scholarly journals O ACOLHIMENTO FAMILIAR DE CRIANÇAS EM PORTUGAL – EVIDÊNCIAS E DESAFIOS

polemica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 023-042
Author(s):  
João Paulo Ferreira Delgado

Resumo: Este artigo carateriza o sistema português de acolhimento familiar, que apresenta uma das taxas mais altas de colocação de crianças em acolhimento residencial, em comparação com outros países europeus. Descreve a sua evolução histórica, o quadro legal em vigor, e o papel dos principais atores envolvidos no processo de acolhimento. Procura, igualmente, identificar os fatores que estão na génese de um sistema de acolhimento que permanece centrado, e até tem reforçado, nos últimos anos, a utilização do acolhimento residencial. Este estudo baseia-se na análise do enquadramento jurídico e político, e destaca, na investigação científica realizada em Portugal, no século XXI, um conjunto de testemunhos de crianças, acolhedores e famílias que interpretam, em primeira pessoa, os avanços, as dificuldades e os desafios associados ao acolhimento. Termina com uma identificação dos desafios que se colocam na prática, e ao decisor político, para se desenvolver um processo de desinstitucionalização bem-sucedido e entre os quais se incluem: (i) a divulgação e promoção da cultura do acolhimento familiar; (ii) a seleção e a formação de novas famílias de acolhimento; (iii) a disponibilização e o aperfeiçoamento da informação que permitam uma efetiva monitorização do sistema; (iv) e a reclassificação dos tipos e modalidades de acolhimento familiar.Palavras-chave: Acolhimento familiar. Portugal. Evidências. Desafios.Abstract: This article characterizes the Portuguese family foster care system, which has one of the highest rates of placement of children in residential care, compared to other European countries. It describes its historical evolution, the legal framework in force, and the role of the main actors involved in this type of family placement. It also seeks to identify the factors that are at the origin of a care system that remains centered, and has even reinforced, in recent years, the use of residential care. This study is based on the analysis of the legal and political framework, and highlights in the scientific research carried out in Portugal in the 21st century a set of testimonies from children, caregivers and families who interpret in first person the advances, difficulties and challenges associated with foster care. It ends with an identification of challenges that are posed in practice, and to the decision maker, to develop a successful deinstitutionalization process, and among which are included (i) the dissemination and promotion of foster care culture; (ii) the selection and training of new fostercare families; (iii) the availability and improvement of information that allows an effective monitoring of the system; (iv) and the reclassification of types and modalities of foster care.Key Words: Foster care. Portugal. Evidence. Challenges.

Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Weiler ◽  
Edward F. Garrido ◽  
Heather N. Taussig

Author(s):  
Catherine G. Coughlin ◽  
Robyn R. Miller ◽  
Selina Higgins ◽  
Kidian Martinez ◽  
Christine Dipaolo ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Strassburger

Youth in the foster care system often have no one person who isclearly authorized to make medical decisions for them. From acaseworker insisting upon a vaccine to a birth parent refusingpermission for psychotropic medication, this paper argues that thequestion of who makes these decisions matters for children’s rights.This paper reports the results of a survey of 132 stakeholdersrepresenting all U.S. states, 17 qualitative interviews, and a reviewof relevant laws and policies. The stakeholders and legal researchrevealed that in sixteen states, common practice disagreed with thewritten laws and policies about who should be making medical decisionsfor youth in the foster care system. Most often, foster parents aremaking medical decisions despite note having legal authority to do so,and birth parents are rarely making decisions even when they arelegally allowed to do so. This paper proposes that following federallaw about promoting family reunification, birth parents should be incharge of medical decision making for the first 12-24 months. Afterthat time, the foster parent, if one is available and has showncommitment to the child, should become the medical decision maker.Such a policy would promote birth parent involvement and familyreunification while acknowledging the need of young people in care fordecision makers who can make long-term commitments to their care.


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-228
Author(s):  
Larisa Maxwell

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (“LGBTQ”) youth in the foster care system often face a multitude of discrimination, harassment, and abuse because of their actual or perceived homosexuality or gender identity. Mistreatment ranges from taunting to physical and sexual assaults by both other youth and staff. Certainly, this mistreatment is quite the antithesis of the safe haven that foster care placements are designed to be. There is very little legislation in place to specifically address these issues. In 2004, California’s Foster Care Nondiscrimination Act became the first act to provide explicit statutory protections from grievances based on sexual orientation or gender identity, among other protected classes. Recently, the Every Child Deserves a Family Act was proposed for the third time in the United States House of Representatives. The Act was designed to bar inequity in adoption and foster care placements due to either the prospective parent’s or child’s sexual orientation or gender identity, or the prospective parent’s marital status. Unfortunately, the bill died in committee, meeting the same fate as its predecessors. This Comment describes the strengths and shortcomings of both Acts and illustrates the immediate need to enact comprehensive statutory protections for youth in the foster care system who face discrimination and harassment based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity. Legislation should be enacted to help insulate these already marginalized youth from continuing harm.


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