The Ratios of Serum Bioactive/Immunoreactive Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Various Clinical Conditions with Increased and Decreased Gonadotropin Secretion: Reevaluation by a Highly Sensitive Immunometric Assay*

Experiments were performed to study the responsiveness of the pituitary to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) during the dynamic changes in gonadotropin secretion associated with the estrogen-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in the ovariectomized (OVX) rhesus monkey. Silastic capsules filled with estradiol-17-β were implanted subcutaneously in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys, resulting in an initial lowering of circulating LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations followed by an LH–FSH surge. GnRH was injected intravenously just before estrogen implantation, during the negative feedback response and during the rising, the peak, and the declining phases of the LH surge. The LH and FSH responses during the negative feedback phase were as large as those before estrogen treatment (control responses). During the rising phase of the LH surge, the acute response to GnRH injection did not differ significantly from the control response, but the responses 60 and 120 min after injection were somewhat increased. During the declining phase of the LH surge, the pituitary was not responsive to exogenous GnRH, although LH probably continued to be secreted at this time since the LH surge decreased more slowly than predicted by the normal rate of disappearance of LH in the monkey. We conclude that an increased duration of response to GnRH may be an important part of the mechanism by which estrogen induces the LH surge, but we do not see evidence of increased sensitivity of the pituitary to GnRH as an acute releasing factor at that time.Key words: LH surge, GnRH, FSH, ovariectomized monkey.

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Control of Gonadotropin Secretion by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-Releasing Factor, Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone, and Leptin

Archives of Medical Research ◽

10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00343-5 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 476-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Samuel M McCann ◽

Sarantha Karanth ◽

Claudio A Mastronardi ◽

W.Les Dees ◽

Gwen Childs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

Gonadotropin Secretion ◽

Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Stimulating Hormone

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The Effect of Unkei-to on Pituitary Gonadotropin Secretion and Ovulation in Anovulatory Cycles of Young Women

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x95000274 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 23 (03n04) ◽

pp. 223-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Takahisa Ushiroyama ◽

Shogo Tsubokura ◽

Atsushi Ikeda ◽

Minoru Ueki

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

First Grade ◽

Estradiol Level ◽

Second Grade ◽

Gonadotropin Secretion ◽

Pulsatile Secretion ◽

Plasma Estradiol ◽

Stimulating Hormone

Unkei-to (TJ-106) induced significant increases of plasma follicle stimulating hormone level in the first grade ( P < 0.05), second grade amenorrhea without weight loss ( P < 0.05), and weight loss related to second grade amenorrhea (P < 0.01) in eight weeks of treatment, respectively. Plasma estradiol level significantly increased 1.8 times in 4 week treatment with Unkei-to in first grade amenorrhea ( P < 0.01). In second grade amenorrhea without weight loss and weight loss related second grade amenorrhea, plasma estradiol level significantly increased 2.9 times ( P < 0.01) and 1.7 times ( P < 0.05) in 8 weeks treatment, respectively. On the other hand, the patterns of pulsatile secretion of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone remarkably improved by the treatment with Unkei-to. In the patients with second grade amenorrhea, follicles stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone pulses appeared in 3 out of 13 (23.1%) and 6 out of 13 (46.2%) with the treatment of Unkei-to, respectively in 85% of whom no pulses has been observed before the treatment. Ovulation occurred in 62.2% (23/37), 26.6% (4/15), and 21.7% (5/23) of the patients with first grade, second grade amenorrhea without weight loss, and weight loss related second grade amenorrhea by the treatment with Unkei-to, respectively. These results indicate that Unkei-to is effective on improvement of gonadotropin pulsatile secretion in the treatment of anovulatory women. This suggests that Unkei-to may enhance the pituitary response to Gn-RH or improvement of the pulsatile secretion of Gn-RH, inducing normalization of diencephalon-pituitary-ovarian endocrine system in the anovulatory patients.

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Correlation of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor-Induced Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Release from Infancy to 19 Years with the Changing Pattern of Gonadotropin Secretion in Agonadal Patients: Relation to the Restraint of Puberty *

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem-50-1-163 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 163-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

F. A. CONTE ◽

M.M GRUMBACH ◽

S.L. KAPLAN ◽

E.O REITER

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

Hormone Release ◽

Gonadotropin Secretion ◽

Stimulating Hormone

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Opioidergic control of gonadotropin secretion in the female rabbit: divergent effects of morphine on secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y89-240 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (12) ◽

pp. 1486-1492

Author(s):

E. V. YoungLai ◽

A. Byrne

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Opioid Peptides ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

Pulse Amplitude ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Endogenous Opioid Peptides ◽

Endogenous Opioid ◽

Gonadotropin Secretion ◽

Stimulating Hormone

The nature of secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was followed in female rabbits on a daily basis from age 36 to 60 days by sequential 5-min blood sampling over 1- to 2-h periods each day. Both LH and FSH were found to be secreted in a pulsatile manner. The mean LH pulse amplitude over the 25 days was 0.95 ± 0.32 ng/mL and for FSH it was 10.15 ± 1.11 ng/mL. Mean plasma LH levels were significantly increased from 1.46 ± 0.08 ng/mL in 36 to 42-day-old rabbits to 1.89 ± 0.12 ng/mL in 43 to 50-day-old rabbits and remained elevated from 50 to 60 days. FSH levels during the same periods also rose significantly from 14.93 ± 0.79 to 19.57 ± 2.05 ng/mL. To examine the influence of endogenous opioid peptides on the release of LH and FSH in 36 to 60-day-old female rabbits, morphine sulfate at 0.2, 0.5, 2.0, and 5.0 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously after 30 min baseline sampling, and blood was taken for another 60–120 min. Morphine at all doses and at all ages inhibited the amplitude and frequency of LH pulses but had no effect on FSH secretion. To determine whether the effects of morphine on LH secretion could be reversed with naloxone, females aged 82–114 days were used. Naloxone administered 1 h after morphine reversed the inhibitory effects of morphine, whereas the simultaneous administration of naloxone with morphine had variable effects but seemed to delay the LH increase. These data suggest that endogenous opioid peptides may have an acute inhibitory effect on the secretion of LH but not FSH.Key words: rabbit, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, morphine, naloxone.

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