scholarly journals Challenging perspectives on Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome – evidence for a disorder of purposeful actions

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Vocal Tics

Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) is a multi-faceted neuropsychiatric developmental disorder with onset in childhood or adolescence. It is characterised by multiple motor and vocal tics that can cause considerable problems including social stigmatisation, low self-esteem and secondary comorbidity, particularly depression.

scholarly journals All that glitters is not gold: When motor and vocal tics in a child do not match Tourette syndrome: A case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Quimas Molina da Costa ◽  
Rogério Paysano Marrocos ◽  
Marco Antonio Araujo Leite ◽  
Fabio Henrique Gobbi Porto
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Extrapyramidal Symptoms ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Pantothenate Kinase ◽  
Atypical Form ◽  
Psychiatric Problems ◽  
Vocal Tics

ABSTRACT The atypical form of Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration (PKAN) tends to present at around the age of 14 years, has a heterogeneous presentation with extrapyramidal symptoms, and approximately one third of patients exhibit psychiatric problems. This paper reports the case of a patient with apparent typical symptoms of Tourette syndrome. However, the severity and poor response to treatment led to further investigation and the diagnosis of PKAN as a secondary cause of Tourettism was reached.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a cognitive psychophysiological model for management of tic disorders: an open trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieron O'Connor ◽  
Marc Lavoie ◽  
Pierre Blanchet ◽  
Marie-Ève St-Pierre-Delorme
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Open Trial ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorder ◽  
Tic Severity ◽  
Sensorimotor Processes

BackgroundTic disorders, in particular chronic tic disorder and Tourette syndrome, affect about 1% of the population. The current treatment of choice is pharmacological or behavioural, addressing tics or the premonitory urges preceding tic onset.AimsThe current study reports an open trial evaluating the effectiveness of a cognitive psychophysiological treatment addressing Tourette-specific sensorimotor activation processes rather than the tic.MethodForty-nine people with Tourette syndrome and 36 people with chronic tics completed 10 weeks of individual cognitive psychophysiological therapy. Outcome measures included two tic severity scales and psychosocial measures.ResultsPost-treatment both groups had significantly improved on the tic scales with strong effect sizes across tic locations and complex and simple tics, maintained at 6-month follow-up with further change in perfectionism and self-esteem.ConclusionsThe cognitive psychophysiological approach targeting underlying sensorimotor processes rather than tics in Tourette's and chronic tic disorder reduced symptoms with a large effect size.

Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Kleimaker ◽  
Alexander Kleimaker ◽  
Christian Beste ◽  
Soyoung Q. Park ◽  
Alexander Maximilian Münchau
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Perception And Action ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Neural Code ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorder ◽  
Event File ◽  
Sensorimotor Processing ◽  
Event Files ◽  
Theory Of Event Coding ◽  
Vocal Tics

Abstract. Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a common, multifaceted neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. Although numerous neuroanatomical and neurophysiological particularities have been documented, there is no general concept or overarching theory to explain the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome. Given the premonitory urges that precede tics and the altered sensorimotor processing in Tourette syndrome, the “Theory of Event Coding” (TEC) seems to be an attractive framework. TEC assumes that perceptions and actions are bound together and encoded using the same neural code to form so-called “event files.” Depending on the strength of the binding between perception and action, partial repetition of features of an event file can lead to increasing cost because existing event files need to be reconfigured. This is referred to as “partial repetition costs”, which appear to be increased in Tourette patients. This indicates stronger binding within “event files” in Tourette.

Cognitive tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dunalska ◽  
Piotr Janik ◽  
Natalia Szejko ◽  
Andrzej Jakubczyk
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tic Severity ◽  
Vocal Tics

Abstract BACKGROUND Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is characterized by motor and vocal tics. Cognitive tics (CTs) have been rarely recognized as part of GTS symptomatology and their prevalence and associates have not been systematically investigated. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and clinical associations of CTs in a group of patients with GTS. METHODS We examined 227 consecutive GTS patients aged 5–50 years old (78.4% males). The median duration of GTS was 4 years (IQR: 3–7) in children and 18 years (IQR: 12–23) in adults. The patients were evaluated for GTS and comorbid mental disorders according to the DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5. CTs were defined as brief, sudden, recurring involuntary thoughts, analogous to typically recognized complex vocal tics and diagnosed during the interview. Correlations between CTs and clinical variables were evaluated in two analyses, lifetime and current. Children and adult groups were compared. RESULTS Lifetime CTs were reported by 48 patients (21.1%), in 33 of the cases at the time of evaluation. The median age at onset of CTs was 13.5 years (IQR 9.3–16). Five mental phenomena were evaluated: echolalia (n = 17), coprolalia (n = 16), palilalia (n = 13), counting (n = 11), repeating of words in mind (n = 7). In the multivariable analysis of lifetime CTs, tic severity (p = 0.025) and significant social skill problems (p = 0.050) demonstrated correlation, while for current CTs only tic severity (p = 0.028) and anxiety disorder (p = 0.028) remained significant. In logistic regression model for age groups, in children only age was a factor significantly associated with lifetime CTs (p = 0.033), whereas in adults there were no statistically significant associations with lifetime CTs. For current CTs, none of the variables reached statistical significance in children, while only anxiety disorder was a predictor of current CTs in adults (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS CTs are a part of tic spectrum with a substantial impact of comorbid psychiatric disorders. CTs are a late and age-related symptom of GTS.

Vocal tics in gilles de la tourette syndrome treated with botulinum toxin injections

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Trimble ◽  
Renata Whurr ◽  
Gerald Brookes ◽  
Mary M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injections ◽  
Vocal Tics

scholarly journals Self-esteem in adults with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders: The roles of tic severity, treatment, and comorbidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Weingarden ◽  
Lawrence Scahill ◽  
Susanne Hoeppner ◽  
Alan L. Peterson ◽  
Douglas W. Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Tic Severity ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders

Asperger's Syndrome and Tourette Syndrome

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Kerbeshian ◽  
Larry Burd
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
English Language ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Infantile Autism ◽  
Language Literature

We review the English-language literature on Asperger's syndrome (AS), with particular reference to diagnostic criteria and differentiation from infantile autism and personality disorders, and describe six cases seen in practice; all met DSM-III criteria for ‘atypical pervasive developmental disorder’. Three also developed Tourette syndrome: the co-occurrence of the two disorders, and methods of intervention, are discussed.

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