scholarly journals First molecular evidence of intrauterine and surgical-site infections caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghuai Lu ◽  
Baowei Diao ◽  
Yujie Fang ◽  
Yanli Shi ◽  
Fengxia Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽  
Maternal Infections ◽  
Lancefield Group

S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) is infrequently associated with maternal infections during delivery in pregnant women. A rare case is presented of a woman with intrauterine infection and surgical-site infection due to SDSE after cesarean section, which had colonized her genital tract and, via the ascending pathway, reached her intact fetal membrane. All isolates were identified as Streptococcus Lancefield group G, and their emm genes that coded M protein belonged to stG6.1. The isolates tested negative for a series of streptococcal superantigen virulence genes but positive for nonsuperantigenic virulence genes. In particular, molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis disclosed that the three isolates from the different infection sites had identical profiles. Furthermore, multilocus sequence typing indicated that the three isolates belonged to a new sequence typing. Our results indicated that SDSE is potentially pathogenic for pregnant women and newborns if colonized.

scholarly journals Microbiological and clinical characteristics of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus infection in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Xingchun Chen ◽  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Junrui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Genotype Combination ◽  
Streptococcus Gallolyticus

Abstract Background Infections by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (SGSP) is often underestimated. Herein, the epidemiological features and resistant characteristics of SGSP in mainland China are characterized to enable a better understanding of its role in clinical infections. Methods In the present work, 45 SGSP isolates were collected from the samples of bloodstream, urine, aseptic body fluid, and fetal membrane/placenta from patients in 8 tertiary general hospitals of 6 cities/provinces in China from 2011 to 2017. The identification of all isolates was performed using traditional biochemical methods, 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, followed by the characterization of their antibiotic resistance profiling and involved genes. Results Among 34 non-pregnancy-related patients, 4 (4/34,11.8%) patients had gastrointestinal cancer, 10 (10/34, 29.4%) patients had diabetes, and one patient had infective endocarditis. Moreover, 11 cases of pregnant women were associated with intrauterine infection (9/11, 81.2%) and urinary tract infection (1/11, 9.1%), respectively. Except one, all other SGSP isolates were correctly identified by the BD Phoenix automated system. We found that all SGSP isolates were phenotypically susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, meropenem, and vancomycin. Forty strains (40/45, 88.9%) were both erythromycin and clindamycin-resistant, belonging to the cMLSB phenotype, and the majority of them carried erm(B) gene (39/40, 97.5%). Although the cMLSB/erm(B) constituted the most frequently identified phenotype/genotype combination (25/40, 62.5%) among all erythromycin-resistant cMLSB isolates, erm(B)/erm(A), erm(B)/mef(A/E), and erm(B)/erm(T) was detected in 7, 4, and 3 isolates, respectively. Furthermore, 43 strains (43/45, 95.6%) were tetracycline-resistant, and out of these, 39 strains (39/45, 86.7%) carried tet(L), 27(27/45, 60.0%) strains carried tet(O), and 7 (7/45, 15.6%) strains carried tet(M), alone or combined, respectively. All erythromycin-resistant isolates were also resistant to tetracycline. Conclusions It is important to study and draw attention on SGSP, an underreported opportunistic pathogen targeting immunodeficient populations, notably elderly subjects, pregnant women and neonates.

Pathological features of the sequence in pregnant women with delayed fetal growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
V.O. Golyanovskiy ◽  
◽  
Ye.O. Didyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

Pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have an increased risk of adverse perinatal and long-term complications compared with the birth of children with normal body weight. Thus, IUGR is one of the main challenges for the global health system, especially in poor and developing countries. Morpho-functional studies of the placentas help in determining the causes of IUGR, and therefore, timely prevent complications in pregnant women with IUGR. The objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate various morphometric and pathomorphological changes in the placenta, including inflammatory, in cases of IUGR, and to establish a correlation of these results with the etiology and complications for the fetus. Materials and methods. In the current study, 54 placentas of the fetuses with IUGR (the main group) were compared with 50 placentas of the fetuses with normal development (control group). The criteria for the inclusion of IUGR were gestational age more than 30 weeks and all fetuses with a weight less than 10th percentile for this period of pregnancy. The placenta material was studied pathomorphologically with laboratory screening for infection and inflammation. Similarly, the results were determined for placentas of the fetuses with normal development compared to placentas with IUGR. Results. The placenta study showed the presence of calcification in the case of IUGR, as well as in the case of prolonged pregnancy. However, calcification of the placenta in the case of IUGR was more progressive compared with placenta in the normal pregnancy. In addition, the presence of intrauterine infection and inflammation was observed, which could also lead to an adverse outcome for the further progression of pregnancy with IUGR. Conclusion. A comparative macro- and microscopic pathomorphological study of the placentas in the two groups has shown a significant increase in the pathological changes in all the anatomical structures of the fetuses with IUGR. Key words: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal weight, pathomorphological changes of the placenta.

Ultrasound and clinical-morphological evaluation of fetal-placental complex of pregnant women with intrauterine infection

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
S.M. Voevodin ◽  
◽  
T.V. Shemanaeva ◽  
A.I. Shchegolev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Morphological Evaluation

Lancefield group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae infection responsible for fish mortalities in Japan

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Nomoto ◽  
L I Munasinghe ◽  
D-H Jin ◽  
Y Shimahara ◽  
H Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽  
Lancefield Group

Parvovirus infection in children and pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
E.V. Mikhailova ◽  
◽  
T.K. Chudakova ◽  
D.Yu. Levin ◽  
A.V. Romanovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Minute Virus Of Mice ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
B19 Parvovirus ◽  
Minute Virus

Parvovirus (PV) is a widespread infection, despite the fact that this pathogen was discovered only recently. The therapeutic effect of PV, in particular its oncolytic activity, is being actively studied now. Notably, PVs causing infections in animals, such as rat PV H-1, caninae PV, and rodent protoparvovirus (minute virus of mice) suppress oncogenesis in these animals. There is an ex vivo evidence of rat glioblastoma and gliosarcoma sensitivity to PV. The affinity of PV B19 to P-antigen located primarily on the membranes of erythroid cells is crucial for the disease pathogenesis. The teratogenic effect of PV B19 is associated with its ability to infect placental cells (P-antigen is present on the cells of chorionic villi and surface of the trophoblast). PV infection can be acquired or congenital, typical or atypical. The outcome of intrauterine infection with PV B19 largely depends on the gestation age when the infection occurred. Women infected during the second trimester are at higher risk of vertical transmission and severe intrauterine pathology with a poor outcome than those infected during the third trimester. Constant contact with young children significantly increases the risk of PV B19 infection among pregnant women with no immunity to this virus. Serum is the most convenient biomaterial for detecting both PV DNA and virus-specific antibodies. One test for anti-PV IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is sufficient to determine the immune status of a patient. Polymerase chain reaction with amniotic fluid is used to diagnose intrauterine infection with PV B19. Blood components and products should be checked for PV B19. High frequency of PV B19 detection in the blood of donors necessitates the development of special measures aimed at prevention of virus transmission. Key words: pregnant women, children, parvovirus B19, parvovirus infection

Low Potential Virulence Associated with Mutations in the inlA and prfA Genes in Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Raw Retail Poultry Meat

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICTORIA LÓPEZ ◽  
JAIME NAVAS ◽  
JOAQUÍN V. MARTÍNEZ-SUÁREZ
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Molecular Serotyping ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Raw Foods ◽  
Over Time

Packaged raw foods can represent a potential source of Listeria monocytogenes contamination when opened at home, and listeriosis is associated with the consumption of undercooked raw foods. The aim of this study was to characterize a group of L. monocytogenes strains isolated from 56 packages of raw chicken meat from a single brand in order to determine the diversity of the strains that dominate in a particular food over time, as well as their pathogenic potential. Forty (71%) samples were found to be positive for L. monocytogenes, and three isolates per sample were subjected to PCR molecular serotyping. Subtyping of 45 isolates from different manufacturing dates (n = 40) or different molecular serotype within the same sample (n = 5) identified 11 different L. monocytogenes subtypes as defined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and sequencing of virulence genes actA and inlA. Two of the subtypes accounted for 51% of the isolates. About 40% of isolates (three subtypes) were found to potentially present attenuated virulence because of the presence of mutations in the prfA and inlA genes.

scholarly journals Molecular Evidence of Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis G Virus among Women without Known Risk Factors for Parenteral Infections

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2333-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Menéndez ◽  
José-María Sánchez-Tapias ◽  
Pedro-Luis Alonso ◽  
Mireia Giménez-Barcons ◽  
Elizeus Kahigwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Hepatitis G

Hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA was detected in 18 of 133 pregnant women from Tanzania without known risk factors for HGV infection and in 7 of 18 children born to HGV RNA-positive mothers. Molecular evidence of mother-to-infant transmission was obtained only for three of seven children. HGV RNA was also detected in 4 of 42 children born to non-HGV-infected women. Thus, mechanisms other than materno-filial may play an important role in HGV transmission during early childhood.

Effectiveness of pregravid preparation in women of high infectious risk

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
T.G. Romanenko ◽  
◽  
O.M. Sulimenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

The article presents the results of the effectiveness of the combined antimicrobial drug Guinex Forte, the effect of which is caused by metronidazole and miconazole, and the Orgil tablets at the stage of pregravid preparation in women of high-risk group, with regard to the development of placental insufficiency of infectious genesis and intrauterine infection. The objective: is to demonstrate the effectiveness of pregravid preparation for the normalization of vaginal biocenosis in pregnant women of high infectious risk. Materials and methods. 150 pregnant women were investigated, of which 100 with a high risk of infectious risk for placental dysfunction and intrauterine infection: Group I – 50 pregnant women who did not undergo pregravid preparation; Group II – 50 pregnant women who planned pregnancy and conducted pregravid preparation for prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis and vaginal candidiasis; Control group consisted of 50 pregnant women who gave birth again, without obstetrical and extragenital pathology in history. per vaginum. Results. In pregnant women in Group II, an intermediate type of dysbiosis was 1.2 times less likely than in pregnant women of group I, and vice versa, normocenosis was achieved 9.7 times more often in pregnant women who received pregravid preparation. After the therapy in the pregravid period, in pregnant women of group II in the first trimester of pregnancy quantitative and qualitative indices of biocenosis of the vagina were approaching, in most cases, to normal. In general, the spectrum of the microflora decreased from 21 to 14 species due to the reduction of pathogenic forms of staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, E. coli, klebsiela, cornebacteria and clostridia. In patients of group II, the concentration of representatives of resident flora increased (lactobacillus Lg 5.06±0.7 CFU / ml and bifidobacterium-Lg 4.4±0.6 CFU / ml) and close to normal. Conclusion. Our proposed scheme of therapy and prevention of dysbiotic conditions in the pregravid period, in women of high infectious risk group led to a decrease in bacterial contamination of maternity paths of pregnant women in group II, which contributes to the restoration of vaginal microbiocenosis and positively affects the course of pregnancy, the condition of the fetus and the newborn. Key words: pregravid preparation, bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, placental dysfunction of infectious genesis, intrauterine infection.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Pregnant Women in Guangzhou, South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Zhaomin Cheng ◽  
Pinghua Qu ◽  
Peifeng Ke ◽  
Xiaohan Yang ◽  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Mass Peak ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Tof Ms

Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in pregnant women can cause postpartum intrauterine infections and life-threatening neonatal infections. To formulate strategies for the prevention and treatment of S. agalactiae infections, we performed a comprehensive analysis of antibiotic resistance and a molecular-based epidemiological investigation of S. agalactiae in this study. Seventy-two S. agalactiae strains, collected from pregnant women, were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests; then, the screened erythromycin and clindamycin nonsusceptible isolates were used for macrolides and clindamycin resistance genes detection, respectively. Detection of resistance genes, serotyping, and determination of virulence genes were performed by polymerase chain reaction. The clonal relationships among the colonized strains were evaluated by multilocus sequence typing. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) mass peak analysis was performed to discriminate the specific sequence types (STs). In our study, 69.4% and 47.2% of the strains were nonsusceptible to erythromycin and clindamycin, respectively; the multidrug resistance rate was 66.7%. All erythromycin nonsusceptible strains harbored resistance genes, whereas only 52.9% of the clindamycin nonsusceptible strains possessed the linB gene. Erythromycin resistance was mainly mediated by the ermB or mefA/E genes. Four serotypes were identified, and the most common serotype was serotype III (52.8%), followed by Ib (22.2%), Ia (18.0%), and II (4.2%). All the strains were divided into 18 STs that were assigned to nine clonal complexes. Most of the major STs were distributed into specific serotypes, including ST19/serotype III, ST17/serotype III, ST485/serotype Ia, ST862/serotype III, and ST651/serotype III. Analysis of virulence genes yielded seven clusters, of which bca-cfb-scpB-lmb (61.6%) was the predominant virulence gene cluster. Among all ST strains distributed in this region, only the ST17 strains had a mass peak at 7620 Da. The outcomes of this study are beneficial for the epidemiological comparison of colonized S. agalactiae in different regions and may be helpful for developing the strategies for the prevention of S. agalactiae infection in Guangzhou. Furthermore, our results show that MALDI-TOF MS can be used for the rapid identification of the ST17 strains.

scholarly journals Indicators for mode of delivery in pregnant women with uteruses scarred by prior caesarean section: a retrospective study of 679 pregnant women

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifen Hua ◽  
Fadwa El Oualja
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Maternal Preference

Abstract Background The delivery mode for pregnant women with uteruses scarred by prior caesarean section (CS) is a controversial issue, even though the CS rate has risen in the past 20 years. We performed this retrospective study to identify the factors associated with preference for CS or vaginal birth after CS (VBAC). Methods Pregnant women (n = 679) with scarred uteruses from Moulay Ali Cherif Provincial Hospital, Rashidiya, Morocco, were enrolled. Gestational age, comorbidity, fetal position, gravidity and parity, abnormal amniotic fluid, macrosomia, placenta previa or abruptio, abnormal fetal presentation, premature rupture of fetal membrane with labor failure, poor progression in delivery, and fetal outcomes were recorded. Results Out of 679 pregnant women ≥28 gestational weeks, 351 (51.69%) had a preference for CS. Pregnant women showed preference for CS if they were older (95% CI 1.010–1.097), had higher gestational age (95% CI 1.024–1.286), and a shorter period had passed since the last CS (95% CI 0.842–0.992). Prior gravidity (95% CI 0.638–1.166), parity (95% CI 0.453–1.235), vaginal delivery history (95% CI 0.717–1.818), and birth weight (95% CI 1.000–1.001) did not influence CS preference. In comparison with fetal preference, maternal preference was the prior indicator for CS. Correlation analysis showed that pregnant women with longer intervals since the last CS and history of gravidity, parity, and vaginal delivery showed good progress in the first and second stages of vaginal delivery. Conclusions We concluded that maternal and gestational age and interval since the last CS promoted CS preference among pregnant women with scarred uteruses.

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