scholarly journals A Connection Between the Settlement Dynamic of the Eastern Pamir and Paleoclimatic Changes in the Late Glacial and Holocene

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Alekseitseva V. ◽  
◽  
Shnaider S. ◽  
Rudaya N. ◽  
Saifuloev N. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Paleoclimatic Changes ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Paleoecological Reconstructions

This article is devoted to a review of the data on the chronology of the occupation of the Eastern Pamirs high-lands and the paleoecological reconstructions. At this moment it is known that there are two main episodes of the settlement of the region in the Final Pleistocene – Middle Holocene: 12–8 ka BP. (the main archaeological sites are the Istyk cave and the Kurteke grotto) and 8–6 thousand years ago (Oshkhona, Shakhty, Istykskaya cave, Kurteke). The review shows that these episodes coincide with the periods of the most favorable paleoclimatic conditions. The climate of the region in general is characterized as arid desert, with a predominance of open spaces of desert-steppe and desert appearance. The time intervals about 15–13 thousand years ago and about 9–8 thousand years ago are characterized with a transition from xerophilic groups to more mesophilic, which indicates a humidification of the climate during these periods. The researchers note that these climatic changes are likely to be pan-regional. The revealed cyclicality of climate changes in the Eastern Pamir region is comparable to archaeological data: the time intervals in when an increase in the climate humidity of the region is noted are similar to the intervals in when, according to archaeological data, the region was populated. Further paleoecological reconstructions of the Eastern Pamirs will reveal the connection between the cyclicality of climatic changes in the region and human settlement in its territory.

scholarly journals Some aspects of the last glaciation in the Mazury Lake District (north-eastern Poland)

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pochocka-Szwarc
Keyword(s):  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organic Sediments ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene

ABSTRACT The morphology of the Mazury Lake District (north-eastern Poland) dates from 24-19 ka (main stadial of the youngest Vistulian glaciation). During this last glacial maximum (MIS 2) a belt with lacustrine basins was formed when the ice sheet retreated at the end of the Pomeranian phase. The ice-sheet retreat is morphologically also expressed by the occurrence of end moraines. The study area is situated in the Skaliska Basin, in the northern part of the Lake District (near the Polish/ Russian border), at the periphery of zone with end moraines. Originally the basin was an ice-dammed depression filled with melt water; the water flowed out into the developing Pregoła valley when the ice retreated and did no longer dam off the depression. The basin, which is surrounded by hill-shaped moraines, is filled now with Late Glacial and Holocene glaciolacustrine sediments. The organic sediments of the basin record the history of the Late Glacial and Holocene climatic changes in this region.

scholarly journals Late Glacial and Holocene changes in vegetation cover and climate in southern Siberia derived from a 15 kyr long pollen record from Lake Kotokel

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Tarasov ◽  
E. V. Bezrukova ◽  
S. K. Krivonogov
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Abstract. In this study a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Kotokel (52°47´ N, 108°07´ E, 458 m a.s.l.) located in southern Siberia east of Lake Baikal was used to derive quantitative characteristics of regional vegetation and climate since about 15 kyr BP (1 kyr=1000 cal. yr) until today. Quantitative reconstruction of the late glacial vegetation and climate dynamics suggests that open steppe and tundra communities predominated in the study area prior to ca. 13.5 kyr BP and again during the Younger Dryas interval, between 12.8 and 11.6 kyr BP. The pollen-based climate reconstruction suggests lower-than-present mean January (~–38°C) and July (~12°C) temperatures and annual precipitation (~270–300 mm) values during these time intervals. Boreal woodland replaced the primarily open landscape around Kotokel three times at about 14.8–14.7 kyr BP, during the Allerød Interstadial between 13.3–12.8 kyr BP and with the onset of the Holocene interglacial between 11.5 and 10.5 kyr BP, presumably in response to a noticeable increase in precipitation, and in July and January temperatures. The maximal spread of the boreal forest (taiga) communities in the region is associated with a warmer and wetter-than-present climate (Tw~17–18°C, Tc~–19°C, Pann~500–550 mm) occurred ca.\\ 10.8–7.3 kyr BP. During this time interval woody vegetation covered more than 50% of the area within a 21×21 km window around the lake. The pollen-based best modern analogue reconstruction suggests a decrease in woody cover percentages and in all climatic variables about 7–6.5 kyr BP. Since that time our results demonstrate gradual decrease in precipitation and mean January temperature towards their present-day values in the region around Lake Kotokel.

scholarly journals Late Glacial and Holocene changes in vegetation cover and climate in southern Siberia derived from a 15 kyr long pollen record from Lake Kotokel

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Tarasov ◽  
E. V. Bezrukova ◽  
S. K. Krivonogov
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Abstract. In this study a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Kotokel (52°47´ N, 108°07´ E, 458 m a.s.l.) located in southern Siberia east of Lake Baikal was used to derive quantitative characteristics of regional vegetation and climate from about 15 kyr BP (1 kyr=1000 cal. yr) until today. Quantitative reconstruction of the late glacial vegetation and climate dynamics suggests that open steppe and tundra communities predominated in the study area prior to ca. 13.5 kyr BP and again during the Younger Dryas interval, between 12.8 and 11.6 kyr BP. The pollen-based climate reconstruction suggests lower-than-present mean January (~−38°C) and July (~12°C) temperatures and annual precipitation (~270–300 mm) values during these time intervals. Boreal woodland replaced the primarily open landscape around Kotokel three times at about 14.8–14.7 kyr BP, during the Allerød Interstadial between 13.3–12.8 kyr BP and with the onset of the Holocene interglacial between 11.5 and 10.5 kyr BP, presumably in response to a noticeable increase in precipitation, and in July and January temperatures. The maximal spread of the boreal forest (taiga) communities in the region is associated with a warmer and wetter-than-present climate (Tw~17–18°C, Tc~−19°C, Pann~500–550 mm) that occurred ca. 10.8–7.3 kyr BP. During this time interval woody vegetation covered more than 50% of the area within a 21×21 km window around the lake. The pollen-based best modern analogue reconstruction suggests a decrease in woody cover percentages and in all climatic variables about 7–6.5 kyr BP. Our results demonstrate a gradual decrease in precipitation and mean January temperature towards their present-day values in the region around Lake Kotokel since that time.

scholarly journals Chronology of Vegetation and Paleoclimatic Stages of Northwestern Russia During the Late Glacial and Holocene

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh A Arslanov ◽  
L A Saveljeva ◽  
N A Gey ◽  
V A Klimanov ◽  
S B Chernov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Paleoclimatic Changes ◽  
Reference Sections ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Northwestern Russia ◽  
Geochronological Scale

We have studied 6 reference sections of bog and lake sediments in the Leningrad and Novgorod provinces to develop a geochronological scale for vegetational and paleoclimatic changes in northwestern Russia during the Late Glacial and Holocene. Every 10-cm layer along the peat and gyttja sections (4–8.5 m thick) was investigated palynologically and the great majority of them were radiocarbon dated. Using the data obtained, standard palynological diagrams were plotted and vegetation history reconstructed. The palynozones indicated on the diagrams were related to the climatic periods and subperiods (phases) of the Blytt-Sernander scheme. On the basis of 230 14C dates obtained, we derived the geochronology of climatic periods and phases, as well as the chronology for the appearance and areal distribution of forest-forming tree species. The uppermost peat layers were dated by using the “bomb effect”. We compared the stages of Holocene vegetation and paleoclimatic changes discovered for the Leningrad and Novgorod provinces with the those obtained for Karelia, which we had studied earlier using the same methodology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document