scholarly journals Optimal Clutch Size for Maximizing Reproductive Success in a Parasitoid Fly, Exorista japonica (Diptera: Tachinidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi NAKAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Optimal Clutch Size

Is there an Optimal Clutch Size in Snow Geese?

1987 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Rockwell ◽  
C. S. Findlay ◽  
F. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Optimal Clutch Size

scholarly journals Temporal changes in reproductive success and optimal breeding decisions in a long-distance migratory bird

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Reséndiz-Infante ◽  
Gilles Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Breeding Phenology ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Seasonal Decline

AbstractMany avian migrants have not adjusted breeding phenology to climate warming resulting in negative consequences for their offspring. We studied seasonal changes in reproductive success of the greater snow goose (Anser caerulescens atlantica), a long-distance migrant. As the climate warms and plant phenology advances, the mismatch between the timing of gosling hatch and peak nutritive quality of plants will increase. We predicted that optimal laying date yielding highest reproductive success occurred earlier over time and that the seasonal decline in reproductive success increased. Over 25 years, reproductive success of early breeders increased by 42%, producing a steeper seasonal decline in reproductive success. The difference between the laying date producing highest reproductive success and the median laying date of the population increased, which suggests an increase in the selection pressure for that trait. Observed clutch size was lower than clutch size yielding the highest reproductive success for most laying dates. However, at the individual level, clutch size could still be optimal if the additional time required to acquire nutrients to lay extra eggs is compensated by a reduction in reproductive success due to a delayed laying date. Nonetheless, breeding phenology may not respond sufficiently to meet future environmental changes induced by warming temperatures.

Optimal Clutch Size

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jeremy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Optimal Clutch Size

Optimal Clutch Size

2021 ◽  
pp. 5609-5612
Author(s):  
Jeremy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Optimal Clutch Size

Competition, the Fitness of Offspring, and Optimal Clutch Size

1975 ◽  
Vol 109 (970) ◽  
pp. 677-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Y. Brockelman
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Optimal Clutch Size

scholarly journals Measuring Annual Reproductive Success in Birds

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram G. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Nest Success ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Evolutionary Success

Abstract From simulated data on three populations, I calculate different measures of “reproductive success”: clutch size, egg success (the proportion of eggs that produce young), nest success (the proportion of clutches that produce young), and the annual reproductive success per female in terms of both number of broods and number of young reared successfully during a breeding season. These measures of success are not correlated. Differences in egg success or nest success do not necessarily translate into differences in annual reproductive success, and differences in annual reproductive success do not necessarily translate into evolutionary success.

Conflict between optimal clutch size for mothers and offspring in the leaf miner, Leucoptera sinuella

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Kagata ◽  
Takayuki Ohgushi
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Optimal Clutch Size

Factors affecting the reproductive success of common tern (Sterna hirundo) colonies on the lower Great Lakes during the summer of 1972

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1850-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph D. Morris ◽  
Rodger A. Hunter ◽  
James F. McElman
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Common Tern ◽  
Sterna Hirundo ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fledging Success ◽  
Egg Failure

The breeding biology of five common tern (Sterna hirundo) colonies in the lower Great Lakes was studied between May and August 1972. Frequent visits were made to each colony and data collected on nests within large artificially enclosed areas. The objective was to identify factors that influence the reproductive success of common tern colonies on the Great Lakes. Hatching success was significantly dependent on clutch size and time of clutch initiation, whereas fledging success was independent of clutch size. The most common category of egg failure was disappearance from the nest. One colony (Port Colborne) realized a significantly higher hatching and fledging success than the others, among which there were no significant differences in prehatch or posthatch success rates. Factors that contributed to differences in reproductive success are presented and their relative contributions to the reproductive success of the tern colonies are discussed. The factors include the relative proportion of three-egg clutches, incubation time as a measure of 'parent attentiveness,' numerical size of the colony, predation, competition for nesting sites by gulls, food availability, flooding, and toxic chemicals. We conclude that no single factor can be readily correlated with reproductive success and suggest that caution should be exercised when considering the relationships between reproductive success and factors influencing it.

Clutch parameters and reproductive success of a translocated population of red-crowned parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ortiz-Catedral ◽  
Dianne H. Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Breeding Pair ◽  
Brood Rearing ◽  
Breeding Seasons

At least four populations of the red-crowned parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) have been established via translocation within New Zealand over the last 40 years, but reproductive parameters of these populations have not been documented. We quantified differences in clutch parameters and reproductive success for a translocated population of this species on Tiritiri Matangi Island over two breeding seasons. Overall clutch parameters and estimates of reproductive success were consistent with reported values from natural populations. However, we found previously unreported differences in clutch size, hatching success and brood size between breeding seasons. The number of fledglings produced per breeding pair increased significantly from 1.4 to 3.4 fledglings during our two-year study. In contrast, egg volume and fertility per clutch did not vary during the same period. Overall, 7 eggs were laid per breeding pair but only 2.22 nestlings fledged, representing a 63.8% loss of initial reproductive potential. Losses during the incubation stage were caused by partial and total hatching failure, whereas starvation of nestlings caused all losses during the brood-rearing stage. Hatching success during our study was lower than that reported for wild populations of this and other parrot species, and remained lower even during the most productive breeding season. We found no cases of predation on eggs or nestlings during our study despite the presence of native and exotic avian predators on Tiritiri Matangi Island. We show that clutch size, brood size and changes in loss between breeding seasons are determinants of reproductive output in translocated red-crowned parakeet and also that reproductive output can vary greatly between breeding seasons. Finally, if reduced hatching success is the result of small founder size, management of parakeets should consider the movement of larger and more genetically diverse flocks.

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