scholarly journals Influence of Post-treatment Humidity on the Irradiated Rice weevil Adult, Sitophilus zeamais MOTSHULSKY (Coleoptera : Curculionidae)

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momozo KUMAGAI
Keyword(s):  
Post Treatment ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Rice Weevil

scholarly journals Synergetic effects of two botanical entomocides as pest-protectants in maize grains

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayode David Ileke ◽  
Jacobs Mobolade Adesina ◽  
Emmanuel Oluwaseun Obajulaye
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Synergetic Effects ◽  
Grain Damage

<em>Sitophilus zeamais</em> Motschulsky infestation causes severe post-harvest losses of cereal grains in Nigeria leading to major nutritional and economic losses. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the efficacy of <em>Myrcianthes fragrans</em> and <em>Aframomum melegueta</em> seed powders and methanol extract as well as their synergetic effects on <em>S. zeamais</em>. The ability of the plant products to protect maize grain against <em>S. zeamais</em> infestation was assessed in terms of mortality 24 to 96 h posttreatment, oviposition, and adult emergence, weight loss and grains damage. <em>M. fragrans</em> and <em>A. melegueta</em> products significantly cause adult mortality of <em>S. zeamais</em>. <em>M. fragrans</em> products were the most toxic as it evoked 100% adult mortality within 24 h of application while<em> A. melegueta</em> products evoked 100% mortality of <em>S. zeamais</em> at 48 and 72 h post treatment, respectively. The synergetic effects of the plant products caused 100% adult mortality at 48 and 72 h post-treatment, respectively. Oviposition, adult emergence, weight loss and damage of the maize grains treated with the plant products were completely inhibited compared with untreated grains. The results obtained revealed that 2 g and 2% sole application of <em>M. fragrans</em> and mixed application of <em>M. fragrans</em> and <em>A. melegueta</em> products were effective in controlling <em>Sitophilus zeamais</em> post-harvest infestation and grain damage and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticide in ensuring steady supply of maize grains, thus ensuring food security as the plants are of medicinal and nutritional quality.

Comparison of full mitochondrial genomes for the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae and the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Agri Gene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Adebayo Ojo ◽  
M. Carmen Valero ◽  
Weilin Sun ◽  
Brad S. Coates ◽  
Adebayo Amos Omoloye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Maize Weevil

scholarly journals Ancient origin and recent range expansion of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, and its genealogical relationship to the rice weevil S. oryzae

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Corrêa ◽  
C.C. Vinson ◽  
L.S. Braga ◽  
R.N.C. Guedes ◽  
L.O. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Genealogical Relationship ◽  
Highest Posterior Density

AbstractArcheological records attest the early association of Sitophilus with stored cereals from the beginning of agriculture on Asia. The maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) became particularly damaging to maize, a cereal crop domesticated on Mesoamerica. We investigated the late evolutionary history of the maize weevil to gain insights on its origin, timing of association with maize, and genealogical relationship to the almost morphologically indistinguishable rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae). Two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome oxidase subunit II) and the nuclear ribosomal gene region were partially sequenced. Analyses showed that the maize weevil shared no haplotypes with the rice weevil; instead, each species exhibited distinct mitogroups and ribogroups. The two weevil species likely split about 8.7 million years ago (95% highest posterior density: 4.0–15.0). Microsatellite data analyses sorted the 309 specimens from 15 populations of the maize weevil into three genotypic groups, which displayed low genetic differentiation and widespread occurrence worldwide. The maize weevil and the rice weevil are each a distinct species; both of which emerged prior to the onset of agriculture. The maize–maize weevil association took place after maize became widespread as a global crop. The maize weevil populations lack spatial genetic structure at the regional, continental, and intercontinental scales.

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