Application of the cluster analysis for assessing the savings and investment potential of the population of the siberian federal district

The article presents a multidimensional cluster analysis of the regions of the Siberian Federal Level by the level of savings and investment potential of the population. Clustering was carried out using the ACC Statistica based on the joint use of hierarchical and non-hierarchical algorithms. This approach made it possible to increase the reliability of dividing the regions of the district into homogeneous groups. As a result, the heterogeneity of the regions of the Siberian Federal District in terms of the studied potential is revealed. Three clusters with a high, medium and low level of savings and investment potential of the population were obtained. Each resulting cluster provides a tool for making effective decisions at the level of both a single region and the district as a whole. The analysis made it possible to analyze the current state and trends in the development of the level of savings and investment potential of the population in the Siberian Federal District. And also to find out the reasons for the low level of the investigated potential.

Have You Heard That—“GOSSIP”? Gossip Spreads Rapidly and Influences Broadly

This study examines the impact of negative workplace gossip (NWG) on employee political acts (PA) and the role of ego depletion (ED) as a mediator. We also examined the indirect impact of NWG on PA through ED controlled by emotional intelligence (EI). A three-wave time-lagged study (paper-pencil based) was performed with 277 employees from various private organisations in Islamabad, Pakistan. The current data were gathered in three phases to reduce common method bias. Study results indicate that NWG positively affects employees’ PA. The authors also found ED as a potential mediator in the association between NWG and PA. In addition, the results also indicate the indirect effect of NWG on targets’ PA via ED is reduced by targets’ EI, with the result that this connection is weak when targets’ EI is high. Because this research is limited to a single region of Pakistan, particularly Islamabad, its findings cannot be comprehensive. Future studies should use a larger sample size to accomplish the same study. Future studies may include more organisations (that is, Public) to conduct a comparative analysis of the public and private sectors. This article, based on the affective events theory (AET), argues that EI should be utilised to mitigate the effects of NWG. Along with our significant and relevant theoretical contributions, we provide novel insights into the body of knowledge on how managers may prevent or minimise such PA. The current study results support all direct and indirect hypothesised connections, with important implications for theory and practice. A review of the existing literature indicates that EI may be associated with a reduction in employees’ ED; however, EI has not been used as a moderator in mitigating the influence of NWG, ED, and PA in the past.

Diversity and endemism of the flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea: state of knowledge and future perspectives

Understanding biodiversity of plants depends on detailed knowledge of floristics and environmental parameters. According to the Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (FEE; 1989–2009), the latest academic flora of these two topographically complex countries, the number of taxa (including non-indigenous ones) is 6027 of which 647 are endemic. Since 2009, 56 indigenous taxa have been described from the FEE area. Based on FEE data and later information, the number of indigenous species is here counted at 5219. In the RAINBIO database Sosef et al. (BMC Biol 15:1–23, 2017) counted the number of indigenous species in Ethiopia at 4481 (Eritrea not counted). Studies of local diversity and endemism produce different results with varying methods and sources: FEE data show highest diversity in the southern part of Ethiopia near the borders with Kenya, while RAINBIO data show highest diversity in the south-west and around the town of Harar. Wang et al. (J Syst Evol 58(1):33–42, 2020) found the highest ‘weighted endemism’ in the central Ethiopian mountains, while our FEE data indicates highest single-region endemism near the borders with Kenya and Somalia; Hawthorne and Marshall (Gard Bull Singap 71(Suppl. 2):315–333, 2019), weighting species according to rarity, found the highest ‘bioquality score’ in the same areas as our highest single-region endemism. Studies of altitudinal diversity show a ‘mid-elevation diversity bulge’ at 1400–2100 m a.s.l. More data are needed before we understand the complex diversity of the two countries, including altitudinal diversity. We review needs for additional data gathering and modelling that may help answering outstanding questions. Graphic abstract

New Simulation Method for Dependency of Device Degradation on Bending Direction and Channel Length

The dependency of device degradation on bending direction and channel length is analyzed in terms of bandgap states in amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) films. The strain distribution in an a-IGZO film under perpendicular and parallel bending of a device with various channel lengths is investigated by conducting a three-dimensional mechanical simulation. Based on the obtained strain distribution, new device simulation structures are suggested in which the active layer is defined as consisting of multiple regions. The different arrangements of a highly strained region and density of states is proportional to the strain account for the measurement tendency. The analysis performed using the proposed structures reveals the causes underlying the effects of different bending directions and channel lengths, which cannot be explained using the existing simulation methods in which the active layer is defined as a single region.

Do Restrictive Land Use Regulations Make Housing More Expensive Everywhere?

This study makes three contributions to the debate over the effect of local land use regulations on housing prices and affordability. First, it is more geographically extensive than previous studies, encompassing 336 of the nation's 384 metropolitan areas. Second, it looks at multiple measures of regulatory stringency, not just one. Most prior studies have focused either on a single regulatory measure or index across multiple metropolitan areas, or multiple regulatory measures in a single region. Third, this paper considers the connection between regulatory stringency and housing values as a function of employment growth and per-worker payroll levels. We find that restrictive land use regulations do indeed have a pervasive effect on local home values and rents, and that these effects are magnified in faster-growing and more prosperous economies. We also find more restrictive land use regulations are not associated with faster rates of recent home value or rent growth, and that their effects on housing construction levels—that is, the degree to which they constrain supply—is uneven among different housing markets.

From Centralized Protection to Distributed Edge Collaboration: A Location Difference-Based Privacy-Preserving Framework for Mobile Crowdsensing

Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS) has evolved into an effective and valuable paradigm to engage mobile users to sense and collect urban-scale information. However, users risk their location privacy while reporting data with actual sensing locations. Existing works of location privacy-preserving are primarily based on single-region location information, which rely on a trusted and centralized sensing platform and ignore the impact of regional differences on user privacy-preserving demands. To tackle this issue, we propose a Location Difference-Based Privacy-Preserving Framework (LDPF), leveraging the powerful edge servers deployed between users and the sensing platform to hide and manage users according to regional user characteristics. More specifically, for popular regions, based on the edge servers and the k-anonymity algorithm, we propose a Coordinate Transformation and Bit Commitment (CTBC) privacy-preserving method that effectively guarantees the privacy of location data without relying on a trusted sensing platform. For remote regions, based on a more realistic distance calculation mode, we design a Paillier Encryption Data Coding (PDC) privacy-preserving method that realizes the secure computation for users’ location and prevents malicious users from deceiving. The theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the security and efficiency of the proposed framework in location difference-based privacy-preserving.

An analysis of deaths in two wheeler accidents among autopsied cases: Five year retrospective study

Road traffic accidents have become a major public health issue causing fatality and disabilities affecting and impacting the socio-economic development, an examination of the profiles of two-wheeler road traffic accidental injuries and a detailed forensic analysis is needed to reduce fatality and life altering disabilities. In our present study done during a study period of 5 years from 2015 to 2019 the total number of autopsies reported to the mortuary was 930 cases, of which 233 deaths were due to two wheeler accidents. Male victims predominated (217) amounting to 93.1% when compared with female victims in a ratio of 13.5 : 1 and 70.0% (163) of the victims were from rural areas. The cause of death in majority of cases was head injury in 157 (67.4%) cases. Fatal injuries were confined to a single region in 168 (72.1%) cases and to multiple regions in 65 (27.9%) cases. Skull fractures were noted in 148 cases with 70 cases of fissure fracture on calvaria alone and 30 cases of comminuted fracture. Haemorrhages were predominantly of subdural type in 160 cases, and subarachnoid type in 152 cases. About, 56.7% victims died in collision with 4 wheelers, 13.3% in collision with two wheelers, 15.0% due to collision with pedestrian, 2.1% victims died due to collision with 3 wheelers. Driver clothes with fluorescent marks, day-time running lights for two wheelers and helmets in white or mild colors are suggested for easy noticability and to prevent collisions.

The Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform: IEEM Platform Technical Guides: User Guide for the IEEM-enhanced Land Use Land Cover Change Model Dyna-CLUE

The Conversion of Land Use and its Effects modeling framework (CLUE) was developed to simulate land use change using empirically quantified relations between land use and its driving factors in combination with dynamic modeling of competition between land use types. Being one of the most widely used spatial land use models, CLUE has been applied all over the world on different scales. In this document, we demonstrate how the model can be used to develop a multi-regional application. This means, that instead of developing numerous individual models, the user only prepares one CLUE model application, which then allocates land use change across different regions. This facilitates integration with the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform for subnational assessments and increases the efficiency of the IEEM and Ecosystem Services Modeling (IEEMESM) workflow. Multi-regional modelling is particularly useful in larger and diverse countries, where we can expect different spatial distributions in land use changes in different regions: regions of different levels of achieved socio-economic development, regions with different topographies (flat vs. mountainous), or different climatic regions (dry vs humid) within a same country. Accounting for such regional differences also facilitates developing ecosystem services models that consider region specific biophysical characteristics. This manual, and the data that is provided with it, demonstrates multi-regional land use change modeling using the country of Colombia as an example. The user will learn how to prepare the data for the model application, and how the multi-regional run differs from a single-region simulation.

Extended Roles in Primary Care When Physiotherapist-Initiated Referral to X-Ray Can Save Time and Reduce Costs

ABSTRACT Background We evaluated an extended role for the physiotherapist in primary care in referring patients to plain X-ray. Methods This prospective cohort study was set in a single region in Sweden. It included 20 physiotherapists who were educated in a one-day training in performing referral to X-ray, along with 107 patients with musculoskeletal disorders who were referred to X-ray. We evaluated that referral quality, patient and physiotherapist satisfaction, and calculated health care and patient costs. Results All referrals fulfilled the basic requirements of quality, and 78% were classified as good, fulfilling all criteria. Both patients and physiotherapists were satisfied with the extended role for the physiotherapist that decreased waiting time to diagnosis and to adequate treatment. Costs were reduced for patients (by €53/patient) and health care (by €6286.2/107 patients). The cost to visit a physician was twice that of a physiotherapist visit. Conclusions An extended role for physiotherapists in primary care in referring patients to X-ray was effective and safe for patients and reduced costs for patients and for health care. Physiotherapists in primary care were able to refer patients to X-ray after one day of training, and the extended role freed up 45 minutes of physician time for each patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in need of an X-ray.

“Balkans” in Russian Encyclopedic Dictionaries of First Half of 19th Century

The ways of representing the Balkan Peninsula that existed in Russia in the first half of the 19th century are analyzed in the article. The sources for the study were encyclopedic dictionaries of the first half of the 19th century. (A.A. Plyushar, L.I. Zeddeler, A.V. Starchevsky), as well as an unpublished work by I.P. Liprandi “The Experience of the Word Interpreter of the Ottoman Empire”. The author argues that for a long time the Balkan Peninsula was not perceived as a single region with a set of historically deter-mined features. Arguments are presented confirming that certain areas of the peninsula were elements of different discourses. The relationship between the choice of a particular register of descriptions by the authors of the dictionaries and the political affiliation of the described regions of the Balkan Peninsula is shown. The relationship between the choice of a particular register of descriptions by the authors of the dictionaries and the political affiliation of the described regions of the Balkan Peninsula is shown. A special attitude of the authors of encyclopedias to Serbia and Greece, the newly formed states on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula, has been established. Examples are given that show the duality of their images in the Russian narrative in the first half of the 19th century.