scholarly journals Developmental analysis of the gonadal sterility of P-M hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster.

1986 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzo NIKI ◽  
I. CHIGUSA
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Developmental Analysis

scholarly journals Hybrid dysgenesis-induced quantitative variation on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636
Author(s):  
C Q Lai ◽  
T F Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Quantitative Variation ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Seven Generations ◽  
Polygenic Variation

Abstract To determine the ability of the P-M hybrid dysgenesis system of Drosophila melanogaster to generate mutations affecting quantitative traits, X chromosome lines were constructed in which replicates of isogenic M and P strain X chromosomes were exposed to a dysgenic cross, a nondysgenic cross, or a control cross, and recovered in common autosomal backgrounds. Mutational heritabilities of abdominal and sternopleural bristle score were in general exceptionally high-of the same magnitude as heritabilities of these traits in natural populations. P strain chromosomes were eight times more mutable than M strain chromosomes, and dysgenic crosses three times more effective than nondysgenic crosses in inducing polygenic variation. However, mutational heritabilities of the bristle traits were appreciable for P strain chromosomes passed through one nondysgenic cross, and for M strain chromosomes backcrossed for seven generations to inbred P strain females, a result consistent with previous observations on mutations affecting quantitative traits arising from nondysgenic crosses. The new variation resulting from one generation of mutagenesis was caused by a few lines with large effects on bristle score, and all mutations reduced bristle number.

scholarly journals Developmental genetics of loci at the base of the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Perrimon ◽  
D Smouse ◽  
G L Miklos
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Developmental Genetics ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Sterile Technique ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Dominant Female ◽  
Clone Analysis ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Developmental Analysis

Abstract We have conducted a genetic and developmental analysis of the 26 contiguous genetic complementation groups within the 19D3-20F2 interval of the base of the X chromosome, a region of 34 polytene bands delimited by the maroon-like and suppressor of forked loci. Within this region there are four loci which cause visible phenotypes but which have little or no effect on zygotic viability (maroon-like, little fly, small optic lobes and sluggish). There are 22 loci which, when mutated, are zygotic lethals and three of these, legless/runt, folded gastrulation and 13E3, have severe effects on embryonic development. In addition, three visible phenotypes have been defined only by overlapping deficiencies (melanized-like, tumorous head, and varied outspread). We have analyzed the lethal phases and maternal requirement of 58 mutations at 22 of the zygotic lethal loci by means of germline clone analysis using the dominant female sterile technique. Additionally, all lethal complementation groups, as well as a specific subset of deficiencies, have been studied histologically for defects in the development of the central and peripheral embryonic nervous systems.

scholarly journals A particular P-element insertion is correlated to the P-induced hybrid dysgenesis repression in Drosophila melanogaster

1992 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Higuet ◽  
Dominique Anxolabéhére ◽  
Danielle Nouaud
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Element Insertion ◽  
Element Number

SummaryTransposable P elements in Drosophila melanogaster cause hybrid dysgenesis if their mobility is not repressed. The ability to regulate the dysgenic activity of the P elements depends on several mechanisms, one of which hypothesized that a particular deleted P element (the KP element) results in a non-susceptibility which is biparentally transmitted. In this study totally nonsusceptible lines, and susceptible lines containing exclusively KP elements (IINS2 line and IIS2 line) were isolated from a M' strain. We show that non-susceptibility is correlated with a particular insertion of one KP element located at the cytological site 47D1. The repression ability of the GD sterility is determined by a recessive chromosomal factor, and cannot be due to the KP-element number. Here the repression of the P mobility is associated with reduction of the P transcripts and the inhibition of P promoter activity.

ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE ROSY LOCUS DNA IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: INTRAGENIC RECOMBINATION MAPPING OF MUTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH INSERTIONS AND DELETIONS

Genetics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-767
Author(s):  
S H Clark ◽  
M McCarron ◽  
C Love ◽  
A Chovnick
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Intragenic Recombination ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Insertions And Deletions ◽  
Recombination Mapping

ABSTRACT DNA extracts of several rosy-mutation-bearing strains were associated with large insertions and deletions in a defined region of the molecular map believed to include the rosy locus DNA. Large-scale, intragenic mapping experiments were carried out that localized these mutations within the boundaries of the previously defined rosy locus structural element. Molecular characterization of the wild-type recombinants provides conclusive evidence that the rosy locus DNA is localized to the DNA segment marked by these lesions.—One of the mutations, ry  2101, arose from a P-M hybrid dysgenesis experiment and is associated with a copia insertion. Experiments are described which suggest that copia mobilizes in response to P-M hybrid dysgenesis.—Relevance of the data to recombination in higher organisms is considered.

scholarly journals Characterization of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster with regard to the hobo system: a new hypothesis on the invasion

1997 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC BONNIVARD ◽  
DOMINIQUE HIGUET ◽  
CLAUDE BAZIN
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
System A ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
New Hypothesis

Until now, with regard to the hobo system of hybrid dysgenesis, natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster have been investigated using only two criteria: at the molecular level, the presence or absence of XhoI fragments 2·6 kb long or smaller; and/or at the genetic level, the ability to induce gonadal dysgenesis sterility in crosses A (females of an E reference strain crossed with males under test) and A* (females under test crossed with males of an H reference strain). Recently, analyses of laboratory strains using these criteria as well as the mobilization of two reporter genes, the male recombination and the number of ‘TPE’ repeats in the S region, revealed a lack of correlation between the different dysgenic parameters themselves, and also between these parameters and the molecular characteristics of the strains. Thirteen current strains derived from world populations were therefore investigated with regard to all these dysgenic traits, to determine discriminating criteria providing a robust method of classifying natural populations and deducing the dynamics of hobo elements in these populations. We show, as in laboratory strains, a lack of correlation between the parameters studied. Therefore, the significance of each of them as well as the nature of hobo hybrid dysgenesis are discussed, to propose an analysis method of the hobo system applicable to natural populations. According to the geographical distribution of hobo activities in world populations and to the variable polymorphism of the number of ‘TPE’ repeats, we propose a new scenario for the invasion of D. melanogaster by hobo elements.

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