The state of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in Latin America and its implications for innovation and growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-42
Author(s):  
Goretti Cabaleiro ◽  
Felipe Salce
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Ipr Protection

This article reviews the primary implications of having strong intellectual property rights (IPRs) for innovation in the context of the situation in Latin America. Specifically, the article reviews the relationships, as found in the literature, between strong IPR protection and important economic and innovation-related variables both for developed and developing countries. Beyond its focus on Latin America, the paper also provides evidence and explains the situation of the different IPR regimes; describes the existing regional and global legislation and initiatives; and looks into the debate regarding the effect of IPRs in developing countries.

Intellectual property rights protection and export quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiying Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property Protection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Export Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ipr Protection

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of intellectual property rights (IPR) protection on its ability to enhance domestic export quality. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides a testable framework to explain the impact of IPR protection on export quality. Research and development (R&D) spending and foreign direct investment (FDI) are positively correlated with a country’s export quality. Furthermore, intellectual property protection can induce more FDI and R&D spending. Therefore, the authors expect that there may be an indirect relationship between intellectual property protection and export quality (Figure 1). Findings The empirical results suggest that the influence paths of IPR protection on export quality are different between developed and developing countries. FDI plays a mediating role in the relationship between IPR protection and export quality in developing countries, while this mediating effect in developed countries is dependent on R&D and FDI. In addition, this impact is statistically significant in high-technology industries. Especially, IPR protection plays an extraordinary important role in enhancing the export quality of differentiated high-technology products. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature in several ways. First, this is the first empirical analysis focusing on the influence path of IPR protection on export quality. The authors find that the hypothesis is supported by the positive and significant interaction coefficients of IPR protection with FDI and R&D. Second, the authors explore that the influence path of IPR protection on export quality may vary with the level of economic development. Third, this paper examines the effect of IPR protection on export quality in different industries.

scholarly journals Cultivating Intellectual Property Rights Competence in Teachers in Ukraine: Attitude, Challenges, Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-508
Author(s):  
Vadym Luniachek ◽  
Nataliia Ruban ◽  
Ludmila Zelenska ◽  
Tetyana Varenko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Teachers Training ◽  
Ipr Protection

The research aims to substantiate the need to cultivate the IPR competence in secondary education teachers. Its relevance lies in the fact that the relevant knowledge and skills help promote respect for others’ intellectual works and prevent IPR infringements. The findings reveal, inter alia, lack of understanding of the need to observe the IPR-related legal framework; teachers’ insufficient IPR competence and understanding; the need to review the state policy on education regarding IPR protection; teachers’ willingness to protect their copyright; the need for a relevant IPR competence cultivation within teachers’ training and qualification enhancement, etc.

The TRIPS Agreement as a Coercive Threat: Estimating the Effects of Trade Ties on IPR Protection Regimes

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-275
Author(s):  
Ryan Cardwell ◽  
Pascal L. Ghazalian
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Significant Determinant ◽  
Economic Regions ◽  
Ipr Protection

Negotiators from developed countries pushed hard for the inclusion of the TRIPS Agreement in the WTO set of agreements because it was viewed as a potentially effective method of coercing developing countries to strengthen their protection of intellectual property rights (IPR). We investigate whether the threat of cross-agreement retaliation, which could be authorized in disputes regarding the TRIPS Agreement, is effective in changing countries’ IPR protection regimes. The results from a panel empirical model suggest that both the TRIPS Agreement and the strength of trade ties with developed countries are important determinants of IPR protection regimes, but the vulnerability to potential trade losses through cross-agreement retaliation is not a uniformly significant determinant across geo-economic regions. These results extend beyond the TRIPS Agreement and highlight the potential ineffectiveness of the WTO’s retaliation mechanism as a coercive threat.

Intellectual Property Rights and Export Sophistication

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiying Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Ipr Protection

Developing economies are aiming to upgrade the sophistication of their exports. Previous studies have explored the drivers of export sophistication. However, the intellectual property rights (IPR) protection has attracted little attention. This paper studies how IPR protection affects export sophistication. The empirical results show that in developing countries, foreign direct investment (FDI) and imports play a mediating role in the relationship between IPR protection and export sophistication; while for developed countries, the corresponding mediating effects rely on research and development (R&D) and FDI. In addition, when making a more accurate classification of developing countries' imports and inward FDI origin, we find that the mediating effect depends on South–South imports and North–South FDI.

International Seminar – Contributions to the Development Agenda on Intellectual Property Rights

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Celia Castro ◽  
Maria Beatriz Amorim Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Patent System ◽  
International Seminar ◽  
Development Agenda

TRIPS as it stands is against the interests of developing countries, and needsreform. In developing their own patent law, developing countries need to recognizethat there is now near consensus among informed observers that patentlaw and practice have, in some cases, overshot, and need to be reformed. Thatis the burden of the recent NAS/NRC report on “A Patent System for the 21stCentury.

Foreign Direct Investment, Intellectual Property Rights, and Productivity Growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1440009
Author(s):  
Sasatra Sudsawasd ◽  
Santi Chaisrisawatsuk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ipr Protection

Using panel data for 57 countries over the period of 1995–2012, this paper investigates the impact of intellectual property rights (IPR) processes on productivity growth. The IPR processes are decomposed into three stages — innovation process, commercialization process, and protection process. The paper finds that better IPR protection is directly associated with productivity improvements only in developed economies. In addition, the contribution of IPR processes on growth through foreign direct investment (FDI) appears to be quite limited. Only inward FDI in developed countries which creates better innovative capability leads to higher growth. In connection with outward FDI, only the increase in IPR protection and commercialization are proven to improve productivity in the case of developing countries, particularly when the country acts as the investing country.

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