scholarly journals Which oak provenances for the 22nd century in Western Europe? Dendroclimatology in common gardens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234583
Author(s):  
Didier Bert ◽  
François Lebourgeois ◽  
Stéphane Ponton ◽  
Brigitte Musch ◽  
Alexis Ducousso
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 386-401
Author(s):  
R. Mimokhod ◽  
◽  
A. Usachuk ◽  
A. Verbovskii ◽  
◽  
...  

This paper is devoted to analysis of a rare category of artefacts — stone bars with two constrictions which present distinct cultural and chronological markers. In Eastern Europe these bars are known only among materials of the Dnieper-Don and Volga-Don Babino cultures; the time of their use is limited to within the 22nd century cal BC corresponding to the upper boundary of the period of their occurrence in the Near East, Central and Western Europe in the BzA1 period. Their functional purpose was to serve as protective mounts on the forearm of an archer preserving from the shock of the bow string. Analysis of the arrangement of the protective mounts in burials allows us to define three cases of their everyday use: noncombat, prior-combat and fighting situations. Experimental simulation has shown that the protective mount was fixed by means of a leather oversleeve with a lacing.


Author(s):  
Raphael Georg Kiesewetter ◽  
Robert Muller

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
A. Speckhard

SummaryAs a terror tactic, suicide terrorism is one of the most lethal as it relies on a human being to deliver and detonate the device. Suicide terrorism is not confined to a single region or religion. On the contrary, it has a global appeal, and in countries such as Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan it has come to represent an almost daily reality as it has become the weapon of choice for some of the most dreaded terrorist organizations in the world, such as ISIS and al-Qaeda. Drawing on over two decades of extensive field research in five distinct world regions, specifically the Middle East, Western Europe, North America, Russia, and the Balkans, the author discusses the origins of modern day suicide terrorism, motivational factors behind suicide terrorism, its global migration, and its appeal to modern-day terrorist groups to embrace it as a tactic.


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