Full-Load Converter Connected Asynchronous Generators for MW Class Wind Turbines

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Akhmatov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Frequency Converters ◽  
Fault Ride Through ◽  
System Operator ◽  
And Control ◽  
Large Wind

Wind turbines equipped with full-load converter-connected asynchronous generators are a known concept. These have rating up to hundreds of kW and are a feasible concept for MW class wind turbines and may have advantages when compared to conventional wind turbines with directly connected generators.* The concept requires the use of full-scale frequency converters, but the mechanical gearbox is smaller than in conventional wind turbines of the same rating. Application of smaller gearbox may reduce the no-load losses in the wind turbines, which is why such wind turbines with converter connected generators may start operation at a smaller wind speed. Wind turbines equipped with such converted connected asynchronous generators are pitch-controlled and variable-speed. This allows better performance and control. The converter control may be applied to support the grid voltage at short-circuit faults and to improve the fault-ride-through capability of the wind turbines, which makes the concepts relevant for large wind farms. The Danish transmission system operator Energinet-DK has implemented the general model of wind turbines equipped with converter connected asynchronous generators with the simulation tool Powerfactory (DlgSilent). The article presents Energinet-DK's experience of modeling this feasible wind turbine concept.

scholarly journals Peaks in bat activity at turbines and the implications for mitigating the impact of wind energy developments on bats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Richardson ◽  
Paul R. Lintott ◽  
David J. Hosken ◽  
Theo Economou ◽  
Fiona Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Large Wind

AbstractWind turbines are a relatively new threat to bats, causing mortalities worldwide. Reducing these fatalities is essential to ensure that the global increase in wind-energy facilities can occur with minimal impact on bat populations. Although individual bats have been observed approaching wind turbines, and fatalities frequently reported, it is unclear whether bats are actively attracted to, indifferent to, or repelled by, the turbines at large wind-energy installations. In this study, we assessed bat activity at paired turbine and control locations at 23 British wind farms. The research focussed on Pipistrellus species, which were by far the most abundant bats recorded at these sites. P. pipistrellus activity was 37% higher at turbines than at control locations, whereas P. pygmaeus activity was consistent with no attraction or repulsion by turbines. Given that more than 50% of bat fatalities in Europe are P. pipistrellus, these findings help explain why Environmental Impact Assessments conducted before the installation of turbines are poor predictors of actual fatality rates. They also suggest that operational mitigation (minimising blade rotation in periods of high collision risk) is likely to be the most effective way to reduce collisions because the presence of turbines alters bat activity.

scholarly journals A Fuzzy Logic Controller to Increase Fault Ride-Through Capability of Variable Speed Wind Turbines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geev Mokryani ◽  
Pierluigi Siano ◽  
Antonio Piccolo ◽  
Vito Calderaro
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Fault Ride Through ◽  
Point Of Common Coupling ◽  
Common Coupling ◽  
Doubly Fed

A fuzzy controller for improving Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capability of Variable Speed Wind Turbines (WTs) equipped with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is presented. The controller is designed in order to compensate the voltage at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) by regulating the reactive and active power generated by WTs. The performances of the controller are evaluated in some case studies considering a different number of wind farms in different locations. Simulations, carried out on a real 37-bus Italian weak distribution system, confirmed that the proposed controller can enhance the FRT capability in many cases.

scholarly journals Performance and Equivalent Loads of Wind Turbines in Large Wind Farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 854 ◽  
pp. 012001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren J. Andersen ◽  
Jens N. Sørensen ◽  
Robert F. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Large Wind

Wind farm cooperative control for optimal power generation

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa Wang ◽  
Mario Garcia-Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Cooperative Control ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Large Wind

The power generation of a wind farm depends on the efficiency of the individual wind turbines of the farm. In large wind farms, wind turbines usually affect each other aerodynamically at some specific wind directions. Previous studies suggest that a way to maximize the power generation of these wind farms is to reduce the generation of the first rows wind turbines to allow the next rows to generate more power (coordinated case). Yet, other studies indicate that the maximum generation of the wind farm is reached when every wind turbine works at its individual maximum power coefficient CPmax (individual case). This article studies this paradigm and proposes a practical method to evaluate when the wind farm needs to be controlled according to the individual or the coordinated case. The discussion is based on basic principles, numerical computations, and wind tunnel experiments.

Voltage Booster Schemes for Fault Ride-Through Enhancement of Variable Speed Wind Turbines

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surour Alaraifi ◽  
Ahmed Moawwad ◽  
Mohamed Shawky El Moursi ◽  
Vinod Khadkikar
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Fault Ride Through

Modelling and control of synchronous generators for wide-range variable-speed wind turbines

Wind Energy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gnanasambandapillai Ramtharan ◽  
Nicholas Jenkins ◽  
Olimpo Anaya-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Synchronous Generators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Control

Modelling and control of variable speed wind turbines for power system studies

Wind Energy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Michalke ◽  
Anca D. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
And Control

Variable-speed Wind Turbines with Doubly-fed Induction Generators Part II: Power System Stability

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Akhmatov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Induction Generators ◽  
Doubly Fed Induction Generators ◽  
Doubly Fed

This article describes the second part of a larger investigation of dynamic interaction between variable-speed wind turbines equipped with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG) and the power grid. A simulation model is applied for dynamic stability investigations, with the entire power grid subjected to a short-circuit fault. During the grid disturbances, the DFIG converter is found to be the most sensitive part of the wind turbine. Therefore the electrical currents are determined using the transient generator model. The converter action is crucial for wind turbine operation associated with such disturbances, especially regarding tripping or uninterrupted operation.

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