Biomechanical Compatibility of Cruciate Ligament Prostheses

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
P H Cooke ◽  
A E Goodship
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Biomechanical Compatibility

An experiment was performed to determine the effects of stiffness of cruciate ligament prostheses upon joint function and degeneration. Twenty four sheep were allocated into four groups. One group had the ligament excised with no replacement and subsequent groups underwent substitution procedures with either a stiff, matched, or lax prosthesis. After six months the animals with a stiff or matched prosthesis were significantly less lame than those with a lax prosthesis or no prosthesis. However, at post mortem examination the animals with a stiff prosthesis or no prosthesis showed significantly more widespread cartilage damage than the matched or lax groups. The results indicate that either a stiff or matched prosthesis may restore functional activity, but that the stiff prosthesis may predispose to increased degenerative changes.

scholarly journals Arthroscopic Articular Cartilage Scores of the Canine Stifle Joint with Naturally Occurring Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Agnello ◽  
Kei Hayashi ◽  
Dorothy Cimino Brown
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Meniscal Tear ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Medial Meniscal Tear ◽  
Severity Scores

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate frequency, location and severity of cartilage pathology in dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease. Study Design Stifle arthroscopic video recordings (n = 120) were reviewed. A modified Outerbridge classification system (MOCS) (0–4) was used to score cartilage at 10 locations in the femorotibial (medial and lateral femoral condyles and tibial plateaus) and patellofemoral compartments (proximal, middle and distal locations of the patella and femoral trochlear groove) of the stifle joint. Synovial pathology was scored and the presence of a medial meniscal tear was recorded. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate association of location and synovitis with cartilage score; and presence of meniscal tear with cartilage and synovitis scores. Bonferroni correction was utilized and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Cartilage pathology and synovitis were identified in all joints. Overall cartilage severity scores were low (median MOCS 1). The median MOCS of the proximal trochlear groove (2) was significantly higher than all other locations evaluated. Higher synovitis scores were significantly associated with higher cartilage severity scores and a medial meniscal tear had no association with cartilage severity scores or synovitis. Conclusion Arthroscopic articular cartilage lesions are common in dogs with CCL disease at the time of surgical intervention, although the severity of cartilage damage is mild. The proximal trochlear groove of the femur had the most severe cartilage score in the stifle joint.

scholarly journals Post-mortem Examination of Genital Organs from Sows with Reproductive Disturbances in a Sow-pool

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
A.-M. Dalin ◽  
K. Gidlund ◽  
L. Eliasson-Selling
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination

The Result of a Post-Mortem Examination on a Hydrocephalic Idiot (Congenital)

1874 ◽  
Vol 20 (90) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
William T. Benham
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Mental Power

Mary M., æt 14, was admitted into the Bristol Asylum July 15th, 1862. She is described in the case book as having a hydrocephalic cranium, measuring “24 inches in circumference, and 14 inches over vertex.” Trunk shortened and thickened; legs doubled up on the thighs, which were again slightly flexed on the abdomen. Quite unable to walk or stand, but could sit comfortably in a low chair. She possessed considerable intelligence; knew the name of the place from whence she came, and answered simple questions in a lively manner Had her bodily health and education have been well attended to, it is probable that she would have possessed a fair amount of mental power. She was dirty in her habits, but of a tractable disposition, and good tempered. During the year following her admission attempts were made to teach her to read, but without success; she, however, soon learnt to be cleanly in her person and habits.

scholarly journals Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Skeletally Immature Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua L. Hudgens ◽  
Diane L. Dahm
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Skeletally Immature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Skeletally Immature Patient

The incidence of ACL tears is rising in the pediatric and adolescent populations as these individuals succumb to traumatic and nontraumatic athletic injuries. Management of this condition in the skeletally immature patient poses a challenge and is controversial. Operative reconstruction carries the concern for damage to the physis with resultant limb length inequality and angular joint deformity but provides stability to the knee and allows return of function in most patients. On the other hand, nonoperative treatment has been shown to carry an increased risk of meniscal and articular cartilage damage and is difficult from a compliance standpoint in this demographic. For the majority of skeletally immature patients, operative treatment is recommended as it has shown good clinical and functional results with minimal risk of growth disturbance. This paper aims to address the natural course of ACL injuries in the skeletally immature patient, treatment options with associated complications, and current preventative strategies.

scholarly journals Ileal hypertrophy and associated true diverticulum as a cause of colic in a horse

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold T. Mahne ◽  
Driene Janse van Rensburg ◽  
Michael Hewetson
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Small Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Mesenteric Side ◽  
Small Intestinal

A 4-year-old Thoroughbred gelding underwent an explorative celiotomy for a suspected small intestinal obstruction. During surgery, an impacted diverticulum of the ileum was suspected, necessitating a jejunocaecostomy. The owner opted for euthanasia. On post-mortem examination and histopathology, a true diverticulum on the mesenteric side of the ileum, with ileal hypertrophy, was diagnosed.

4 Use of topical haemostatic dressings in an extended field care model of external haemorrhage

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 225.1-225
Author(s):  
J Barratt ◽  
M Welch ◽  
C Wright
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Standard Field ◽  
Single Animal ◽  
The Future ◽  
Extended Field

IntroductionThe use of Celox gauze has been established in military practice as an adjunct in the treatment of external haemorrhage. The future character of conflict means that casualties may take longer to reach definitive care. The aim of this study was to test whether Celox Rapid, a topical haemostatic dressing, would maintain haemostasis during extended use in a junctional haemorrhage model.MethodsAn anaesthetised swine underwent simultaneous bilateral femoral arteriotomies; after 30 s of free bleeding Celox Rapid gauze was applied to the wound and pressure was maintained for 1 min. Following inspection for re-bleeding the Celox gauze was covered with standard field dressings and checked for re-bleeding every hour until the 6 hours had elapsed or the animal deceased.ResultsThere was no evidence of re-bleeding at any point up to and including 6 hours. The animal was declared deceased shortly afterwards. Celox Rapid gauze maintained haemostasis in extended use in this limited single animal model. Post mortem examination revealed a stable clot at the site of the arteriotomy with no evidence of re-bleeding.ConclusionCelox Rapid was effective at achieving initial homeostasis and preventing re-bleeding in this limited study using a single anaesthetised swine. Its potential for use in situations where evacuation and definitive care may be delayed should be explored.

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