Lancefield group G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis: an unusual aetiology of perianal streptococcal dermatitis acquired from heterosexual oral-anal intercourse

S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) is infrequently associated with maternal infections during delivery in pregnant women. A rare case is presented of a woman with intrauterine infection and surgical-site infection due to SDSE after cesarean section, which had colonized her genital tract and, via the ascending pathway, reached her intact fetal membrane. All isolates were identified as Streptococcus Lancefield group G, and their emm genes that coded M protein belonged to stG6.1. The isolates tested negative for a series of streptococcal superantigen virulence genes but positive for nonsuperantigenic virulence genes. In particular, molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis disclosed that the three isolates from the different infection sites had identical profiles. Furthermore, multilocus sequence typing indicated that the three isolates belonged to a new sequence typing. Our results indicated that SDSE is potentially pathogenic for pregnant women and newborns if colonized.

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Acute peritonitis and salpingitis associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by Lancefield group G α-haemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.46507-0 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 953-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Toshinobu Horii ◽

Sayuri Izumida ◽

Kiyotake Takeuchi ◽

Toyohiro Tada ◽

Jinko Ishikawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Present Report ◽

M Protein ◽

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Toxic Shock ◽

Haemolytic Streptococcus ◽

Acute Peritonitis ◽

First Case ◽

Lancefield Group

The authors treated a patient for what appears to be the first reported occurrence of acute peritonitis and salpingitis associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). This was caused by Lancefield group G α-haemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis TKCH2004-001. The isolate showed M protein type stc36 and carried the spegg gene. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the present report represents the first case of STSS complicating acute peritonitis and salpingitis caused by Lancefield group G α-haemolytic S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis.

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Impact of intra-partum Azithromycin on carriage of group A streptococcus in The Gambia: a posthoc analysis of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial

10.1101/2020.12.04.20236653 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Isatou Jagne ◽

Alexander J. Keeley ◽

Abdoulie Bojang ◽

Bully Camara ◽

Edrissa Jallow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Oral Dose ◽

Group A Streptococcus ◽

The Gambia ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Double Blind ◽

Group A ◽

Vaginal Tract ◽

The Impact ◽

Lancefield Group

AbstractBackgroundGroup A Streptococcus (GAS) is a major human pathogen and an important cause of maternal and neonatal sepsis.MethodsWe performed a posthoc analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized-trial (ratio 1:1) carried out in The Gambia to determine the impact of one oral dose (2g) of intra-partum azithromycin on maternal and neonatal GAS carriage. Breast milk, nasopharyngeal and vaginal swabs were collected at different time points during 4 weeks post-treatment. All samples were processed using conventional microbiology techniques. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of GAS isolates was performed by Illumina MiSeq platform.ResultsWe randomized 829 mothers who delivered 843 babies. GAS carriage in mothers in the azithromycin arm was lower in breast milk (0.28% vs 2.48%, Prevalence Ratio (PR)=0.11, 95% CI 0.01-0.90) and the nasopharynx (0.28% vs 1.93%, PR=0.15, 95% CI 0.02-1.19), but not in the vaginal tract (1.99% vs 1.93%, PR=1.03, 95% CI 0.37-2.91). Among neonates, GAS carriage in the nasopharynx was slightly lower in the azithromycin arm (0.57% vs 1.91%, PR=0.30, 95% CI 0.06-1.42). Prevalence of azithromycin-resistant GAS was similar in both arms, except for a higher prevalence in the vaginal tract among women in the azithromycin arm (1.99% vs 0.28%, PR=7.24, 95% CI 0.87-56.92). WGS revealed ten of the 45 GAS isolates (22.2%) were Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis expressing Lancefield group A carbohydrate (SDSE(A)). All SDSE(A) isolates were azithromycin-resistant, harbouring macrolide resistant genes msrD and mefA.ConclusionsOral intra-partum azithromycin reduced prevalence of GAS carriage among mothers and neonates. Azithromycin-resistant SDSE(A) carriage was observed among participants treated with azithromycin.Short SummaryGroup A streptococcus (GAS) is an important cause of sepsis. One oral dose (2g) of intra-partum azithromycin reduced maternal and neonatal GAS carriage. However, azithromycin-resistant Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis expressing Lancefield group A carbohydrate was detected in women receiving azithromycin.

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Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis 167 Carrying Lancefield Group C Antigen and Comparative Genomics of S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis Strains

Genome Biology and Evolution ◽

10.1093/gbe/evt117 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 1644-1651 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Shinya Watanabe ◽

Teruo Kirikae ◽

Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama

Keyword(s):

Comparative Genomics ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Lancefield Group

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Comparative genome analysis of three Group A Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis strains isolated in Japan

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.001322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Haruka Ishihara ◽

Kohei Ogura ◽

Van An Nguyen ◽

Tohru Miyohi-Akiyama ◽

Shigefumi Okamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Analysis ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Type Species ◽

Comparative Genome Analysis ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

Group A ◽

Lancefield Group

Introduction . Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) is a β-hemolytic streptococcus that causes severe invasive streptococcal infections, especially in the elderly and people with underlying diseases. SDSE strains are primarily characterized by Lancefield group G or C antigens. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. We have previously reported the prevalence of Lancefield group A SDSE (GA-SDSE) strains in Japan and have analysed the draft genome sequences of these strains. As GA-SDSE is a rare type of SDSE, only one complete genome has been sequenced to date. Aim. The present study is focused on genetic characteristics of GA-SDSE strains. In order to examine molecular characteristics, we also tested growth inhibition of other streptococci by GA-SDSE. Methodology. We determined the complete genome sequences of three GA-SDSE strains by two new generation sequencing systems (short-read and long-read sequencing data). Using the sequences, we also conducted a comparative analysis of GA-SDSE and group C/G SDSE strains. In addition, we tested multiplex and quantitative PCRs targeting the GA-SDSE, group G SDSE, and S. pyogenes . Results. We found a group-specific conserved region in GA-SDSE strains that is composed of genes encoding predicted anti-bacteriocin and streptococcal lantibiotic (Sal) proteins. Multiplex and quantitative PCRs targeting the GA-SDSE-specific region were able to distinguish between GA-SDSE, other SDSE, and S. pyogenes strains. The growth of GA-SDSE was suppressed in the presence of group G SDSE, indicating a possible explanation for the low frequency of isolation of GA-SDSE. Conclusion. The comparative genome analysis shows that the genome of GA-SDSE has a distinct arrangement, enabling the differentiation between S. pyogenes , GA-SDSE, and other SDSE strains using our PCR methods.

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