Synaptic Mechanisms Involved in Cognitive Function: Cues from Mental Retardation Genes

2006 ◽  
pp. 455-468
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Synaptic Mechanisms

Animal models of mental retardation: from gene to cognitive function

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Branchi ◽  
Zoë Bichler ◽  
Joanne Berger-Sweeney ◽  
Laura Ricceri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Animal Models

Synaptic Mechanisms Involved in Cognitive Function

2006 ◽  
pp. 435-447
Author(s):  
Peter Sonderegger ◽  
Guntram Borck ◽  
Florence Molinari ◽  
Laurence Colleaux ◽  
Birgit Dreier
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Synaptic Mechanisms

Mental Retardation and ADHD!

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-351
Author(s):  
ROBERT G. VOIGT ◽  
GRAEME H. JOHNSON ◽  
FRANK R. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Effective Medication

To the Editor.— This letter cautions the general practitioner about prescribing methylphenidate to children with mental retardation, despite the reported utility in nine patients.1 Methylphenidate is understood to be an effective medication for treatment of children who have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), characterized by a developmentally inappropriate attention span, level of impulsiveness, and motor activity. For the general practitioner, ADHD typically is identified in children with normal neurodevelopment. Because children with mental retardation may have attention spans, impulse control, and activity levels inappropriate for their chronologic age, albeit appropriate for their underlying level of cognitive function, we are concerned about the general practitioner's ability to identify ADHD in children with mental retardation.

scholarly journals The Ability of Preschoolers to Use Ideas About Other’s Knowledge and the Ways of Changing It

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya.K. Smirnova ◽  
A. Makashova ◽  
M. Kharitonova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
School Age ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the problem of the ability to use ideas about other’s knowledge and the ways of changing it, the ability to de-center thinking in the process of communication in the example of understanding deception in typically developing preschoolers and preschoolers with mental retardation. The recognition of deception is considered as a cognitive function, taking into account the specific techniques of the implementation of the mental model. Empirical sample of research: 72 children of pre-school age from 5 to 6 years. Contrast samples show the specificity of the lack of social interaction tools based on the mental model. Analyzed that in a game with deceit, a child is required to use signs to anticipate events that made it known about the nascent action of another person. In children with mental retardation in a game with deceptive action, shown a situational mode of action without taking into account the model of a mental interaction partner due to the lack of ability to decentration. The data reflects the relationship between the cognitive level of development and the level of the mental model in the process of forming the basis of social cognition and social experience in the early stages of ontogenesis.

Jansky-Bielschowsky syndrome, a lysosomal disease: First diagnosed cash in Oman

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 632-633
Author(s):  
Line Buhl ◽  
David Muirhead
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽  
Infantile Form ◽  
Lysosomal Disease ◽  
Juvenile Form ◽  
Progressive Encephalopathy ◽  
Lysosomal Diseases

There are four lysosomal diseases of which the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is the rarest. The clinical presentation and their characteric abnormal ultrastructure subdivide them into four types. These are known as the Infantile form (Santavuori-Haltia), Late infantile form (Jansky-Bielschowsky), Juvenile form (Batten-Spielmeyer-Voght) and the Adult form (Kuph's).An 8 year old Omani girl presented wth myclonic jerks since the age of 4 years, with progressive encephalopathy, mental retardation, ataxia and loss of vision. An ophthalmoscopy was performed followed by rectal suction biopsies (fig. 1). A previous sibling had died of an undiagnosed neurological disorder with a similar clinical picture.

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