scholarly journals Late Glacial and Holocene changes in vegetation cover and climate in southern Siberia derived from a 15 kyr long pollen record from Lake Kotokel

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Tarasov ◽  
E. V. Bezrukova ◽  
S. K. Krivonogov
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Abstract. In this study a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Kotokel (52°47´ N, 108°07´ E, 458 m a.s.l.) located in southern Siberia east of Lake Baikal was used to derive quantitative characteristics of regional vegetation and climate from about 15 kyr BP (1 kyr=1000 cal. yr) until today. Quantitative reconstruction of the late glacial vegetation and climate dynamics suggests that open steppe and tundra communities predominated in the study area prior to ca. 13.5 kyr BP and again during the Younger Dryas interval, between 12.8 and 11.6 kyr BP. The pollen-based climate reconstruction suggests lower-than-present mean January (~−38°C) and July (~12°C) temperatures and annual precipitation (~270–300 mm) values during these time intervals. Boreal woodland replaced the primarily open landscape around Kotokel three times at about 14.8–14.7 kyr BP, during the Allerød Interstadial between 13.3–12.8 kyr BP and with the onset of the Holocene interglacial between 11.5 and 10.5 kyr BP, presumably in response to a noticeable increase in precipitation, and in July and January temperatures. The maximal spread of the boreal forest (taiga) communities in the region is associated with a warmer and wetter-than-present climate (Tw~17–18°C, Tc~−19°C, Pann~500–550 mm) that occurred ca. 10.8–7.3 kyr BP. During this time interval woody vegetation covered more than 50% of the area within a 21×21 km window around the lake. The pollen-based best modern analogue reconstruction suggests a decrease in woody cover percentages and in all climatic variables about 7–6.5 kyr BP. Our results demonstrate a gradual decrease in precipitation and mean January temperature towards their present-day values in the region around Lake Kotokel since that time.

scholarly journals Late Glacial and Holocene changes in vegetation cover and climate in southern Siberia derived from a 15 kyr long pollen record from Lake Kotokel

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Tarasov ◽  
E. V. Bezrukova ◽  
S. K. Krivonogov
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Abstract. In this study a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Kotokel (52°47´ N, 108°07´ E, 458 m a.s.l.) located in southern Siberia east of Lake Baikal was used to derive quantitative characteristics of regional vegetation and climate since about 15 kyr BP (1 kyr=1000 cal. yr) until today. Quantitative reconstruction of the late glacial vegetation and climate dynamics suggests that open steppe and tundra communities predominated in the study area prior to ca. 13.5 kyr BP and again during the Younger Dryas interval, between 12.8 and 11.6 kyr BP. The pollen-based climate reconstruction suggests lower-than-present mean January (~–38°C) and July (~12°C) temperatures and annual precipitation (~270–300 mm) values during these time intervals. Boreal woodland replaced the primarily open landscape around Kotokel three times at about 14.8–14.7 kyr BP, during the Allerød Interstadial between 13.3–12.8 kyr BP and with the onset of the Holocene interglacial between 11.5 and 10.5 kyr BP, presumably in response to a noticeable increase in precipitation, and in July and January temperatures. The maximal spread of the boreal forest (taiga) communities in the region is associated with a warmer and wetter-than-present climate (Tw~17–18°C, Tc~–19°C, Pann~500–550 mm) occurred ca.\\ 10.8–7.3 kyr BP. During this time interval woody vegetation covered more than 50% of the area within a 21×21 km window around the lake. The pollen-based best modern analogue reconstruction suggests a decrease in woody cover percentages and in all climatic variables about 7–6.5 kyr BP. Since that time our results demonstrate gradual decrease in precipitation and mean January temperature towards their present-day values in the region around Lake Kotokel.

scholarly journals Late Glacial to Holocene environments in the present-day coldest region of the Northern Hemisphere inferred from a pollen record of Lake Billyakh, Verkhoyansk Mts, NE Siberia

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Müller ◽  
P. E. Tarasov ◽  
A. A. Andreev ◽  
B. Diekmann
Keyword(s):  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
Steppe Communities ◽  
Shrub Tundra ◽  
Vegetation And Climate ◽  
Taiga Forests

Abstract. In this study, a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Billyakh (65°17' N, 126°47' E; 340 m a.s.l.) in the Verkhoyansk Mountains was used to reconstruct vegetation and climate change since about 15 kyr BP. The pollen record and pollen-based biome reconstruction suggest that open cool steppe (STEP) and grass and sedge tundra (TUND) communities with Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Selaginella rupestris dominated the area from 15 to 13.5 kyr BP. On the other hand, the constant presence of Larix pollen in quantities comparable to today's values points to the constant presence of boreal deciduous conifer (CLDE) trees in the regional vegetation during the Late Glacial. A major spread of shrub tundra communities, including birch (Betula sect. Nanae), alder (Duschekia fruticosa) and willow (Salix) species, is dated to 13.5–12.7 kyr BP, indicating a noticeable increase in precipitation toward the end of the Last Glaciation, particularly during the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial. Between 12.7 and 11.4 kyr BP pollen percentages of herbaceous taxa rapidly increased, whereas shrub taxa percentages decreased, suggesting strengthening of the steppe communities associated with the relatively cold and dry Younger Dryas Stadial. However, the pollen data in hand indicate that Younger Dryas climate was less severe than the climate during the earlier interval from 15 to 13.5 kyr BP. The onset of the Holocene is marked in the pollen record by the highest values of shrub and lowest values of herbaceous taxa, suggesting a return of warmer and wetter conditions after 11.4 kyr BP. Percentages of tree taxa increase gradually and reach maximum values after 7 kyr BP, reflecting the spread of boreal cold deciduous and taiga forests in the region. An interval between 7 and 2 kyr BP is noticeable for the highest percentages of Scots pine (Pinus subgen. Diploxylon), spruce (Picea) and fir (Abies) pollen, indicating mid-Holocene spread of boreal forest communities in response to climate amelioration and degradation of the permafrost layer.

scholarly journals Late Glacial to Holocene environments in the present-day coldest region of the Northern Hemisphere inferred from a pollen record of Lake Billyakh, Verkhoyansk Mts, NE Siberia

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1237-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Müller ◽  
P. E. Tarasov ◽  
A. A. Andreev ◽  
B. Diekmann
Keyword(s):  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
Steppe Communities ◽  
Shrub Tundra ◽  
Conifer Trees ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Abstract. In this study a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Billyakh (65°17'N, 126°47'E; 340 m a.s.l.) in the Verkhoyansk Mountains was used to reconstruct vegetation and climate change since about 15 kyr BP (1 kyr=1000 cal. yr). The pollen record and pollen-based biome reconstruction suggest that open cool steppe and grass and sedge tundra communities with Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Selaginella rupestris dominated the area from 15 to 13.5 kyr BP. On the other hand, the constant presence of Larix pollen in quantities comparable to today's values points to the constant presence of boreal deciduous conifer trees in the regional vegetation during the last glaciation. A major spread of shrub tundra communities, including birch (Betula sect. Nanae), alder (Duschekia fruticosa) and willow (Salix) species, is dated to 13.5–12.7 kyr BP, indicating a noticeable increase in precipitation toward the end of the last glaciation, particularly during the Allerød Interstadial. Between 12.7 and 11.4 kyr BP pollen percentages of herbaceous taxa rapidly increased, whereas shrub taxa percentages decreased, suggesting strengthening of the steppe communities associated with the relatively cold and dry Younger Dryas Stadial. However, the pollen data in hand indicate that Younger Dryas climate was less severe than the climate during the earlier interval from 15 to 13.5 kyr BP. The onset of the Holocene is marked in the pollen record by the highest values of shrub and lowest values of herbaceous taxa, suggesting a return of warmer and wetter conditions after 11.4 kyr BP. Percentages of tree taxa increase gradually and reach maximum values after 7 kyr BP, reflecting the spread of boreal cold deciduous and taiga forests in the region. An interval between 7 and 2 kyr BP is noticeable for the highest percentages of Scots pine (Pinus subgen. Diploxylon), spruce (Picea) and fir (Abies) pollen, indicating mid-Holocene spread of boreal forest communities in response to climate amelioration and degradation of the permafrost layer.

scholarly journals Holocene Environmental Change in the Frobisher Bay Area, Baffin Island, N.W.T.: Deglaciation, Emergence, and the Sequence of Vegetation and Climate

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Jacobs ◽  
W. N. Mode ◽  
C. A. Squires ◽  
G. H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Inland Ice

ABSTRACT The late-glacial and Holocene paleoenvironmental sequence for the Frobisher Bay area is outlined using glacial, sea level, and palynological evidence. A rapid retreat of ice from the late Foxe glacial maximum in the lower part of the bay after 11,000 BP was followed by a series of stillstands or minor readvances between ca. 8500 and 7000 BP and possibly later, before the final disappearance of the inland ice centred near Amadjuak Lake. Lithostratigraphy of three buried organic sections which together represent deposition occurring over the period from 5500 to 400 BP indicates a change from a relatively warm, moist environment before 5500 BP to neoglacial conditions, with the coldest phases centred around 5000, 2700, 1200 BP and probably sometime after 400 radiocarbon years BP. As evidenced by peat growth and pollen data, milder, wetter conditions prevailed from 4500 to 3000 BP and again from ca. 2600 to 1800 BP. Peat growth and soil organic fractions point to lesser mild intervals ca. 900 BP and 400 BP, but these are not apparent in the pollen assemblage. The pollen record does not extend to the last four centuries; however, lichenometric studies of neoglacial moraines by DOWDESWELL (1984) show that the maximum late Holocene advance of glaciers in the area occurred within the last century. Modern pollen samples indicate that the present vegetation of the inner Frobisher Bay area is comparable to that of the milder intervals of the late Holocene.

Late Glacial and Holocene vegetational changes on the Ulagan high-mountain plateau, Altai Mountains, southern Siberia

2004 ◽  
Vol 209 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 259-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A Blyakharchuk ◽  
H.E Wright ◽  
P.S Borodavko ◽  
W.O van der Knaap ◽  
B Ammann
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene

scholarly journals A Connection Between the Settlement Dynamic of the Eastern Pamir and Paleoclimatic Changes in the Late Glacial and Holocene

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Alekseitseva V. ◽  
◽  
Shnaider S. ◽  
Rudaya N. ◽  
Saifuloev N. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Paleoclimatic Changes ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene ◽  
Paleoecological Reconstructions

This article is devoted to a review of the data on the chronology of the occupation of the Eastern Pamirs high-lands and the paleoecological reconstructions. At this moment it is known that there are two main episodes of the settlement of the region in the Final Pleistocene – Middle Holocene: 12–8 ka BP. (the main archaeological sites are the Istyk cave and the Kurteke grotto) and 8–6 thousand years ago (Oshkhona, Shakhty, Istykskaya cave, Kurteke). The review shows that these episodes coincide with the periods of the most favorable paleoclimatic conditions. The climate of the region in general is characterized as arid desert, with a predominance of open spaces of desert-steppe and desert appearance. The time intervals about 15–13 thousand years ago and about 9–8 thousand years ago are characterized with a transition from xerophilic groups to more mesophilic, which indicates a humidification of the climate during these periods. The researchers note that these climatic changes are likely to be pan-regional. The revealed cyclicality of climate changes in the Eastern Pamir region is comparable to archaeological data: the time intervals in when an increase in the climate humidity of the region is noted are similar to the intervals in when, according to archaeological data, the region was populated. Further paleoecological reconstructions of the Eastern Pamirs will reveal the connection between the cyclicality of climatic changes in the region and human settlement in its territory.

Evidence of a late glacial warming event and early Holocene cooling in the southern Brazilian coastal highlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Behling ◽  
Marcelo Accioly Teixeira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
History Of Vegetation ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

AbstractA high-resolution pollen record of the Atlantic rain forest (ARF) biome from the coastal Serra do Tabuleiro mountains of southern Brazil documents an 11,960 yr history of vegetation and climate change. A marked expansion of Weinmannia into the grassland vegetation marks the latter part of the Younger Dryas, reflecting warm and relatively wet conditions. Between 11,490 and 9110 cal yr BP, grasslands became dominant again, indicating a long cold and dry phase, probably in response to the stronger influence of cold South Atlantic seawater and to Antarctic cold fronts. Between 9110 and 2640 cal yr BP, four distinct phases with strong or moderate expansions of different ARF biome taxa were recorded, reflecting warmer and relatively dry conditions with changes in rainfall and length of the annual dry season. After 2640 cal yr BP, the modern ARF biome became established with high amounts of ferns, reflecting somewhat cooler and wetter conditions with a reduced annual dry season. In particular, after 1000 cal yr BP tree ferns increased, reflecting wetter conditions with no dry season.

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