The ‘uncorrupted’ Paradise: Religion and imperial epistemic violence on Pitcairn Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Jablonski

This article analyses chapters from Amasa Delano’s Narrative of Voyages and Travels in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (1817) and Rosalind Amelia Young’s Mutiny of the Bounty and Story of Pitcairn Island, 1790–1894 (1894) in the context of US American perception of Pitcairn Island’s cultural identity. It envisions both Delano’s account of the island and the Californian Seventh-day Adventists’ missionary work, as described by Young, as examples of epistemic violence. The latter derives from imperial misrepresentations of the islanders as well as an imposition of US American cultural identity upon them. The violence committed against Pitcairn’s community is discussed in connection to Delano’s self-proclaimed approach of non-intervention and his depiction of the islanders as Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ‘children of nature’, as well as to the direct involvement of the Adventists who converted the islanders. This article tests whether Delano’s and the Adventists’ approaches are mutually exclusive or whether they represent two different visions of the same imperialist project to constitute Pitcairn Islanders as the colonial ‘Other’.

Author(s):  
Surayah Hj Bungsu ◽  
Musnin Misdih ◽  
Dayang Damit @ Saidah Mohd Yassin

  Product efficiency of the Brunei ethnic traditional kuih is highligted through the priceless knowledge inherited from their ancestors. The manufacturing of these traditional kuih is closely related to its culture or rites such as the celebration of marriage, birth or respecting deaths. These traditional kuih are very unique in the Brunei ethnic context because it was produced through innovative thinking. This way of thinking hence produces kuih-muih that comes in various functions and shapes that represents the heart and identity of a culture. This research is conducted to explore the cultural identity of the Brunei Ethnic kuih-muih production in Beaufort district. These kuih-muih include Kuih Jalurut, Kuih Tilapam, Kuih Lamban Udang, Kuih Tapai, Katupat Lupas and Bikang. This research involved two Brunei ethnic village; Kampung Weston and Kampung Lubuk; situated in Beaufort district, Sabah. This research applied Visualisation Technique and discussed several aesthetical elements like packaging designs, manufacturing ingredients and packaging methods. Every element discussed will be able to explain the role of these traditional Brunei ethnic kuih-muih in the context of identifying its culture identity and ancient rites. This is a qualitative research that utilises field research data that was obtained from interviews, observations and researcher’s direct involvement. The informants were chosen based on their age, expertise and experiences in making traditional kuih-muih and this also includes those who were in the know of the rites and culture of the Brunei ethnic. This research concluded that the making of traditional kuih-muih showcased identity, aesthetical values and culture as a treasure that is worthy to be preserved.   ABSTRAK Kearifan produk kuih tradisional dalam komuniti etnik Brunei diserlahkan melalui warisan turun-temurun yang amat tinggi nilainya. Pembuatan kuih-muih tradisi amat berkait rapat dengan perlakuan budaya atau upacara adat seperti keramaian, kenduri-kendara, perkahwinan, kelahiran atau kematian dalam etnik Brunei. Keunikan kuih tradisi dalam konteks budaya Brunei adalah akibat pemikiran yang inovatif sehingga terjelmanya kuih-muih tradisi dalam pelbagai fungsi dan bentuk yang menjelaskan jati diri dan identiti budaya. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menyingkap identiti budaya yang menjurus kepada pembuatan kuih-muih tradisional bagi etnik Brunei di Daerah Beaufort. Kuih-muih tradisi yang dimaksudkan terdiri daripada Kuih jalurut, kuih tilapam, kuih lamban udang, kuih tapai, katupat lapas dan bikang. Kajian ini melibatkan dua buah perkampungan etnik Brunei iaitu di Kampung Weston dan Kampung Lubuk yang terletak di daerah Beaufort, Sabah. Kajian ini menggunakan teknik visualisasi dan membincangkan beberapa elemen estetika seperti reka bentuk pembungkusan, bahan pembuatan dan kaedah pembungkusan. Setiap elemen yang dibincangkan dapat menjelaskan peranan kuih-muih tradisi dalam konteks identiti adat dan budaya etnik Brunei di Daerah Beaufort. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan data-data kajian daripada lapangan melalui kaedah temu bual, pemerhatian dan penglibatan turut serta oleh pengkaji. Informan yang terlibat dipilih berdasarkan tahap usia, kepakaran dan pengalaman mereka dalam pembuatan kuih-muih tradisional serta mereka yang arif tentang adat dan upacara budaya etnik Brunei. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa kerencaman pembuatan kuih tradisi memaparkan identiti, nilai estetika dan budaya sebagai khazanah yang perlu dipelihara.  


Author(s):  
Kwabena Opuni-Frimpong ◽  
Michael Kwadwo Ntiamoah

The study is an examination of the conversion challenges confronting Akan Christian Royals in Ghana. The Western missionaries and missionary established churches demand that as part of their conversion requirements, Akan Royals must reject and disassociate themselves from the Black Stool, ancestors and all ancestral related activities. The Royals who claim that their families have become Christian royal families insist that authority symbols like the Black Stools and ancestral ceremonies like the Adae do not take the place of the sovereignty of God and the Lordship of Christ in their belief system. Moreover, participation in Palace services prepares them for traditional leadership and does not take them away from their faith in Christ. The traditional leadership institutions and the Royals that welcomed the Western missionaries, provided them with hospitality, security and resources for the missionary work have come to be considered as unchristian and an anathema to the Christian faith. The position of the church has created tensions within Akan Christian Royal and put the genuineness of their conversion in doubt. The study which is qualitative in nature uses both primary and secondary methods in its information gathering. Its findings provide responses to some contemporary tensions in gospel and culture studies in African Christianity. Keywords: Akan Royals, Christian Conversion, Cultural Identity, Black Stool, Authority Symbols


2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Lavee ◽  
Ludmila Krivosh

This research aims to identify factors associated with marital instability among Jewish and mixed (Jewish and non-Jewish) couples following immigration from the former Soviet Union. Based on the Strangeness Theory and the Model of Acculturation, we predicted that non-Jewish immigrants would be less well adjusted personally and socially to Israeli society than Jewish immigrants and that endogamous Jewish couples would have better interpersonal congruence than mixed couples in terms of personal and social adjustment. The sample included 92 Jewish couples and 92 ethnically-mixed couples, of which 82 couples (40 Jewish, 42 mixed) divorced or separated after immigration and 102 couples (52 Jewish, 50 ethnically mixed) remained married. Significant differences were found between Jewish and non-Jewish immigrants in personal adjustment, and between endogamous and ethnically-mixed couples in the congruence between spouses in their personal and social adjustment. Marital instability was best explained by interpersonal disparity in cultural identity and in adjustment to life in Israel. The findings expand the knowledge on marital outcomes of immigration, in general, and immigration of mixed marriages, in particular.


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