Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus among Close Contacts Exposed to H5N1 Cases, China, 2005–2008

A mixed-aged flock of 130 turkeys in Bangladesh reported the sudden death of 1 bird in September 2017. Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus was detected in 3 turkeys, and phylogenetic analysis placed the viruses in the reassortant clade 2.3.2.1a. The birds had clinical signs of depression, diarrhea, weakness, closed eyes, and finally death. The mortality rate of the flock was 13% over the 6 d prior to the flock being euthanized. At autopsy, we observed congestion in lungs and brain, hemorrhages in the trachea, pancreas, breast muscle, coronary fat, intestine, bursa of Fabricius, and kidneys. Histopathology revealed hemorrhagic pneumonia, hemorrhages in the liver and kidneys, and hemorrhages and necrosis in the spleen and pancreas. Significant changes in the brain included gliosis, focal encephalomalacia and encephalitis, and neuronophagia.

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Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus among Poultry Workers in Bangladesh, 2009

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0073200 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e73200 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sharifa Nasreen ◽

Salah Uddin Khan ◽

Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner ◽

Kathy Hancock ◽

Vic Veguilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Avian Influenza ◽

Influenza A ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Poultry Workers

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Mild Respiratory Illness Among Young Children Caused by Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Infection in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jix019 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 216 (suppl_4) ◽

pp. S520-S528 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Apurba Chakraborty ◽

Mahmudur Rahman ◽

M Jahangir Hossain ◽

Salah Uddin Khan ◽

M Sabbir Haider ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Young Children ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Influenza A ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Probable limited person-to-person transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in China.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1107091.563072 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Mike Toole

Keyword(s):

Avian Influenza ◽

Influenza A ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza

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Serological evidence of human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12916-020-01836-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xinhua Chen ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Shengjie Lai ◽

Juan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Influenza A ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Abstract Background Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus poses a global public health threat given severe and fatal zoonotic infections since 1997 and ongoing A(H5N1) virus circulation among poultry in several countries. A comprehensive assessment of the seroprevalence of A(H5N1) virus antibodies remains a gap and limits understanding of the true risk of A(H5N1) virus infection. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published serosurveys to assess the risk of subclinical and clinically mild A(H5N1) virus infections. We assessed A(H5N1) virus antibody titers and changes in titers among populations with variable exposures to different A(H5N1) viruses. Results Across studies using the World Health Organization-recommended seropositive definition, the point estimates of the seroprevalence of A(H5N1) virus-specific antibodies were higher in poultry-exposed populations (range 0–0.6%) and persons exposed to both human A(H5N1) cases and infected birds (range 0.4–1.8%) than in close contacts of A(H5N1) cases or the general population (none to very low frequencies). Seroprevalence was higher in persons exposed to A(H5N1) clade 0 virus (1.9%, range 0.7–3.2%) than in participants exposed to other clades of A(H5N1) virus (range 0–0.5%) (p < 0.05). Seroprevalence was higher in poultry-exposed populations (range 0–1.9%) if such studies utilized antigenically similar A(H5N1) virus antigens in assays to A(H5N1) viruses circulating among poultry. Conclusions These low seroprevalences suggest that subclinical and clinically mild human A(H5N1) virus infections are uncommon. Standardized serological survey and laboratory methods are needed to fully understand the extent and risk of human A(H5N1) virus infections.

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