Mass Casualty Events: Lessons Learned

2003 ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Bonnie L. Smoak ◽  
James A. Geiling
Keyword(s):  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mass Casualty Events

First Responder Psychological Recovery Following a Mass Casualty Event

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Sara Garrido ◽  
John Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Columbine High School ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
The Impact

Mass Casualty Events (MCE) have an extraordinary impact on an entire community. The impact on victims' families, survivors, and community members is often the subject of significant attention; however, rarely does the impact on first responders (law enforcement officers, firefighters, dispatchers, crime scene investigators/photographers, etc.) garner the same coverage. Additionally, agencies can quickly become overwhelmed by the magnitude of the response causing them to overlook the psychological impact of these incidents on their personnel. Serving as specialists in police and public safety psychology, crisis intervention, and trauma recovery, the authors reflect on lessons learned from their response to multiple MCEs, including the 1999 Columbine High School shooting and the 2012 Aurora Century 16 Theater shooting, and offer recommendations to agencies regarding crisis response and trauma recovery.

scholarly journals Mass casualty events: what to do as the dust settles?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M Russo ◽  
Joseph M Galante ◽  
John B Holcomb ◽  
Warren Dorlac ◽  
Jason Brocker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Detention Center ◽  
Plane Crash ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Boston Marathon Bombing ◽  
Mass Casualty Event ◽  
Boston Marathon

Care during mass casualty events (MCE) has improved during the last 15 years. Military and civilian collaboration has led to partnerships which augment the response to MCE. Much has been written about strategies to deliver care during an MCE, but there is little about how to transition back to normal operations after an event. A panel discussion entitled The Day(s) After: Lessons Learned from Trauma Team Management in the Aftermath of an Unexpected Mass Casualty Event at the 76th Annual American Association for the Surgery of Trauma meeting on September 13, 2017 brought together a cadre of military and civilian surgeons with experience in MCEs. The events described were the First Battle of Mogadishu (1993), the Second Battle of Fallujah (2004), the Bagram Detention Center Rocket Attack (2014), the Boston Marathon Bombing (2013), the Asiana Flight 214 Plane Crash (2013), the Baltimore Riots (2015), and the Orlando Pulse Night Club Shooting (2016). This article focuses on the lessons learned from military and civilian surgeons in the days after MCEs.

Predicting Resource Needs for Multiple and Mass Casualty Events in Combat: Lessons Learned From Combat Support Hospital Experience in Operation Iraqi Freedom

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S129-S137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec C. Beekley ◽  
Matthew J. Martin ◽  
Philip C. Spinella ◽  
Simon P. Telian ◽  
John B. Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Operation Iraqi Freedom ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Hospital Experience ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Resource Needs ◽  
Iraqi Freedom

Terrorism in France

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Carli ◽  
Caroline Telion ◽  
David Baker
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractFrance has experienced two waves of major terrorist bombings since 1980. In the first wave (1985–1986), eight bombings occurred in Paris, killing 13 and injuring 281. In the second wave (1995–1996), six bombings occurred in Paris and Lyon, killing 10 and injuring 262. Based on lessons learned during these events, France has developed and improved a sophisticated national system for prehospital emergency response to conventional terrorist attacks based on its national emergency medical services (EMS) system, Service d' Aide Medicale Urgente (SAMU). According to the national plan for the emergency medical response to mass-casualty events (White Plan), the major phases of EMS response are: (1) alert; (2) search and rescue; (3) triage of victims and provision of critical care to first priority victims; (4) regulated dispatch of victims to hospitals; and (5) psychological assistance.Following the 1995 Tokyo subway sarin attack, a national plan for the emergency response to chemical and biological events (PIRATOX) was implemented. In 2002, the Ministries of Health and the Interior collaborated to produce a comprehensive national plan (BIOTOX) for the emergency response to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear events. Key aspects of BIOTOX are the prehospital provision of specialized advance life support for toxic injuries and the protection of responders in contaminated environments. BIOTOX was successfully used during the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in France.

A systematic review and analysis of learning from major incidents and mass casualty events over the last five years

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
A Phailly ◽  
D King ◽  
M Khan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Future Events

AbstractThe dawn of the 21st century has seen a dramatic increase of mass casualty events internationally, with a number of aetiologies. The key with any healthcare evolution is to identify whether lessons learned are being implemented to help to mitigate future events. This article will explore the lessons learned from mass casualty events over the last five years.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prehospital Triage through Outcome Assessments and Lessons Learned from Mass-Casualty Events

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
pp. S11-S11
Author(s):  
Udi Katzenell ◽  
Yuval Ran ◽  
Yana Yegorov ◽  
Ori Ganor ◽  
Gil Hirschhorn
Keyword(s):  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Outcome Assessments ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Prehospital Triage

scholarly journals The Trifecta of Tele-Critical Care: Intrahospital, Operational, and Mass Casualty Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Kristina M Ieronimakis ◽  
Christopher J Colombo ◽  
Justin Valovich ◽  
Mark Griffith ◽  
Konrad L Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Simulation Scenario ◽  
Field Exercise

ABSTRACT Introduction Tele-critical care (TCC) has improved outcomes in civilian hospitals and military treatment facilities (MTFs). Tele-critical care has the potential to concurrently support MTFs and operational environments and could increase capacity and capability during mass casualty events. TCC services distributed across multiple hub sites may flexibly adapt to rapid changes in patient volume and complexity to fully optimize resources. Given the highly variable census in MTF intensive care units (ICU), the proposed TCC solution offers system resiliency and redundancy for garrison, operational, and mass casualty needs, while also maximizing return on investment for the Defense Health Agency. Materials and Methods The investigators piloted simultaneous TCC support to the MTF during three field exercises: (1) TCC concurrently monitored the ICU during a remote mass casualty exercise: the TCC physician monitored a high-risk ICU patient while the nurse monitored 24 simulated field casualties; (2) TCC concurrently monitored the garrison ICU and a remote military medical field exercise: the physician provided tele-mentoring during prolonged field care for a simulated casualty, and the nurse provided hospital ICU TCC; (3) the TCC nurse simultaneously monitored the ICU while providing reach-back support to field hospital nurses training in a simulation scenario. Results TCC proved feasible during multiple exercises with concurrent tele-mentoring to different care environments including physician and nurse alternating operational and hospital support roles, and an ICU nurse managing both simultaneously. ICU staff noted enhanced quality and safety of bedside care. Field exercise participants indicated TCC expanded multipatient monitoring during mass casualties and enhanced novice caregiver procedural capability and scope of patient complexity. Conclusions Tele-critical care can extend critical care services to anywhere at any time in support of garrison medicine, operational medicine, and mass casualty settings. An interoperable, flexibly staffed, and rapidly expandable TCC network must be further developed given the potential for large casualty volumes to overwhelm a single TCC provider with multiple duties. Lessons learned from development of this capability should have applicability for managing military and civilian mass casualty events.

First Responder Psychological Recovery Following a Mass Casualty Event

2016 ◽  
pp. 653-667
Author(s):  
Sara Garrido ◽  
John Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Columbine High School ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
The Impact

Mass Casualty Events (MCE) have an extraordinary impact on an entire community. The impact on victims' families, survivors, and community members is often the subject of significant attention; however, rarely does the impact on first responders (law enforcement officers, firefighters, dispatchers, crime scene investigators/photographers, etc.) garner the same coverage. Additionally, agencies can quickly become overwhelmed by the magnitude of the response causing them to overlook the psychological impact of these incidents on their personnel. Serving as specialists in police and public safety psychology, crisis intervention, and trauma recovery, the authors reflect on lessons learned from their response to multiple MCEs, including the 1999 Columbine High School shooting and the 2012 Aurora Century 16 Theater shooting, and offer recommendations to agencies regarding crisis response and trauma recovery.

Ethical lessons learned and to be learned from mass casualty events by terrorism

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rael D. Strous ◽  
Azgad Gold
Keyword(s):  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mass Casualty Events
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