups. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured prior to coffee and every hour thereafter for 5 h. A 12-lead digital Holter recorded continuously, and RR, QT, and QTc intervals were obtained every 30 min. Results: Following coffee, RR increased from 802 ± 102 to 873 ± 126 ms (p = 0.001), QT increased from 359 ± 26 to 367 ± 27 ms at 1.5 h (p = 0.047), and QTc decreased from 387 ± 21 to 381 ± 23 ms at 30 min (p = 0.001), with no changes noted at other time points. Caffeine users and caffeine-naive subjects did not differ in QTc effects (p = 0.971). Females had longer QTc at each time point than males (p = 0.037), but neither had QTc prolongation following coffee. The heart rate decreased from 73 ± 9 to 69 ± 11 bpm at 1 h (p = 0.018), and no significant changes in blood pressure were noted. The effects of 1 or 2 cups of coffee did not differ in terms of QTc (p = 0.663), heart rate (p = 0.161), diastolic (p = 0.250), or systolic blood pressure (p = 0.168). Conclusion: Neither 1 nor 2 cups of coffee increased ventricular repolarization.

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