Author(s):  
Catherine A. Cook ◽  
Colin Corbridge ◽  
Catherine A. Morgan ◽  
Andrew J. Tattersall

The DERA Centre for Human Sciences is investigating function allocation for future Naval systems with the aim of providing optimal allocation of functions within “lean” manned ships. Existing methods of allocating functions between human and machine were developed around old, “dumb” technology, the inherent assumption being that once this process had been undertaken, the outcome remained fixed. However, for future systems, knowledge-based technology provides the potential for functions to be allocated dynamically, according lo the operational context. As part of a programme to examine the potential of dynamic function allocation, a series of six experiments utilising the Multi-Attribute Task Battery (MATB) were conducted, and a brief overview of the experimental findings is reported. The main focus of this paper is to describe a new experimental environment which has been developed to address the limitations in the MATB, particularly the relevance of these tasks to Naval systems. This is an abstraction of a Naval Anti-Air Warfare Controller's task, incorporating dynamic function allocation. It will facilitate an in-depth investigation of the potential benefits of this technology for the Naval Command and Control domain.


1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Aretz ◽  
Joseph C. Hickox ◽  
Susan R. Kesler

The objective of this study was to investigate alternatives for allocating the tasks associated with defensive counter measures in a fighter cockpit environment. The three methods allocated the functions either totally to the operator or a simulated expert system and dynamically at the operator's request to either. The analysis of the objective data showed there were no significant performance differences among the three treatment conditions. However, the analysis of post treatment subjective data showed the subjects did have confidence in the simulated expert systems's ability to handle the threats (p < .01) and they had a significant preference for some form of computer assistance during the missions (p < .01).


Author(s):  
Jordan R. Hill ◽  
Barrett S. Caldwell

The authors participated in a Mars planetary science research analog that included simulated extravehicular activity (EVA) and intravehicular (IV) crewmembers with delayed communications with Earth. Within the analog context, the authors considered which information streams and sources were monitored by IV crewmembers throughout the simulated EVAs. The capabilities of IV crewmember monitoring were compared to information considered critical for the successful completion of EVA on Mars, suggesting gaps for improved human-automation function allocation. The authors’ findings support available literature that indicate that new mission architectures for planetary exploration mandate increased autonomy from Earth-based controllers. This autonomy will result in too many mission-critical data streams for the attentional capabilities of relatively small crew. Results of this work can inform further investigation into evolving concepts of mission operations that incorporate effective human-automation teaming to support dynamic function allocation for spaceflight exploration tasks.


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