scholarly journals Protocol: Prospective observational study aiming for micro-elimination of hepatitis C virus in Nagawa town: The Nagawa Project

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256711
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kobayashi ◽  
Satoru Joshita ◽  
Yuki Akahane ◽  
Katsuhiko Matsuzaki ◽  
Hiromi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Health Organization

Background The World Health Organization has set a goal of hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination by the year 2030. However, no regions in Japan have succeeded in eradicating HCV. Micro-elimination is an approach to attain hepatitis C eradication in which national eradication goals are applied to specific populations so that viral treatment and control efforts can move forward quickly and efficiently. In order to eradicate HCV from Japan, this study aims to achieve HCV micro-elimination in the town of Nagawa. Methods and design The Nagawa Project is an ongoing, prospective, multiple-institution, observational study running from April 1, 2021, to March 31, 2024. All residents of Nagawa town, excluding those under 20 years of age, not consenting to the study, or unable to undergo health check-ups due to nursing care needs, will be included. If found to be HCV antibody-positive, the participant will be recommended to see a doctor in consideration of MAC-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer values. Then, the participant will undergo serum HCV RNA measurement with the real-time polymerase chain reaction by an attending physician. If the participant is HCV RNA-positive, he or she will be referred to a hepatologist for further evaluation. In the case of a definitive diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C, direct acting antiviral treatment will be initiated. Through this process, HCV will be systematically micro-eliminated from the region. Discussion The Nagawa Project will reveal the prevalence of chronic HCV in addition to the HCV eradication rate in Nagawa town towards achieving HCV micro-elimination. Trial registration This study is performed by Shinshu University School of Medicine and was registered as UMIN 000044114 on May 6, 2021.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Village in Northeastern Romania—A Population-Based Screening—The First Step to Viral Micro-Elimination

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 651
Author(s):  
Laura Huiban ◽  
Carol Stanciu ◽  
Cristina Maria Muzica ◽  
Tudor Cuciureanu ◽  
Stefan Chiriac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Virus Eradication ◽  
Tertiary Center

(1) Background: The World Health Organization adopted a strategy for the Global Health Sector on Viral Hepatitis in 2016, with the main objective of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HCV infection and risk factors in a Romanian village using population-based screening as part of the global C virus eradication program. (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective study from March 2019 to February 2020, based on a strategy as part of a project designed to educate, screen, treat and eliminate HCV infection in all adults in a village located in Northeastern Romania. (3) Results: In total, 3507 subjects were invited to be screened by rapid diagnostic orientation tests (RDOT). Overall, 2945 (84%) subjects were tested, out of whom 78 (2.64%) were found to have positive HCV antibodies and were scheduled for further evaluation in a tertiary center of gastroenterology/hepatology in order to be linked to care. In total, 66 (85%) subjects presented for evaluation and 55 (83%) had detectable HCV RNA. Of these, 54 (98%) completed antiviral treatment and 53 (99%) obtained a sustained virological response. (4) Conclusions: The elimination of hepatitis C worldwide has a higher chance of success if micro-elimination strategies based on mass screening are adopted.

scholarly journals Simplification of Care for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 392-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Pawlotsky ◽  
Christian B. Ramers ◽  
John F. Dillon ◽  
Jordan J. Feld ◽  
Jeffrey V. Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Direct Acting

AbstractIn 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) set a target for eliminating viral hepatitis as a major public health threat by 2030. However, while today's highly effective and well-tolerated pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral regimens have maximized simplification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, there remain a plethora of barriers to HCV screening, diagnosis, and linkage to care. As of 2017, only 19% of the estimated 71 million individuals living with chronic HCV worldwide were diagnosed and in 2015 to 2016, only 21% of diagnosed individuals had accessed treatment. Simplification and decentralization of the HCV care cascade would bolster patient engagement and support the considerable scale-up needed to achieve WHO targets. Recent developments in HCV screening and diagnosis, together with reduced pretreatment assessment and on-treatment monitoring requirements, can further streamline the care continuum, ensuring patients are linked to care quickly and earlier in the disease course, and minimize clinic visits.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Clearance after Discontinuation of Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2a Monotherapy in a Child

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Takeshi Endo ◽  
Koichi Ito ◽  
Tokio Sugiura ◽  
Kenji Goto
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Interferon Alpha ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Pegylated Interferon Alpha ◽  
Present Patient

The present patient was a 4-year-old boy. His hepatitis C virus genotype was 2a, and his viral load was high (1400,000 U/mL). The pretreatment liver biopsy revealed no fibrosis or malignancy and mild chronic hepatitis; his Knodell's histological activity (HAI) score was 4. Single nucleotide polymorphism of IL28B (rs8099917) was major type. The patient began antiviral treatment with pegylated interferon alpha 2a (90 μg/week). At week 9, serum HCV RNA became undetectable, with a sensitivity of 50 copies/mL. Antiviral treatment was discontinued at week 11 because the ALT level increased to 610 U/L. After discontinuation of therapy, the patient’s serum HCV RNA status became positive again. The serum viral load increased to 100,000 U/mL. During this period, he had been observed without medication. Sixteen months after stopping treatment, serum HCV became undetectable. Over a 4-year period, HCV RNA became negative and his anti-HCV antibody titer gradually decreased. In conclusion, though antiviral therapy resulted in failure or incomplete therapy, a reduced viral load resulted in viral clearance in the present patient. Interleukin 28B genotype might have association with the clearance of hepatitis C virus after discontinuation of antiviral therapy.

Changes in Serum Level of Autotaxin with Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Mohamed Hussein Abdelwahab ◽  
Shereen Abou Bakr Saleh ◽  
Ghada Abdelrahman Ahmed ◽  
Asmaa Mady Gomaa Mady
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus virus is global health burden and major health hazard in Egypt, since the virus is the etiological factor of chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for approximately 15%-20% cases of acute hepatitis. After acute infection, around 50% to 80% of HCV patients will develop chronic infection. Approximately, HCV infects 170 million individuals worldwide). Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients are at high risk to develop lifethreatening complications, including cirrhosis in 20% of cases and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives The aim of this study was to validate Changes in serum level of autotaxin in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and after antiviral treatment. Patients and methods This study was designed as a prospective observational cohort study to evaluate Changes in serum levels of autotaxin with direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C before (baseline) and after (sustained virologic response week 12) treatment. This prospective study was conducted on 48 chronic HCV infected patients eligible for antiviral treatment with direct acting antivirals, agreeable to regular follow up, recruited from Hepatology and virology outpatient clinic at DMNI (Damanhour Medical National Institute) during the period from September 2018 till Mars 2019. Results This study showed that Autotaxin level significantly decreased from baseline to 12 weeks post-treatment. ATX therefore represents a novel non-invasive biomarker for liver fibrosis and a prognostic indicator of disease activity. Conclusion Serum Autotaxin was found to be higher in chronic hepatitis c and ATX levels became significantly decreased from baseline to 12 weeks post-treatment with direct acting antiviral drugs in patients achieving a SVR.

scholarly journals Successful direct-acting antiviral treatment of three patients with genotype 2/1 recombinant hepatitis C virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Masako Okada ◽  
Hoang Hai ◽  
Akihiro Tamori ◽  
Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi ◽  
Masaru Enomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Recombinant Hepatitis ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Direct Acting

scholarly journals Genotype Dependence of Hepatitis C Virus Load Measurement in Commercially Available Quantitative Assays

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 2525-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Mellor ◽  
Anna Hawkins ◽  
Peter Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Rna Transcripts ◽  
Relative Quantitation ◽  
Version 2.0

Standardization and genotype independence of methods used to quantify hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in clinical specimens are necessary for accurate assessment of the role of HCV quantitation as a prognostic marker for HCV infection and monitoring of the response to antiviral treatment. Commercially available methods used to measure HCV loads include PCR-based (Roche Monitor) and hybridization-based (Quantiplex bDNA-2) methods. Recently, a new version of the Roche Monitor assay (version 2.0) has become available; it has been modified to achieve more equal quantitation of different HCV genotypes. Consistent with previous reports, Roche Monitor version 1.0 substantially underestimated concentrations of RNA transcripts of types 2b, 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a and virus loads in individuals infected with genotypes 2 to 6 relative to reference tests. However, version 2.0 achieved equivalent quantitation of each genotype over a narrow quantitative range (103 to 5 × 105 copies of RNA/ml) but significantly underestimated RNA concentrations above this range. The assay showed an equivalent inability to quantify high levels of HCV RNA in plasma samples, and this was responsible for the falsely narrow range of virus loads detected in HCV-infected individuals. In contrast, the Chiron bDNA-2 assay could only measure RNA concentrations in the upper quantitative range (2 × 105 to 5 × 107 copies of RNA/ml) but showed equivalent sensitivity for genotypes 1 to 5; however, concentrations of type 6a RNA transcripts and virus loads in clinical specimens from individuals infected with type 6a were underestimated by a factor of 2 to 4. Differences were observed between PCR- and hybridization-based assays in their relative quantitation of HCV RNA transcripts and HCV genomic RNA, which may cause problems with the use of transcripts for interassay calibration.

Evolution and persistence of resistance-associated substitutions of hepatitis C virus after direct-acting antiviral treatment failures

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jeong ◽  
B. Jin ◽  
H. W. Lee ◽  
H. J. Park ◽  
J. Y. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting

scholarly journals Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 4 and past direct-acting antiviral treatment failure

Hepatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Poordad ◽  
Stanislas Pol ◽  
Armen Asatryan ◽  
Maria Buti ◽  
David Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting

scholarly journals Direct-acting antiviral therapy improves kidney survival in hepatitis C virus–associated cryoglobulinaemia: the RENALCRYOGLOBULINEMIC study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pérez de José ◽  
Javier Carbayo ◽  
Anna Pocurull ◽  
Teresa Bada-Bosch ◽  
Clara Maria Cases Corona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Kidney Involvement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mixed Cryoglobulinaemia ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have shown high rates of sustained virological response in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the influence of DAAs on the course of kidney involvement in HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinaemia (HCV-MC) has been little studied. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of antiviral treatment on kidney prognosis and evolution in patients diagnosed with HCV-MC. Methods The RENALCRYOGLOBULINEMIC study is an observational multicentre cohort study of 139 patients with HCV-MC from 14 Spanish centres. Clinical and laboratory parameters were measured before and after antiviral treatment. Primary endpoints were kidney survival and mortality after HCV-MC diagnosis. Secondary endpoints were clinical, immunological and virological responses after antiviral treatment. Results Patients were divided into three groups based on the treatment received: treatment with DAAs (n = 100) treatment with interferon (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) (n = 24) and no treatment (n = 15). Patients were followed up for a median duration of 138 months (interquartile range 70–251. DAA treatment reduced overall mortality {hazard ratio [HR] 0.12 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–0.40]; P < 0.001} and improved kidney survival [HR 0.10 ( 95% CI 0.04–0.33); P < 0.001]. Conclusions Results from the RENALCRYOGLOBULINEMIC study indicated that DAA treatment in patients with HCV-MC improves kidney survival and reduces mortality.

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