Erratum to :  Effect of Temperature on Particle Size Change of Coal in Coal Liquefaction with Donor Solvent

In order to clarify the origin and behavior of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in a tidal river, variation of SPM in a tidal river was investigated with regard to its size and constituents. SPM was separated into three groups according to size. Change of contents of titanium and organic substances of each group of SPM was examined. SPM which was discharged by run-off was transported with decomposition and sedimentation in a tidal river. Concentration of SPM with a particle size greater than 0.45 μm increased due to resuspension in a tidal river. Origin of SPM with a size of less than 0.45 μm at upstream areas was from natural soil and most of such SPM which had been transported settled near a river mouth. It was determined from examination of the CN ratio and the ratio of the number of attached bacteria to free bacteria that SPM with a size greater than 1.0 μm at upstream areas was decomposing intensively. At the downstream areas, SPM with a size of less than 0.45 μm came from the sea. SPM with particle size greater than 1.0 μm consisted of plankton and substances which were decomposed sufficiently while flowing.

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Effect of temperature, time and particle size of Ti precursor on hydrothermal synthesis of barium titanate

Materials Science and Engineering B ◽

10.1016/j.mseb.2008.06.018 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 152 (1-3) ◽

pp. 60-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

A. Habib ◽

R. Haubner ◽

N. Stelzer

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Temperature Time ◽

Synthesis Of Barium Titanate

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Coal feed flexibility in the Exxon Donor Solvent coal liquefaction process

Fuel ◽

10.1016/0016-2361(81)90139-3 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 60 (9) ◽

pp. 788-794 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

John W. Taunton ◽

K.L. Trachte ◽

R.D. Williams

Keyword(s):

Coal Liquefaction ◽

Donor Solvent ◽

Liquefaction Process

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Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of Hydrogen Donation and Transfer for Hydrogen-Donor Solvents during Direct Coal Liquefaction

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal8120648 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 648 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Haigang Hao ◽

Tong Chang ◽

Linxia Cui ◽

Ruiqing Sun ◽

Rui Gao

Keyword(s):

Density Functional ◽

Hydrogen Gas ◽

Hydrogen Donor ◽

Coal Liquefaction ◽

Hydrogen Atoms ◽

Functional Theory ◽

Donor Solvent ◽

National Energy Security ◽

Liquefaction Process ◽

Direct Coal Liquefaction

As a country that is poor in petroleum yet rich in coal, it is significant for China to develop direct coal liquefaction (DCL) technology to relieve the pressure from petroleum shortages to guarantee national energy security. To improve the efficiency of the direct coal liquefaction process, scientists and researchers have made great contributions to studying and developing highly efficient hydrogen donor (H-donor) solvents. Nevertheless, the details of hydrogen donation and the transfer pathways of H-donor solvents are still unclear. The present work examined hydrogen donation and transfer pathways using a model H-donor solvent, tetralin, by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The reaction condition and state of the solvent (gas or liquid) were considered, and the specific elementary reaction routes for hydrogen donation and transfer were calculated. In the DCL process, the dominant hydrogen donation mechanism was the concerted mechanism. The sequence of tetralin donating hydrogen atoms was α-H (C1–H) > δ-H (C4–H) > β-H (C2–H) > γ-H (C3–H). Compared to methyl, it was relatively hard for benzyl to obtain the first hydrogen atom from tetralin, while it was relatively easy to obtain the second and third hydrogen atoms from tetralin. Comparatively, it was easier for coal radicals to capture hydrogen atoms from the H-donor solvent than to obtain hydrogen atoms from hydrogen gas.

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Numerical Analysis of Size Reduction of Municipal Solid Waste Particles on the Traveling Grate of a Waste-to-Energy Combustion Chamber

14th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference ◽

10.1115/nawtec14-3193 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Masato Nakamura ◽

Marco J. Castaldi ◽

Nickolas J. Themelis

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Size Change ◽

Model Combining ◽

Shrinking Core ◽

Waste Particles

The size reduction of municipal solid waste (MSW) particles on the reverse acting traveling grate of a waste-to-energy (WTE) combustion chamber was estimated by means of a numerical model combining the particle size distributions (PSD) of MSW and combustion residues and the Shrinking Core Model (SCM). This new integrated model was used to simulate the particle behavior on the grate. During their travel on the moving grate, the sizes of the particles are reduced by combustion, breakage, and compaction. This study shows the calculation of the particle size change using this model and comparison of the numerically derived PSDs of MSW and ash particles with experimental data. There is good agreement between calculated and measured values.

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