scholarly journals Drosophila small ovary gene is required for transposon silencing and heterochromatin organization, and ensures germline stem cell maintenance and differentiation

Development ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (23) ◽  
pp. dev170639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Jankovics ◽  
Melinda Bence ◽  
Rita Sinka ◽  
Anikó Faragó ◽  
László Bodai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Transposon Silencing ◽  
Small Ovary ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals PIWI Proteins and PIWI-Interacting RNA: Emerging Roles in Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Neng Han ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Sheng-Qiang Xia ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Jun-Hua Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Genome Rearrangement ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Mobility Control ◽  
P Element ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Male Germline ◽  
Transposon Silencing ◽  
Cell Maintenance

P-Element induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and interact with PIWI proteins. piRNAs were primarily described in the germline, but emerging evidence revealed that piRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner among multiple human somatic tissue types as well and play important roles in transposon silencing, epigenetic regulation, gene and protein regulation, genome rearrangement, spermatogenesis and germ stem-cell maintenance. PIWI proteins were first discovered in Drosophila and they play roles in spermatogenesis, germline stem-cell maintenance, self-renewal, retrotransposons silencing and the male germline mobility control. A growing number of studies have demonstrated that several piRNA and PIWI proteins are aberrantly expressed in various kinds of cancers and may probably serve as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, their specific mechanisms and functions need further investigation. In this review, we discuss about the biogenesis, functions and the emerging role of piRNAs and PIWI proteins in cancer, providing novel insights into the possible applications of piRNAs and PIWI proteins in cancer diagnosis and clinical treatment.

scholarly journals The actin-binding protein profilin is required for germline stem cell maintenance and germ cell enclosure by somatic cyst cells

Development ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Shields ◽  
A. C. Spence ◽  
Y. M. Yamashita ◽  
E. L. Davies ◽  
M. T. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Actin Binding Protein ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Cyst Cells ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals RNAi-based screens uncover a potential new role for the orphan neuropeptide receptor Moody in Drosophila female germline stem cell maintenance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243756
Author(s):  
Tianlu Ma ◽  
Shinya Matsuoka ◽  
Daniela Drummond-Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Female Germline ◽  
Cell Maintenance

Reproduction is highly sensitive to changes in physiology and the external environment. Neuropeptides are evolutionarily conserved signaling molecules that regulate multiple physiological processes. However, the potential reproductive roles of many neuropeptide signaling pathways remain underexplored. Here, we describe the results of RNAi-based screens in Drosophila melanogaster to identify neuropeptides/neuropeptide receptors with potential roles in oogenesis. The screen read-outs were either the number of eggs laid per female per day over time or fluorescence microscopy analysis of dissected ovaries. We found that the orphan neuropeptide receptor encoded by moody (homologous to mammalian melatonin receptors) is likely required in somatic cells for normal egg production and proper germline stem cell maintenance. However, the egg laying screens had low signal-to-noise ratio and did not lead to the identification of additional candidates. Thus, although egg count assays might be useful for large-scale screens to identify oogenesis regulators that result in dramatic changes in oogenesis, more labor-intensive microscopy-based screen are better applicable for identifying new physiological regulators of oogenesis with more subtle phenotypes.

scholarly journals Insulin-independent role of adiponectin receptor signaling in Drosophila germline stem cell maintenance

2015 ◽  
Vol 399 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin M. Laws ◽  
Leesa L. Sampson ◽  
Daniela Drummond-Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Adiponectin Receptor ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals Dual functions of Macpiwi1 in transposon silencing and stem cell maintenance in the flatwormMacrostomum lignano

RNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1885-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Giorgia Battistoni ◽  
Osama El Demerdash ◽  
James Gurtowski ◽  
Julia Wunderer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Transposon Silencing ◽  
Dual Functions ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals Histone H3K9 Trimethylase Eggless Controls Germline Stem Cell Maintenance and Differentiation

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e1002426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxi Wang ◽  
Lei Pan ◽  
Su Wang ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
William McDowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Cell Maintenance
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