Foreign Market Risk Assessment Practices of Small to Medium Sized International Businesses

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Bennett ◽  
Radka Koudelova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
Assessment Practices

Hormesis is central to toxicology, pharmacology and risk assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Toxicological Research ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Dose Responses ◽  
Chemical Class

This paper summarizes numerous conceptual and experimental advances over the past two decades in the study of hormesis. Hormesis is now generally accepted as a real and reproducible biological phenomenon, being highly generalized and independent of biological model, endpoint measured and chemical class/physical stressor. The quantitative features of the hormetic dose response are generally highly consistent, regardless of the model and mechanism, and represent a quantitative index of biological plasticity at multiple levels of biological organization. The hormetic dose-response model has been demonstrated to make far more accurate predictions of responses in low dose zones than either the threshold or linear at low dose models. Numerous therapeutic agents widely used by humans are based on the hormetic dose response and its low dose stimulatory characteristics. It is expected that as low dose responses come to dominate toxicological research that risk assessment practices will incorporate hormetic concepts in the standard setting process.

scholarly journals Risk Refraction: Thoughts on the Victim-Survivor’s Risk Journey through the Criminal Justice Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Charlotte Barlow ◽  
Sandra Walklate ◽  
Kelly Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process

The limits of inter-agency understandings of risk in the context of intimate partner violence are well documented. Informed by Hester’s (2011) ‘three planet’ analogy and using empirical data in one police force area in the south of England, this paper offers an exploration of intra-agency operations, focusing on police risk assessment practices. Exploring the policing risk lens and the victim-survivor journey together, findings highlight police operate with at least three risk assessment moments (call hander, front-line and Safeguarding Hub) and point to the tensions that result when failing to centralise victim-survivors’ own assessment of their risk. Using complexity theory, this paper examines the complex interplay of risk that occurs when the victim-survivor risk journey intersects with the policing aspect of the criminal justice process.

Another California Milestone: The First Application of Hormesis in Litigation and Regulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
Toxicological Research

The concept of hormesis has been receiving greater interest in the biomedical and toxicological research communities over the past decade. Of particular importance has been how the hormesis concept may affect risk assessment practices, litigation, and regulation. This paper identifies and discusses what may be the first application of the hormesis concept in environmental assessment and litigation. This occurred in California within the context of an assessment of alleged continuing smelter contamination nearly a century ago.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment in the Maritime Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1377-1381
Author(s):  
M. Mousavi ◽  
I. Ghazi ◽  
B. Omaraee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
The Public ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
The Right ◽  
Regulatory Trends

Risk assessment is a well-developed field which many operators are currently applying to improve their operations and reduce their risk exposure. This paper is intended to provide an overview of the risk assessment for mariners in the Maritime transportation. The risks addressed are primarily those affecting the safety of a vessel, facility or operation. The concept of risk is defined, and the methods available to assess the risks associated with an operation are described. Regulatory requirements that have prompted the development of modern risk assessment practices are described, and future regulatory trends are discussed. There are many different analysis techniques and models that have been developed to aid in conducting risk assessments. A key to any successful risk analysis is choosing the right method (or combination of methods) for the situation at hand. This is achieved through critical analysis of the available data concerning marine crises. This paper provides a brief introduction to some of the analysis methods available and suggests risk analysis approaches to support different types of decision making within the maritime transportation to cope with crises. Finally, as awareness of risk assessment increases, the benefits which can be realized through its application will continue to increase. Organizations in both the public and the private sector are becoming more and more familiar with the benefits associated with risk-based approaches to managing safety and consequently reducing crisis in maritime transportation.

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