Optimization of City Water Supply Networks on Their Structural and Functional Analysis Base

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 680
Author(s):  
Alexander Tkachuk ◽  
Lyudmila Pilipaka ◽  
Anna Azizova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
Water Supply Networks ◽  
City Water

Based on the research results on the operation of urban water supply and distribution systems, the most rational ways of their improvement are identified in order to improve water supply and energy saving. 

scholarly journals A Stochastic Interpolation-Based Fractal Model for Vulnerability Diagnosis of Water Supply Networks Against Seismic Hazards

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaofeng Liu ◽  
Yawei Li ◽  
He Yin ◽  
Jiaxin Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Fractal Model ◽  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Classification Criterion ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Water Supply Networks ◽  
Stochastic Interpolation

Historical seismic events show that water supply networks are increasingly vulnerable to seismic damage, especially in a violent earthquake, which leads to an unprecedented level of risk. Evaluation of vulnerability to seismic hazards can be considered as one of the first steps of risk management and mitigation. This paper presents a stochastic interpolation-based fractal model for assessing the physical vulnerability of urban water supply pipelines. Firstly, based on the formation mechanism of natural disaster risk and the concept of seismic vulnerability, the most representative factors were selected as the vulnerability evaluation indices, and the classification criterion of each index was teased out according to the earthquake damage investigations and researches on the aseismatic behavior of water supply pipelines. Secondly, considering the randomness of vulnerability to earthquake hazards, the test data set was produced by way of stochastic interpolation according to the uniform distribution, on the basis of the classification criterion. The fractal dimensions of all of the indices were calculated based on the test data set. The fractal interpolation diagnosis function for identifying the vulnerability levels of pipelines to earthquake disasters was established. Finally, the application of the proposed model to a real water supply network and its comparative analysis showed that the water supply network was basically in a medium vulnerability level. Through the case study verification, we could find that the model was theoretically and practically feasible. This study helps to gain a better understanding of the extents of potential vulnerability levels of water supply pipelines. It can provide technical support for disaster prevention plans of urban water supply networks.

Seismic Hazard Assessment Model for Urban Water Supply Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 04015055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Guen Yoo ◽  
Donghwi Jung ◽  
Doosun Kang ◽  
Joong Hoon Kim ◽  
Kevin Lansey
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Water Supply Networks

scholarly journals Uncertainty in the analysis of urban water supply and distribution systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Tsakiris ◽  
Mike Spiliotis
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Extension Principle ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Supply And Distribution

Abstract Conventionally, the design of urban water supply and distribution systems is based on the assumption that all the involved parameters are known a priori and remain unaltered throughout the life cycle of the system. However, significant uncertainties do appear during the analysis and design of these systems, such as the equivalent pipe roughness and the actual internal diameters of the pipes. To study these uncertainties, the water supply and the looped water distribution systems are studied separately. For the water supply system, these uncertainties are incorporated in the analysis of the system, using the extension principle of the fuzzy sets and a new operation of the fuzzy subtraction. Based on the calculation of head losses for each branch of the system, the nodal heads are obtained as fuzzy numbers. In regard to the looped water distribution system, a methodology is developed and proposed, based on the extension principle and leading to several optimisation problems with respect to the branches of the system. The aim of the proposed methodology is to determine the α-cuts and finally produce the shape of the membership function of flows in the branches of the system. Both methodologies are illustrated by numerical examples.

scholarly journals Analysis of Water Losses and Assessment of Initiatives Aimed at Their Reduction in Selected Water Supply Systems

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Ociepa ◽  
Maciej Mrowiec ◽  
Iwona Deska
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Water Supply Networks ◽  
Loss Index ◽  
Water Meters

This paper presents the analysis and assessment of water losses in water distribution systems of three water supply companies operating water supply networks in the area of effect of underground mining. The analysis of water losses was conducted based on numerous indices allowing for obtaining objective information on the condition of the water supply system. The method of the analysis of percentage water loss index was extended by the methods of determination of losses according to the International Water Association. The results of the analysis lead to the conclusion that with regular actions, the companies have reduced water losses in recent years to a level considered to be good compared to national data and average compared to international standards. The value of the failure intensity index for all companies in 2011 was over 1.0 while currently it is about 0.5. The decrease in Non-Revenue Water basic loss index (NRWB) from more than 20% for all analysed companies in 2008 to a few percent in 2017 and the decrease in Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) for companies A and C to less than 2.0 are evidence of the good condition of the network. This is also confirmed by the unit water loss index per capita, with its value in 2017 being 9.1 dm3/(inhabitant day) for company A, 11 dm3/(inhabitant·day) for B and 7.4 dm3/(inhabitant·day) for C. The several years of analysis and evaluation of numerous indices of water loss presented in the paper reveals the effectiveness of the adopted strategies of reducing leakages in the distribution system. It should be emphasized that the analysed companies have been involved in comprehensive initiatives aimed at reducing water leakages, resulting in a substantial reduction in water losses. GIS monitoring systems and databases are particularly helpful in reducing water losses. The basis of the activities is monitoring of flow and pressure in water supply networks and active leakage control. Network zoning with simultaneous observation of minimum night-time flows allows for preliminary location of the failure. Equipping companies with special leakage detection devices such as geophones, stethophones or correlators enables quick detection of leakages. The next step is to replace water meters with more and more accurate ones and to implement radio reading of water meters. All analysed companies perform systematic replacement of old steel and cast iron pipes which cause a large number of leakages that are often difficult to identify, thus leading to water losses.

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