Influences of Shoe Heel Height on Isometric Shoulder Abductor Strength and EMG Activities of Selected Shoulder Muscles

Study Design: Case series study. Objective: We aimed to clarify the prevalence of rotator cuff tear (RCT), and the association between RCT and the severity and prognosis in patients with proximal type cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 35 proximal type CSA patients who were treated conservatively. The following data was collected: age, rotator cuff status on MRI, manual muscle test (MMT) score of shoulder abductor and biceps brachii muscles both at the first visit and final follow-up. We investigated the prevalence of RCT and the association between the rotator cuff status, and the severity and recovery of upper extremity weakness in patients with proximal type CSA. Results: Of the 35 patients, 21 had an RCT on MRI, indicating that the prevalence of RCT in patients with proximal type CSA was 60%. An age-adjusted analysis showed that the presence of RCT was significantly associated with the MMT score of the shoulder abductor muscles both at the first visit and at the final follow-up. The presence of RCT was significantly associated with the recovery of the shoulder abductor muscles. The size of the RCT was negatively correlated with the MMT score of the shoulder abductor muscles at the final follow-up. The size of the RCT was independently correlated with the change of the MMT score of the shoulder abductor muscles. Conclusion: RCT was detected in >50% in patients with proximal type CSA, and the presence and severity of RCT can be used as prognostic factors for proximal type CSA patients who are treated conservatively.

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Reliability and validity of an adapted hip abductor strength measure as a potential new fall risk assessment for older persons: a study protocol

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02048-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Simone Chantal Gafner ◽

Caroline Henrice Germaine Bastiaenen ◽

Emmanuel Biver ◽

Serge Ferrari ◽

Lara Allet

Keyword(s):

Fall Risk ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Criterion Validity ◽

Risk Assessments ◽

Index Test ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

External Criterion ◽

Closed Chain ◽

Hip Abductor ◽

Abductor Strength

Abstract Background Persons aged ≥ 65 years are currently the world’s fastest growing age group. An important complication of age is the increasing risk of falls. Falls have multifactorial etiology and modifiable risk factors open for interventions in prevention and rehabilitation, are of high interest. In this context, strong hip abductors seem to be important to prevent falls. A newly adapted measurement device to measure hip abductor strength (HAS) in a closed chain position was developed. We aim to assess feasibility, intra- and inter-tester reliability and construct and criterion validity of the new measure. Methods In two subsequent parts a feasibility, reliability and validity study with an adapted measurement instrument for the assessment of HAS (index test) in a closed chain position in persons aged ≥ 65 years will be conducted. Part I investigates feasibility of the measure in clinical settings as well as reliability of the new HAS test (n = 26). Part II evaluates construct and criterion validity (n = 169). Construct validity will be assessed cross-sectional, criterion validity by comparison with prospectively followed up fall history for 12 months (external criterion) and other functional fall risk assessments (Short Physical Performance Battery, Timed Up and Go test, usual gait speed and hand grip strength). Discussion Results of feasibility, will give insight in its applicability in daily clinical life and clinimetric properties will show if measurements of HAS in a closed chain position should be encouraged to include in fall risk assessments in older adults.

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Artificial Intelligence-Based Assessment System for Evaluating Suitable Range of Heel Height

IEEE Access ◽

10.1109/access.2021.3063912 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 38374-38385

Author(s):

Si-Huei Lee ◽

Bor-Shing Lin ◽

Hsiang-Chen Lee ◽

Xiao-Wei Huang ◽

Ya-Chu Chi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Assessment System ◽

Heel Height

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Identifying and Evaluating Vocation-Related Neuro-Musculoskeletal Deficiencies in Professional Musicians: A Review

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2035

Author(s):

Joseph Mizrahi

Keyword(s):

Myofascial Pain ◽

Tennis Elbow ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Lateral Epicondylitis ◽

Upper Extremities ◽

Upper Body ◽

Professional Musicians ◽

Shoulder Muscles ◽

Repetitive Movements ◽

Tunnel Syndrome

A combination of factors exposes musicians to neuro-musculoskeletal disorders, which lead to pain and damage. These involve overuse due to long playing hours, containing repetitive movements under stressful conditions, usually performed in an unnatural posture. Although the evoked disorders are usually non-traumatic, they may often lead to prolonged or even permanent damage. For instance, in upper string players, these include bursitis and tendinopathies of the shoulder muscles, tendonitis of the rotator cuff, injury at the tendon sheaths, medial or lateral epicondylitis (also known as tennis elbow), myofascial pain, and wrist tendonitis (also known as carpal tunnel syndrome, or De Quervein’s syndrome). In cases of intensive performance, a traumatic injury may result, requiring drastic means of intervention such as surgery. It should be pointed out that the upper body and upper extremities are the most commonly affected sites of playing musicians. This review provides a description of the playing-related motor disorders in performing musicians, and of the methodologies used to identify and evaluate these disorders, particularly for violinists and other upper string players.

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The Role of Hip Abductor Strength in Identifying Older Persons at Risk of Falls: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study

Clinical Interventions in Aging ◽

10.2147/cia.s246998 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 15 ◽

pp. 645-654 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Simone Chantal Gafner ◽

Caroline Henrice Germaine Bastiaenen ◽

Serge Ferrari ◽

Gabriel Gold ◽

Andrea Trombetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Older Persons ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy Study ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

Hip Abductor ◽

Accuracy Study ◽

Abductor Strength

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Electromyographic activity of the shoulder muscles during rehabilitation exercises in subjects with and without subacromial pain syndrome: a systematic review

Shoulder & Elbow ◽

10.1177/1758573216660038 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 112-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Rita Kinsella ◽

Tania Pizzari

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Electromyographic Activity ◽

Serratus Anterior ◽

Task Load ◽

Subacromial Pain Syndrome ◽

Shoulder Muscles ◽

Lower Amplitude

Background Subacromial pain syndrome (SPS) is a common cause of shoulder pain and muscle activity deficits are postulated to contribute to the development and progression of the disorder. The purpose of this systematic review was to definitively determine whether evidence exists of differences in electromyography (EMG) characteristics between subjects with and without SPS. Methods Six key databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTdiscus, PEDro and The Cochrane Library (inception to May 2016). The search yielded 1414 records using terms relating to shoulder impingement, EMG, scapular and rotator cuff muscles. Twenty-two papers remained once duplicates were removed and selection criteria applied. Data extraction, quality assessment and data synthesis were performed. Effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results There was limited evidence that serratus anterior has lower amplitude, delayed activation and earlier termination in SPS participants. For the majority of muscles, regardless of task, load or arm position, significant differences were not demonstrated or results were contradictory. Conclusions The understanding of SPS is changing and EMG appears unable to capture the complexities associated with this condition. Addressing aberrant movement patterns and facilitating balanced activation of all shoulder muscles may be a more appropriate treatment direction for the future.

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The influence of heel height on utilized coefficient of friction during walking

Gait & Posture ◽

10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.023 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 107-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Mark G. Blanchette ◽

John R. Brault ◽

Christopher M. Powers

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Heel Height

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Electromyographic analysis of shoulder muscles of men with low-level paraplegia during a weight relief raise

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1016/s0003-9993(95)80572-9 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 433-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Michael L. Reyes ◽

Joanne K. Gronley ◽

Craig J. Newsam ◽

Sara J. Mulroy ◽

Jacquelin Perry

Keyword(s):

Low Level ◽

Shoulder Muscles ◽

Electromyographic Analysis

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Antagonist Muscle Co-Activation during Kettlebell Single Arm Swing Exercise

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11094033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 4033

Author(s):

Ahmed Salem ◽

Amr Hassan ◽

Markus Tilp ◽

Abdel-Rahman Akl

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activation ◽

Surface Emg ◽

Antagonist Muscle ◽

Arm Swing ◽

Shoulder Muscles ◽

Antagonist Muscles ◽

Co Activation ◽

Integrated Emg ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Electrical Muscle

The purpose of this study was to determine the muscle activation and co-activation of selected muscles during the kettlebell single arm swing exercise. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the muscle co-activation of a kettlebell single arm swing exercise. Nine volunteers participated in the present study (age: 22.6 ± 3.8 years; body mass: 80.4 ± 9.2 kg; height: 175.6 ± 7.5 cm). The electrical muscle activity of eight right agonist/antagonist muscles (AD/PD, ESL/RA, ESI/EO, and GM/RF) were recorded using a surface EMG system (Myon m320RX; Myon, Switzerland) and processed using the integrated EMG to calculate a co-activation index (CoI) for the ascending and descending phases. A significant effect of the ascending and descending phases on the muscles’ CoI was observed. Post hoc analyses showed that the co-activation was significantly higher in the descending phase compared to that in the ascending phase of AD/PD CoI (34.25 ± 18.03% and 24.75 ± 13.03%, p < 0.001), ESL/RA CoI (34.97 ± 17.86% and 24.19 ± 10.32%, p < 0.001), ESI/EO CoI (41.14 ± 10.72% and 30.87 ± 11.26%, p < 0.001), and GM/RF CoI (27.49 ± 12.97% and 34.98 ± 14.97%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the co-activation of the shoulder muscles varies within the kettlebell single arm swing. The highest level of co-activation was observed in the descending phase of AD/PD and GM/RF CoI, and the lowest level of co-activation was observed during the descending phase, ESL/RA and ESI/EO CoI. In addition, the highest level of co-activation was observed in the ascending phase of ESL/RA and ESI/EO CoI, and the lowest level of co-activation was observed during the ascending phase, AD/PD and GM/RF CoI. The co-activation index could be a useful method for the interpretation of the shoulder and core muscles’ co-activity during a kettlebell single arm swing.

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