Larval summer diapause of Chrysocharis pubicornis (Zetterstedt) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a pupal parasitoid of agromyzid leafminers: Sensitive stage for diapause induction and effects of cool exposure on diapause termination

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo L. Baeza Larios ◽  
Kazuro Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Pupal Parasitoid ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Sensitive Stage ◽  
Summer Diapause

Diapause Induction in a Kentucky Population of Diprion similis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi L. Melcher ◽  
Lee H. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Sensitive Stage ◽  
Diprion Similis ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive ◽  
Chilling Period

Critical photoperiod, sensitive stage for diapause induction, and requirements for termination of diapause were studied in a colony of the introduced pine sawfly, Diprion similis (Hartig), established from a feral Kentucky population. We investigated induction of diapause in the laboratory under photoperiods of 10:14, 11:13, 12:12, 13:11, 14:10, 15:9, and 16:8 (L:D) in the first trial, and added a photoperiod of 9:15 (L:D) in the second trial. Individuals exposed to light periods ≤12:12 (L:D) entered diapause; individuals in a photoperiod > 13:11 (L:D) bypassed diapause. The sensitive stage was determined using reciprocal switches of diapause-inducing (9:15) and non-diapause inducing (16:8) L:D regimes. Our studies indicated that late instars of the introduced pine sawfly are significantly sensitive to photoperiod. Termination of diapause in D. similis did not require a cold or chilling period. All individuals from critical photoperiod trials were kept at 22°C to determine the duration of diapause. Diapausing individuals emerged from the cocoon after 82 to 105 d, compared to 6 to 23 d for individuals not entering diapause.

scholarly journals Geographic Variation of Diapause Induction and Termination in the Spider Mite Tetrαnychus urticαe: Α mini-review

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Koveos ◽  
A. Veerman
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Critical Daylength ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

In eight strains of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), originating from different localities in Europe, the critical daylength for diapause induction and termination was almost the same in each strain but varied with the latitudinal origin of the strains; critical daylength was shorter in strains originating from lower latitudes and longer in those from higher latitudes. Diapause intensity, measured as the period of chilling required for diapause termination under a short day photoperiod (LD 10:14) and 19°C, again varied with the latitudinal origin of each strain, being higher the more northern the origin of the strain. An exception were two mountain strains which showed a longer critical daylength and a deeper diapause than expected on the basis of their latitudinal origin. The number of long-day (LD 17:7) cycles required for 50% diapause termination after a certain period of chilling was higher in the northern and lower in the southern strains. These results indicate that geographic strains of T urticae may differ considerably in their diapause attributes, which may be explained as an adaptation to local climatic conditions. The great plasticity of the diapause response may, among other factors, have been responsible for the wide distribution of this mite species.

Pupal diapause of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): sensitive stage for thermal induction in the Okayama (western Japan) population

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kurban ◽  
H. Yoshida ◽  
Y. Izumi ◽  
S. Sonoda ◽  
H. Tsumuki
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Sensitive Stage ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Pupal Diapause ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Thermal Induction

AbstractHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) exhibits a facultative pupal diapause, which depends on temperature and photoperiod. Pupal diapause is induced at 20°C by short photoperiods and inhibited by long photoperiods during the larval stage. However, in some pupae (35% of males and 57% of females) of a non-selected field population from Okayama Prefecture (34.6°N), diapause is not induced by short photoperiods. In the present experiment, the importance of temperature for diapause induction was studied in the non-diapausing strain, which was selected from such individuals reared at 20°C under a short photoperiod of 10L:14D. Furthermore, the sensitive stage for thermal determination of pupal diapause was determined by transferring larvae of various instars and pupae between 20°C and 15°C. Diapause was induced by 15°C without respect to photoperiod. When larvae or pupae reared from eggs at 20°C under a short or a long photoperiod were transferred to 15°C in the periods of the middle fifth instar to the first three days after pupation, the diapause induction rate was significantly reduced in both males and females, especially in females. In contrast, when larvae or pupae reared at 15°C were transferred to 20°C in the same periods, diapause was induced in males, but not in females. However, the diapause induction rate of pupae transferred to 20°C on the fourth day after pupation was significantly increased in females. The results show that temperature is the major diapause cue in the photoperiod-insensitive strain and the periods of middle fifth larval instar to early pupal stage are the thermal sensitive stages for pupal diapause induction with some different responses to temperatures between males and females in H. armigera.

Diapause induction in the sawfly Neodiprion rugifrons Middleton (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Knerer ◽  
Rosemary Marchant
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Single Generation ◽  
Sensitive Stage ◽  
Two Generations

Neodiprion rugifrons Midd. occurs on jack pine in eastern North America, where it has a single generation per year in Ontario, but two generations in Wisconsin when spring is exceptionally mild and early. Only in this situation will the sensitive last larval instar in June receive the photoperiod of around 17 h that prevents diapause induction and allows the production of another generation, whose sensitive stage is then subjected to a short, diapause-inducing photoregime in September or October.

INDUCTION AND TERMINATION OF DIAPAUSE IN THE FACE FLY, MUSCA AUTUMNALIS (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), IN THE LABORATORY

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. N. Caldwell ◽  
R. E. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
The Face ◽  
Musca Autumnalis

AbstractDiapause induction studies showed that face flies, Musca autumnalis De Geer, from a recently established colony, entered diapause more readily than those that had been colonized for many years. Photoperiods of less than 16 h of light induced diapause at 16° and 27 °C but more flies entered diapause at 16°C. Maximum numbers of flies entered diapause under total darkness at 16°C, but the critical photoperiod corresponding to natural periods of daylight in late summer was 15 h of light at 16°C. Diapause termination studies indicated that 4 months’ exposure to 5 °C under total darkness was required for the termination of diapause.

Photoperiodism of diapause induction and diapause termination inOstrinia furnacalis

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Zhong Yang ◽  
Xiao-Yun Tu ◽  
Qin-Wen Xia ◽  
Hai-Min He ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Diapause Termination
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