scholarly journals Trap-nesting Bees Communities from Protected Areas of Atlantic Forest, Southeastern Brazil

Sociobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Guaraci Cordeiro ◽  
Samuel Boff ◽  
Isabel Alves-dos-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Solitary Bees ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Nesting Biology ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Accumulated Rainfall

The solitary bees that use preexisting cavities can be captured in trap-nests allowing to collect data on nesting biology and associated organisms. This man-made trap-nest facilitates the understanding of environmental components and landscape composition in the fauna of solitary bees. Here, we aimed to increase the knowledge about trap-nesting bee species from four protected areas Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil and to test how abiotic local environmental components (temperature and rainfall) and forest cover affects the trap-nesting bee fauna. We recorded occupants from 847 nests founded by 17 bee species and seven cleptoparasite bees, associated to their host, summing 24 bee species sampled. The family with highest species richness was Megachilidae, and the species with the largest number of founded nests was Tetrapedia diversipes Klug (Apidae). Diptera, coleoptera, and hymenoptera parasitized 15.2% of the founded nests. The period of highest nest occupation occurred between November and February, which correspond to the warmest and most humid months in the region. We found significant positive correlation between the number of nests and monthly accumulated rainfall. We verified that Boraceia and Ilhabela have the best status conservation based on native forest cover and we sampled the highest diversity of species in these areas. We improved the knowledge on trap-nesting bees communities from Atlantic Forest on new species sampled in this biome with their nesting biology and highlighted that rainfall influences positively the nest founding throughout the year and native forest cover influences diversity of species.

Ecology of the Atlantic Forest

Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Damstra ◽  
Cristina Banks-Leite
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Golden Lion Tamarin ◽  
Palm Heart ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Unique Domain

Extending along the southern coast of Brazil, into Argentina and Paraguay, the Atlantic Forest is a domain that once covered 150 Mha and includes many distinct forest subtypes and ecosystems. Its large latitudinal (29˚) and altitudinal (0–2,800 m above sea level) range, as well as complex topography in the region, has created microclimates within forest subtypes, which has led to biodiversity specifically adapted to narrow ecological ranges. The region is incredibly species-rich and is home to charismatic or economically important species such as the black and golden lion tamarin, the red-browned Amazon parrot, and the highly prized palm heart from Euterpe edulis. Through widespread human-driven change dating back to the arrival of European settlers in 1500, this realm has been extensively reduced, fragmented, and modified. Nowadays, this region is home to about 130 million people (60 percent of the Brazilian population) and is responsible for producing 70 percent of Brazil’s GDP, putting a strain on natural resources and providing challenges to conservation. Due to its high levels of endemic species coupled with a high threat of habitat loss and fragmentation, the Atlantic Forest has been identified as a “biodiversity hotspot.” Numerous studies have assessed the effects of habitat transformation on biodiversity and the consensus is that the majority of species are negatively affected. It is puzzling however that few species have actually gone extinct in the wild, even if some extinctions might have gone undetected. Extinctions do not immediately follow habitat change, there is often a time lag of many decades between habitat transformation and extinction. This may suggest that many species in the Atlantic Forest are “living deads,” as despite their presence the available habitat no longer supports their requirements. It also suggests that there is a window of opportunity to restoring the domain to avert extinctions before they are realized. Current research and policy actions are geared toward optimizing restoration and increasing the extent of native forest cover, bringing hope to the conservation of this unique domain.

scholarly journals Ecological interactions between ocelots and sympatric mesocarnivores in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1634-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo L. Massara ◽  
Ana Maria O. Paschoal ◽  
Larissa L. Bailey ◽  
Paul F. Doherty ◽  
Adriano G. Chiarello
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Interactions

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Arguments Used in the Creation of Protected Areas of Sustainable Use in Brazil: A Case Study from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Roque ◽  
José Ferreira Neto ◽  
André Faria ◽  
Fernanda Ferreira ◽  
Thais Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Empirical Reality ◽  
The Creation

Studies on the effectiveness of the discourse motivating the creation of protected areas (PAs) and their empirical reality are scarce. The lack of knowledge in this area affects programs and policies on the maintenance and creation of protected areas. Thus, we investigated this matter using the case study of the Nascente Geraizeiras Sustainable Development Reserve (NGSDR) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The reserve comprises a transition area between Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest, two critical biomes in the world of biodiversity and the only two hotspots in Brazil. Changes in land use were identified over a period of 30 years, from 1987 to 2017, based on a compilation of the arguments associated with the creation of the PA, geographic information system (GIS) techniques, remote sensing (RS) data, and landscape ecology indices. Seven types of land use were identified using Random Forest classifier R software: native forest, silviculture, pasture, bare soil, rocky outcrop, watercourses, and agriculture. The overall mean accuracy of the classification was 90% for all five periods. The results demonstrated that the creation of protected areas is supported by contexts of land use still based on traditional. The case study showed the discourse served as a fundamental strategy in the beginning of the mobilization that culminated in the creation of the NGSDR, in the containment of forestry, in an increase in native forest areas, and in reduced fragmentation, leading to an improvement in the conservation status of the landscape. The present study encourages future researchers to apply the evaluated approach and demonstrates its potential in assessing the formulation of programs and policies on protected areas worldwide, providing valid indicators for the improvement of ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Hidden destruction of older forests threatens Brazil’s Atlantic Forest and challenges restoration programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. eabc4547
Author(s):  
Marcos R. Rosa ◽  
Pedro H. S. Brancalion ◽  
Renato Crouzeilles ◽  
Leandro R. Tambosi ◽  
Pedro R. Piffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Mechanized Agriculture

Understanding the dynamics of native forest loss and gain is critical for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services, especially in regions experiencing intense forest transformations. We quantified native forest cover dynamics on an annual basis from 1990 to 2017 in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest. Despite the relative stability of native forest cover during this period (~28 Mha), the ongoing loss of older native forests, mostly on flatter terrains, have been hidden by the increasing gain of younger native forest cover, mostly on marginal lands for mechanized agriculture. Changes in native forest cover and its spatial distribution increased forest isolation in 36.4% of the landscapes. The clearance of older forests associated with the recut of 27% of younger forests has resulted in a progressive rejuvenation of the native forest cover. We highlight the need to include native forest spatiotemporal dynamics into restoration programs to better estimate their expected benefits and unexpected problems.

scholarly journals Forest cover outside protected areas plays an important role in the conservation of the Vulnerable guiña Leopardus guigna

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gálvez ◽  
Felipe Hernández ◽  
Jerry Laker ◽  
Horacio Gilabert ◽  
Robert Petitpas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Remnant Forest ◽  
Leopardus Guigna

AbstractHabitat loss and fragmentation are affecting populations of forest dwelling mammalian carnivores worldwide. In southern Chile, a biodiversity hotspot, anthropogenic activities have resulted in high loss of native forest cover. The guiña, or kodkod cat, Leopardus guigna is a small forest-dwelling felid with a narrow range in the temperate forest of southern Chile. The few existing studies of the species have suggested that it is almost exclusively restricted to large tracts of native forest. This paper reports a study in the temperate forest within a fragmented Andean piedmont landscape which demonstrates that smaller forest fragments in the farmland matrix are playing a key role in the persistence of the guiña. We estimated occupancy in both continuous native forest and remnant forest fragments and, with single-species/single-season models, evaluated the extent to which forest cover, habitat type and proximity to protected areas have a modulating effect on occupancy. A continuous survey during 2008–2009, in three seasons of 90–100 days each, accumulated 6,200 camera trap days and returned 47 photographs of guiña. Total detection in fragments was higher than in continuous forests, with detection confirmed in almost 70% of studied fragments. We found that probability of a site being occupied significantly increased with forest cover (adult/secondary forest, scrubland) and probability was low (< 0.2) in sites with < 50% of surrounding forest cover. Our study highlights the importance of remnant forest fragments in the mosaic of extensive agriculture for the spatial dynamics of a guiña population and hence for the future conservation of the species.

scholarly journals Checklist of freshwater ichthyofauna from coastal streams of Juréia-Itatins reserve, southeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Da Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Francisco Manoel de Souza Braga
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coastal Streams ◽  
Brackish Water Species ◽  
Water Species

The Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station (JIES) is one of the few protected areas in the state of São Paulo, which harbor a significant portion of the Atlantic forest. Although there is high diversity and endemism of fish species in this region, knowledge of the ichthyofauna in JIES is incipient. A total of 4,809 specimens belonging to six orders, 15 families and 31 species were captured during April 2009 to February 2010, using electrofishing, gillnets and traps. The family Characidae was predominant, mainly due to the abundance of freshwater species such as Astyanax ribeirae, Mimagoniates microlepis, and Hollandichthys multifasciatus. Although the estuarine regions were rarely sampled in this study, six brackish water species were captured. In this study, nine species previously unknown from JIES were discovered. Five endangered fish species, endemic to the Atlantic forest, occur at JIES, thus the presence of protected areas, as a conservation measure, is particularly relevant.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Eptesicus chiriquinus Thomas, 1920 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with comments on the species’ distribution

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Marlon Zortéa ◽  
Felipe Sampaio Morais Zenha ◽  
Vinycio Araújo Carrijo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Forest Biome

This study provides a second recording of the bat Eptesicus chiriquinus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) for the Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil. A specimen was captured in a native forest near the Contas River in the District of Taboquinhas, municipality of Itacaré, in southern Bahia. In Brazil, this species had sparse known records, although it is previously considered endemic to the Amazon region and the States of Amazonas and Pará. Recently, this species was recorded in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. This present record extends over a 1000 km northeast distribution of this species in Brazil.

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