Skin thickness as a potential marker of gestational age at birth despite different fetal growth profiles: A feasibility study

Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR), late-onset FGR, small for gestational age (SGA) and adequate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses and adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods This was a retrospective longitudinal study in which 4 groups were evaluated: 1 — early-onset FGR (before 32 weeks) (n = 20), 2 — late-onset FGR (at or after 32 weeks) (n = 113), 3 — SGA (n = 59), 4 — AGA (n = 476). The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to compare the time from the diagnosis of FGR to birth. Logistic regression was used to determine the best predictors of adverse perinatal outcomes in fetuses with FGR and SGA. Results A longer time between the diagnosis and birth was observed for AGA than for late FGR fetuses (p < 0.001). The model including the type of FGR and the gestational age at birth was significant in predicting the risk of hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) (p < 0.001). The model including only the type of FGR predicted the risk of needing neonatal resuscitation (p < 0.001), of respiratory distress (p < 0.001), and of birth at < 32, 34, and 37 weeks of gestation, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion Fetal growth restriction and SGA were associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The type of FGR at the moment of diagnosis was an independent variable to predict respiratory distress and the need for neonatal resuscitation. The model including both the type of FGR and the gestational age at birth predicted the risk of needing neonatal ICU hospitalization.

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135: Fetal growth trajectories in gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies and large for gestational age at birth

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.151 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 222 (1) ◽

pp. S102

Author(s):

Eran Ashwal ◽

Suraya Saied ◽

Nir Melamed ◽

Jon Barrett ◽

Karizma Mawjee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Growth Trajectories ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

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Uterine distention as a factor in birth timing: retrospective nationwide cohort study in Sweden

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022929 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e022929 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jonas Bacelis ◽

Julius Juodakis ◽

Kristina M Adams Waldorf ◽

Verena Sengpiel ◽

Louis J Muglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Height ◽

Birth Timing ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth ◽

Singleton Pregnancies

ObjectivesTo determine whether uterine distention is associated with human pregnancy duration in a non-invasive observational setting.DesignRetrospective cohort study modelling uterine distention by interaction between maternal height and uterine load.SettingThe study is based on the 1990–2013 population data from all delivery units in Sweden.ParticipantsUncomplicated first pregnancies of healthy Nordic-born mothers with spontaneous onset of labour. Pregnancies were classified as twin (n=2846) or singleton (n=527 868). Singleton pregnancies were further classified as carrying a large for gestational age fetus (LGA, n=24 286) or small for gestational age fetus (SGA, n=33 780).Outcome measuresStatistical interaction between maternal height and uterine load categories (twin vs singleton pregnancies, and LGA vs SGA singleton pregnancies), where the outcome is pregnancy duration.ResultsIn all models, statistically significant interaction was found. Mothers carrying twins had 2.9 times larger positive linear effect of maternal height on gestational age than mothers carrying singletons (interaction p=5e−14). Similarly, the effect of maternal height was strongly modulated by the fetal growth rate in singleton pregnancies: the effect size of maternal height on gestational age in LGA pregnancies was 2.1 times larger than that in SGA pregnancies (interaction p<1e−11). Preterm birth OR was 1.4 when the mother was short, and 2.8 when the fetus was extremely large for its gestational age; however, when both risk factors were present together, the OR for preterm birth was larger than expected, 10.2 (interaction p<0.0005).ConclusionsAcross all classes, maternal height was significantly associated with child’s gestational age at birth. Interestingly, in short-statured women with large uterine load (twins, LGA), spontaneous delivery occurred much earlier than expected. The interaction between maternal height, uterine load size and gestational age at birth strongly suggests the effect of uterine distention imposed by fetal growth on birth timing.

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Effect of Antenatal Corticosteroids on Fetal Growth and Gestational Age at Birth

Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1097/aog.0b013e31825189dc ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. 917-923 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Kellie E. Murphy ◽

Andrew R. Willan ◽

Mary E. Hannah ◽

Arne Ohlsson ◽

Edmond N. Kelly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Antenatal Corticosteroids ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

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Patterns of Fetal Growth Based on Ultrasound Measurement and its Relationship with Small for Gestational Age at Birth in Rural Vietnam

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology ◽

10.1111/ppe.12276 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 256-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Phuong Hong Nguyen ◽

O. Yaw Addo ◽

Melissa Young ◽

Ines Gonzalez-Casanova ◽

Hoa Pham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Ultrasound Measurement ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

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Preterm birth, low fetal growth and risk of suicide in adulthood: a national cohort and co-sibling study

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab038 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Casey Crump ◽

Jan Sundquist ◽

Kenneth S Kendler ◽

Alexis C Edwards ◽

Kristina Sundquist

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Suicide Death ◽

Increased Risk ◽

National Cohort ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

Abstract Background Adverse perinatal exposures have been associated with psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviours later in life. However, the independent associations of gestational age at birth or fetal growth with suicide death, potential sex-specific differences, and causality of these associations are unclear. Methods A national cohort study was conducted of all 2 440 518 singletons born in Sweden during 1973–98 who survived to age 18 years, who were followed up through 2016. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) for suicide death associated with gestational age at birth or fetal growth while mutually adjusting for these factors, sociodemographic characteristics and family history of suicide. Co-sibling analyses assessed the influence of unmeasured shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors. Results In 31.2 million person-years of follow-up, 4470 (0.2%) deaths by suicide were identified. Early preterm birth (22–33 weeks) was associated with an increased risk of suicide among females [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.97; 95% confidence interval CI), 1.29, 3.01; P = 0.002) but not males (0.90; 0.64, 1.28; P = 0.56), compared with full-term birth (39–41 weeks). Small for gestational age was associated with a modestly increased risk of suicide among females (adjusted HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.51; P = 0.005) and males (1.14; 1.03, 1.27; P = 0.02). However, these associations were attenuated and non-significant after controlling for shared familial factors. Conclusions In this large national cohort, preterm birth in females and low fetal growth in males and females were associated with increased risks of suicide death in adulthood. However, these associations appeared to be non-causal and related to shared genetic or prenatal environmental factors within families.

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