scholarly journals Temporal patterns of roe deer traffic accidents: Effects of season, daytime and lunar phase

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0249082
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Steiner ◽  
Eva Maria Schöll ◽  
Friedrich Leisch ◽  
Klaus Hackländer
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Lunar Phase ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Lunar Phases ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

Wildlife-related accidents, especially deer-vehicle accidents, pose a serious problem for road safety and animal protection in many countries. Knowledge of spatial and temporal patterns of deer-vehicle accidents is inevitable for accident analysis and mitigation efforts with temporal deer-vehicle accident data being much more difficult to obtain in sufficient data quality. We described the temporal patterns of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) roadkills occurring in the period 2002–2006 in southeastern Austria. Using a comprehensive dataset, consisting of 11.771 data points, we examined the influence of different time units (i.e. season, month, day of week, day of year), illumination categories (coarse and fine temporal resolution) and lunar phases on deer-vehicle accidents by performing linear and generalized additive models. Thereby, we identified peak accident periods within the analyzed time units. Highest frequencies of deer-vehicle accidents occurred in November, May and October, on Fridays, and during nights. Relationships between lunar phases and roe deer-vehicle accidents were analysed, providing evidence for high frequencies of deer-vehicle accidents during full moon phases. We suggest that deer-vehicle accidents are dependent both on human activity in traffic and wildlife activity, which is in turn affected by phenology, intra- and interspecific competition, climatic and astronomical events. Our results highlight, that short-term mitigation measures (e.g. traffic controls and speed limits) can be highly effective to reduce deer-vehicle accidents, but should be flexibly adapted to specific temporal periods.

scholarly journals Temporal Patterns of Vehicle Collisions with Roe Deer and Wild Boar in the Dinaric Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joso Vrkljan ◽  
Dubravka Hozjan ◽  
Danijela Barić ◽  
Damir Ugarković ◽  
Krešimir Krapinec
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Lunar Phase ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Vehicle Collisions

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVC) based on the animal species, and to deepen the knowledge of temporal patterns of vehicle collisions with roe deer and wild boar. The study analyses the data from police reports on vehicle collisions with animals on state roads, by date and time, section of road, and animal species over a 5-year period (2012–2016). These data were analysed to determine the temporal dynamics of vehicle collisions with roe deer and wild boar by month, time of day, and moon phase. On the state roads in the Dinaric area, roe deer are most commonly involved in vehicle collisions (70.1% of all collisions), followed by wild boar (11.0%). Other large species involved in collisions were fallow deer (4.8%), brown bear (1.8%), red deer (0.9%), grey wolf (0.7%), and European mouflon (0.5%), respectively. Most collisions with roe deer occurred in the period April–August, with reduced frequency during autumn and winter. For wild boar, there was no association between month and frequency of collisions. At the annual level, collisions with roe deer were significantly higher during night (37%) and twilight (41%) than during the day (22%). For wild boar, most collisions occurred during twilight (26%) and night (72%), although the difference between these two periods was not statistically significant. For roe deer, collisions had no association with lunar phase, though wild boar collisions during twilight (dawn or dusk) were more common during twilight periods on days with less moonlight. Since vehicle collisions with wildlife showed certain temporal patterns, these should be taken into consideration in developing statistical models of spatial WVC patterns, and also in planning strategies and countermeasures to mitigate WVC issues.

scholarly journals TEMPORAL STATISTIC OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY

2015 ◽  
Vol II-2/W2 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
S. Erdogan ◽  
M. Yalcin ◽  
M. Yilmaz ◽  
A. Korkmaz Takim
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Traffic accidents form clusters in terms of geographic space and over time which themselves exhibit distinct spatial and temporal patterns. There is an imperative need to understand how, where and when traffic accidents occur in order to develop appropriate accident reduction strategies. An improved understanding of the location, time and reasons for traffic accidents makes a significant contribution to preventing them. Traffic accident occurrences have been extensively studied from different spatial and temporal points of view using a variety of methodological approaches. In literature, less research has been dedicated to the temporal patterns of traffic accidents. In this paper, the numbers of traffic accidents are normalized according to the traffic volume and the distribution and fluctuation of these accidents is examined in terms of Islamic time intervals. The daily activities and worship of Muslims are arranged according to these time intervals that are spaced fairly throughout the day according to the position of the sun. The Islamic time intervals are never been used before to identify the critical hour for traffic accidents in the world. The results show that the sunrise is the critical time that acts as a threshold in the rate of traffic accidents throughout Turkey in Islamic time intervals.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF GROUNDWATER ELEVATION AND SALINITY ON ASSATEAGUE ISLAND

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Coffey ◽  
◽  
Hannah Sprinkle ◽  
Eric Sherry ◽  
Brian Sturgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Assateague Island

THE NEW RADIOCARBON DATASET FOR TRILITH MONUMENTS OF SOUTHEASTERN ARABIA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
R Garba ◽  
P Demján ◽  
I Svetlik ◽  
D Dreslerová
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Coastal Plains ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Stone Monuments ◽  
South Central ◽  
Geographical Expansion ◽  
Spatio Temporal

ABSTRACT Triliths are megalithic monuments scattered across the coastal plains of southern and southeastern Arabia. They consist of aligned standing stones with a parallel row of large hearths and form a space, the meaning of which is undoubtedly significant but nonetheless still unknown. This paper presents a new radiocarbon (14C) dataset acquired during the two field seasons 2018–2019 of the TSMO (Trilith Stone Monuments of Oman) project which investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of the triliths. The excavation and sampling of trilith hearths across Oman yielded a dataset of 30 new 14C dates, extending the use of trilith monuments to as early as the Iron Age III period (600–300 BC). The earlier dates are linked to two-phase trilith sites in south-central Oman. The three 14C pairs collected from the two-phase trilith sites indicated gaps between the trilith construction phases from 35 to 475 years (2 σ). The preliminary spatio-temporal analysis shows the geographical expansion of populations using trilith monuments during the 5th to 1st century BC and a later pull back in the 1st and 2nd century AD. The new 14C dataset for trilith sites will help towards a better understanding of Iron Age communities in southeastern Arabia.

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