Extracellular Fluid Volume Changes in Carcinus Maenas during Acclimation to Low and High Environmental Salinities

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
R. R. HARRIS ◽  
M. B. ANDREWS
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Marker Distribution ◽  
Water Contents

Changes in extracellular fluid (ECF) volume of Carcinus maenas (L.) were studied in vivo during acclimation to low and high environmental salinities. Initial investigations showed that there was a rapid equilibration into this compartment of the ECF markers used ([3H]inulin and [14C]hydroxymethyl inulin). Earlier reports of a relatively slow marker distribution, indicated from clearance curves, can be explained by high clearance rates occurring when frequent blood sampling was carried out. After transfer of the crabs to media hyposmotic to the haemolymph, ECF volumes decreased transiently to 74.8% of the initial volume, but within 40 h in 26% sea water original volumes were restored. Calculation of intracellular water contents suggests that a volume limitation phase precedes the regulatory return to the original volume. In hyperosmotic media, the ECF volumes increased significantly (to a maximum of 143%) but, in contrast to the response in hyposmotic conditions, showed only a partial return to the original volumes.

scholarly journals Acute extracellular fluid volume changes increase ileocolonic resistance to saline flow in anesthetized dogs

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 999-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Santiago Jr. ◽  
F. de-A.A. Gondim ◽  
D.I.M. Cavalcante ◽  
J.R.V. da-Graça ◽  
G.R. de-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

Application of the sodium dilution principle to calculate extracellular fluid volume changes in horses during dehydration and rehydration

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1506-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Langdon Fielding ◽  
K. Gary Magdesian ◽  
Gary P. Carlson ◽  
Diane M. Rhodes ◽  
Rebecca E. Ruby
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Volume Changes

Sodium uptake from the gut of freshwater- and seawater-acclimated ducks and gulls

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Hughes ◽  
J. R. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Salt Glands ◽  
Gut Epithelium ◽  
Seawater Acclimation ◽  
Na Uptake

The first possible regulator of plasma sodium ([Na]pl) and chloride ([Cl]pl) concentrations is the gut epithelium. Its in vivo role in uptake of ingested salt in birds with salt glands has not been evaluated. In the present study the anterior gut 22Na uptake rate was measured in freshwater-acclimated ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and gulls (Larus glaucescens) and was then measured in the same birds after acclimation to 2/3 seawater. The 22Na was given orally in 7–10 mL of 171 mM NaCl. In ducks, seawater acclimation increased [Na]pl and [Cl]pl but not Na space; in gulls seawater acclimation increased Na space, but not plasma ion concentration. The rate of gut 22Na uptake was the same in ducks and gulls and was not affected by seawater acclimation in either species. As determined from the 22Na distribution between erythrocytes and plasma 3 h after i.v. 22NaCl injection, duck erythrocytes sequestered more (9.3% ± 0.4%) of the load than did gull erythrocytes (6.9% ± 0.3%) (P < 0.001). Although gulls are better hyperosmotic regulators than ducks, there was no difference between the two species in the entry of sodium into the extracellular fluid volume from the gut. Immediately after oral gut loading with dilute saline, freshwater-acclimated gull [Cl]pl, increased more (2P < 0.001) than could be accounted for by equilibration of the administered Cl within the extracellular fluid volume. After gut loading, the increase in [Cl]pl, of freshwater-acclimated ducks was less rapid and could be accounted for by extracellular distribution of the oral Cl load. In seawater-acclimated gulls, [Cl]pl decreased following gut loading, but was unchanged in seawater-acclimated ducks.

Extracellular fluid volume and the initiation of salt gland secretion in ducks and gulls

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryanne R. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Salt Gland ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Salt Gland Secretion

The effect of intraperitoneal NaCl loading on extracellular fluid volume, plasma concentration, and initiation of salt gland secretion was measured in freshwater- and sea water-acclimated Glaucous-winged Gulls, Larus glaucescens, and Mallards, Anas platyrhynchos. In both species salt loading was associated with a significant increase in plasma [Na] and [Cl]. In freshwater- and sea water-acclimated gulls the extracellular fluid volume increased and salt gland secretion occurred; in freshwater- and seawater-acclimated ducks the extracellular fluid volume decreased and salt gland secretion did not occur.

Application of the sodium dilution principle to calculate extracellular fluid volume changes in horses during dehydration and rehydration

2008 ◽  
Vol 233 (9) ◽  
pp. 1452-1452
Author(s):  
C. Langdon Fielding ◽  
K. Gary Magdesian ◽  
Gary P. Carlson ◽  
Diane M. Rhodes ◽  
Rebecca E. Ruby
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Volume Changes

Effects of extracellular fluid volume changes on renal response to low-dose dopamine infusion in normal women

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Agnoli ◽  
M. Cacciari ◽  
C. Garutti ◽  
E. Ikonomu ◽  
P. Lenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Dopamine Infusion ◽  
Renal Response ◽  
Normal Women

scholarly journals Comparative Roles of the Renal Apical Sodium Transport Systems in Blood Pressure Control

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. S135-S139
Author(s):  
PIERRE MENETON
Keyword(s):  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Fluid Homeostasis ◽  
Low Salt

Abstract.Human genetic studies suggest that the genes encoding renal apical Na+transport proteins play an essential role in the control of extracellular fluid volume and BP. Mice with mutations in each of these genes provide the unique opportunity to directly assess their respective involvement in fluid homeostasis and BP controlin vivo. Inactivation of either the epithelial Na+channel (ENaC) or the Na+-Cl-cotransporter decreases BP to the same extent in mice fed a low-salt diet, despite a more pronounced perturbation of fluid homeostasis in ENaC-deficient mice. In contrast, inactivation of Na+/H+exchanger 3 (NHE3) or the Na+-K+-2Cl-contransporter reduces BP with a normal-salt diet and renders mice unable to survive with a low-salt diet. Therefore, the general conception that ENaC in the collecting duct is the main renal controller of Na+balance and extracellular fluid volume should be tempered. For example, NHE3 in the proximal convoluted tubule seems to play a more substantial role in the control of fluid homeostasis. The overall effect of NHE3 inacthvation on BP may also involve absorptive defects in the intestine and colon, where the exchanger normally reabsorbs significant amounts of Na+and water.

Body compostion in vivo. VIII. Some physiological implications with respect to extracellular fluid volume arising from the distribution of thiocyanate in sheep

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Panaretto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Fluid Volume

The distribution of [35S]-thiocyanate in sheep was studied. The specific activity in rumen fluid during the first 4 hr after injection was markedly less than in serum, and equilibration between rumen fluid and blood was not reached until 20–30 hr after injection. There were large urinary losses of the marker and approximately 50% of the dose was lost in 24 hr. Activity in rumen fluid and urine was due to [35S]-thiocyanate. The thiocyanate spaces, allowing for urinary losses, during the first 4 hr after injection were 25 –30% body weight, increasing to 35–40% body weight at 20–30 hr after injection. The physiological implications of the results with respect to measuring extracellular fluid volume in sheep are discussed.

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