AbstractUltra-cold atom experiment in space with microgravity allows for realization of dilute atomic-gas Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with macroscopically large occupation number and significantly long condensate lifetime, which allows for a precise measurement on the shape oscillation frequency by calibrating itself over numerous oscillation periods. In this paper, we propose to measure the Newtonian gravitational constant via ultra-cold atom BEC with shape oscillation, although it is experimentally challenging. We also make a preliminary perspective on constraining the modified Newtonian potential such as the power-law potential, Yukawa interaction, and fat graviton. A resolution of frequency measurement of $$(1-100)\,\mathrm {nHz}$$
(
1
-
100
)
nHz
at most for the occupation number $$10^9$$
10
9
, just one order above experimentally achievable number $$N\sim 10^6{-}10^8$$
N
∼
10
6
-
10
8
, is feasible to constrain the modified Newtonian potential with Yukawa interaction greatly beyond the current exclusion limits.
Shape oscillation of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate
