Family Biopsychosocial Characteristics on Stunting Events in Children in Stunting Locus Areas Tapalang Barat District

Background: Nutrition in the first five years of life is very important because at this time physical and brain development is most rapid. Nutrition at this time will affect future developments (Data, Information and Health, 2016). Anthropometric monitoring is also needed, as an initial screening of nutritional problems, including stunting and wasting, to facilitate interventions to be carried out to prevent long-term effects and the next stage in the toddler development cycle (Ramos, Dumith and César, 2015). The research method used in this study was case control, while the research was conducted from April to September 2020. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between biopsychosocial and stunting in children under five years in the stunting locus area, West Tapalang District. Method: This study uses a case control research design with the number of respondents each as many as 57 people. The sampling method used is total sampling Results: There is a statistical relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting. The p value is 0.01 with an OR value of 0.38. Meanwhile, maternal height has a p value of 0.84 (OR 1.08), family support has a p value of 0.49 (OR 0.49), exposure to cigarette smoke has a p value of 0.09 (OR 0.31) and socioeconomic has no statistical relationship. Conclusion: There is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting. Meanwhile, maternal height, family support, and exposure to cigarette smoke did not show a statistical relationship with the incidence of stunting Key words: Stunting, Toddler, psychosocial.

Determinan kejadian stunting di Puskesmas Alue Bilie Kabupaten Nagan Raya

Background: Stunting is condition a child's nutritional status that is not ideal which can Stunting is state of nutritional status children who are not ideal that can inhibit growth and development. Stunting events are influenced by various factors, namely birth length, exclusive breastfeeding history, family income, maternal education, maternal height nutrition knowledge, parity and parenting.Objective: Purpose this study is find the determinant stunting events in Alue Bilie Health Center of Nagan Raya Regency of Aceh Province.Method: The research design used is an observational comparative study with a case control approach. The population of this research is all mothers who have toddlers in Kuta Trieng Village. The number of samples is that all mothers have stunting toddlers as many as 42 people and toddlers who do not suffer from stunting as many as 42 people. Data was collected by interview using a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of TB and age. Height using microtoise. Stunting was processed based on PMK no 2 of 2020. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistics Regression at a significance level of 95%.Results: Based on the results of the study found that there a relationship of exclusive breast milk history with stunting (ρ= 0.000), there a relationship of maternal nutritional knowledge with stunting (ρ= 0.000), there a income relationship with stunting (ρ= 0.024), there a relationship of maternal education with stunting (ρ= 0.034), exist parity relationship with stunting (ρ= 0.000), there a relationship of maternal height with stunting (ρ= 0.000) and there a parenting relationship with stunting (ρ= 0.003). Determinant factors that most affected stunting incidence were maternal height with an OR score of 24.8Conclusion: Factors that have a relationship with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the work area of the Alue Bilie Health Center, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh Province, namely the mother's education level, parity, exclusive breastfeeding, mother's level of knowledge, family income, mother's height and parenting patterns. The main determinant factors are parity, knowledge and maternal height.

Effect of maternal height on the risk of caesarean section in singleton births: evidence from a large-scale survey in India

ObjectiveThis study examines the association of maternal height with caesarean section (CS) in India. It is hypothesised that maternal height has no significant effect on the risk of undergoing caesarean section.DesignA cross-sectional study based on a nationally representative large-scale survey data (National Family Health Survey-4), conducted in 2015–2016.Setting and participantsAnalysis is based on 125 936 women age 15–49 years, having singleton live births. Logistic regression has been performed to determine the contribution of maternal height to the ORs of CS birth, adjusting for other exposures. Restricted cubic spline was used as a smooth function to model the non-linear relationship between height and CS. Height data were decomposed using the restricted cubic spline with five knots located at the 5th, 27.5th, 50th, 72.5th and 95th, percentiles.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe main outcome variable of interest in the study is CS. Maternal height is the key explanatory variable. Other explanatory variables are age, parity, sex of child, birth weight, wealth index, place of residence, place of child delivery and household health insurance status.ResultsThe results reveal that the odds of undergoing CS significantly decrease with increase in maternal heights. Mothers with a height of 120 cm (adjusted OR (AOR): 5.08; 95% CI 3.83 to 6.74) were five times more likely, while mothers with height of 180 cm were 23% less likely (AOR: 0.77; 95% CI 0.62 to 0.95) to undergo CS as compared with mothers with height of 150 cm.ConclusionsShorter maternal height is linked to a higher risk of CS. Our findings could be used to argue for policies that target stunting in infant girls and avoid unnecessary CS, as there is potential effect on growth during adolescence and early adulthood, with the goal to increase their adult heights, thereby lowering their risk of CS and adverse delivery outcomes.

Trends of Stunting Prevalence and Its Associated Factors among Nigerian Children Aged 0–59 Months Residing in the Northern Nigeria, 2008–2018

Every year in Nigeria, malnutrition contributes to more than 33% of the deaths of children below 5 years, and these deaths mostly occur in the northern geopolitical zones (NGZs), where nearly 50% of all children below 5 years are stunted. This study examined the trends in the prevalence of stunting and its associated factors among children aged 0–23 months, 24–59 months and 0–59 months in the NGZs. The data of 33,682 recent live births in the NGZs, extracted from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys from 2008 to 2018, were used to investigate the factors associated with stunting using multilevel logistic regression. Children aged 24–59 months reported the highest prevalence of stunting, with 53.3% (95% confidence interval: 52.0–54.6%). Multivariable analyses revealed four common factors that increased the odds of a child’s stunting across all age subgroups: poor households, geopolitical zone (northwest or northeast), being a male and maternal height (<145 cm). Interventional strategies focused on poverty mitigation through cash transfer and educating low socioeconomic mothers on the benefits of gender-neutral supplementary feeding and the timely monitoring of the offspring of short mothers would substantially reduce stunting across all age subgroups in the NGZs.

RISK FACTORS OF STUNTING EVENTS IN TODDLERS AGED 24-59 MONTHS

Background: Stunting is one priority problem in Indonesia. The incidence of stunting in toddlers at the Tambak Wedi Public Health Center Surabaya in 2015 and 2016 were 31.3% and 33%, respectively. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in Tambak Wedi Health Center Surabaya. Method: This observational analytic research used cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 220 and the sample size was 110 mothers and toddlers. Samples were selected by proportional cluster random sampling from the population of 220 pairs mothers and toddlers. Independent variables of the mothers include height, upper arm circumference, frequency of ANC visits, weight gain during pregnancy, meanwhile of the toddlers included birth length and birth weight. The dependent variable was stunting. Statistical analysis used chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests. Results: There were 100 pairs of mother and toddlers in the study. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal height (p = 0.025, RR = 0.406), frequency of ANC visits (p = 0.017, RR = 0.382), increase in maternal weight during pregnancy (p = 0.017, RR = 0.328), the baby’s birth length (p = <0.001, RR = 0.256), and the baby's birth weight (p = <0.001, RR = 0.208) with stunting. Multivariate analysis showed maternal height and ANC visit as the significant risk factors of stunting. Conclusion: Maternal height and the frequency of ANC visits were the risk factors for stunting among toddlers aged 24-59 months in Tambak Wedi Public Health Center in Surabaya.

Determinants of Stunting in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Glagah Sub-District, Indonesia

Background: According to basic health research in Indonesia from 2018, the national prevalence of stunting among children under five is 30.80%. Half of the ten highest-priority villages for national stunting interventions in the Lamongan District are located in Glagah Sub-district. Purpose: This study aimed to identify the determinants of stunting in children aged 6 to 59 months in the Muslim population in the Glagah Sub-district, Lamongan District, 2019. Methods: The design of this study was an analytic observational case-control. The population was mothers with children aged 6 to 59 months in Glagah Sub-district. The samples comprised 44 cases and 88 controls. They were paired with matching variables, including gender and clean water sources. Cluster sampling techniques and probability proportional to the size sampling method were utilized to calculate the sample size for each cluster. Data collection was carried out using a modified research questionnaire. Research was carried out in June–July 2019. Bivariate analysis was performed with chi-square and independent t-tests at the significance level α= 0.05. Results: The factors found to be related to stunting were bodyweight at birth (p-value 0.01; eta2 0.09), protein intake (p-value 0.01; eta2 0.12), energy intake (p-value 0.01; eta2 0.19), maternal height (p-value 0.01; eta2 0,08), and parenting pattern (p-value 0.03; ORpermissive 3.33, ORmoderate 1.69). Conclusion: Determinants associated with stunting were bodyweight at birth, protein and energy intake, maternal height, and parenting pattern. Integrated Service Post officers can provide education and workshops on good parenting patterns to parents of toddlers.

839A novel approach to investigating poor growth in a longitudinal study of infants in PNG

Background Children in Papua New Guinea (PNG) experience high rates of malnutrition and poor growth - nearly half of children under 5 are stunted and 16% wasted. Methods We investigated predictors of infant growth over the first year of life using longitudinal data from mothers and infants in PNG. Between 2015 and 2018, 699 pregnant women were enrolled. At delivery, one, 6- and 12-months post-partum blood samples and anthropometric measurements were taken from mothers and infants. Using structural equation modelling with full information maximum likelihood, multivariate latent growth curve (LGC) modelling for infant weight and length (i.e. simultaneous estimation) was undertaken, and maternal factors that influenced growth investigated. Results A quadratic function for growth (weight and height) was estimated. Boys were larger at birth (49cm, 3.2kg vs. 48cm, 3.0kg; Wald χ2(2) =15.3, p&lt;0.001) and gained more weight and length monthly (Wald χ2(4) =68.4, p&lt;0.001). Maternal height, MUAC and number of antenatal healthcare visits were associated with birth weight and length, but not growth. Maternal nutrition and infections, breastfeeding and complementary feeding were not associated with birth size or growth. Conclusions Maternal height and MUAC and antenatal healthcare were associated with birth size and no maternal factors were associated with growth. Prenatal interventions to improve postnatal infant growth may be challenging in this environment Key messages Compared to conventional LGC analysis, multivariate LGC modelling using SEM provides less biased estimates of infant growth and factors associated with growth, particularly in the presence of missing data and infant-specific weight and height heterogeneity.