scholarly journals BURIAL CUSTOMS OF THE CHAMBER TOMBS IN SOUTHEAST ANATOLIA DURING THE EARLY BRONZE AGE

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya YILMAZ
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Customs ◽  
Southeast Anatolia

The Excavation of the Bee Low Round Cairn, Youlgreave, Derbyshire

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry M. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Burial Customs ◽  
Collective Group ◽  
Almost Continuous ◽  
Peak District

SummaryThere has been little investigation into the beaker period in the Derbyshire Peak District since Thomas Bateman's activities between 1843–60. This paper describes the excavation, between 1966–8, of Bee Low, a beaker round cairn imperfectly examined by Bateman in 1843 and 1851. The excavation produced evidence of almost continuous usage of the mound by beaker and later communities over a period of some 300 years. The earliest burials (c. 1700 B.C.) were a collective group of six or more inhumations in a stone cist with an All-Over-Cord beaker, a pottery type hitherto unrepresented in the Peak. In all, twenty-three inhumations and five cremations were recorded from the cairn, with further beakers of types N2 (Developed Northern), S2 (Developed Southern), and S4 (Final Southern), the last a further type not previously recorded with certainty in beaker contexts in the area. Burial customs included collective, crouched, and disarticulated interment. Only one inhumation had a metal association—a bronze awl—but two cremations were provided with bronzes, an awl and a small riveted knife. The excavation of this miniature necropolis has added considerably to present knowledge of the Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age cultures of the Peak.

scholarly journals BURIALS OF THE EARLY BRONZE AGE IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF AZERBAIJAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-402
Author(s):  
Anar Mirsamid Agalarzade
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Customs

The paper deals with the results of excavations carried out in recent years in the Early Bronze Age kurgans in the mountainous part of the south-eastern region of Azerbaijan. It has been determined that there are several types of burial customs of this period in these small kurgans located on the Komani plateau between Kurekchi and Arvana villages of Yardimly district, on the Azerbaijan - Iran border. Although the Early Bronze Age Telmankend kurgans were excavated in the foothills of the region in the 1960s, such monuments were not excavated or even registered in the highlands. at these grave monuments, which were first discovered by us in the summer pastures in 2014, archaeological excavations began in 2018, and four kurgans were excavated here. Komani kurgans, built at an altitude of 2000 m above sea level, are important in terms of studying the burial customs of the Early Bronze Age semi-nomadic cattle-breeding population. Excavations of Komani kurgans have revealed that the high mountainous area of the south-eastern region of Azerbaijan had been used by the cattle-breeding population since the Early Bronze Age, where they were engaged in seasonal farming and carried out their burials. The lack of grave goods during the burial is explained by their temporary residence in the summer pastures. Undoubtedly, the presence of short-term settlements of cattle-breeding tribes near the kurgans is no exception. Building of Early Bronze Age Komani kurgans in the afore-said area from the chronological viewpoint is distinguished due to their small size. As for the later stages of the Bronze Age, dozens of big kurgans can be found here. However, no archeological excavations have been carried out in any of them so far. Similar burial customs and materials of Komani kurgans are mostly found in the Early Bronze Age monuments of Nakhchivan. Similar burials can be found in other coeval grave monuments of Azerbaijan and in the north-eastern provinces of Iran.

scholarly journals Die Gräber von Bat und Al-Ayn und das Gebäude II in Bat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Döpper ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Burial Customs ◽  
Tower Structure ◽  
Modes Of Life ◽  
Small Finds

The Early Bronze Age in third-millennium-BC Eastern Arabia was a period of fundamental change, which is apparent in the development of social complexity, the exploitation of new resources and the emergence of new modes of life. Hallmarks of this period include monumental structures, so-called towers, and stone-built circular tombs. The second volume of the series Arabia Orientalis is dedicated to the archaeological investigation of the Early Bronze Age necropolises of the UNESCO world heritage sites Bat and Al-Ayn in the Sultanate of Oman, as well as the monumental tower structure Building II at Bat. It encompasses detailed reports on the architecture and stratigraphy, as well as the find assemblages from the excavated buildings, including pottery and small finds, along with anthropological as well as anthracological studies. The publication presents insights into changing burial customs, as well as the function of the monumental tower structures. Three out of the four excavated Hafit- and Umm an-Nar-period tombs in the necropolises featured evidence for reuse at later times, especially during the Samad period, where new inhumations were placed into the Bronze Age tombs. The early Umm an-Nar tower Building II is surrounded by a large ditch system that might have served as protection against flooding from the nearby wadi.

Early Bronze Age burial customs on the central Anatolian plateau: a view from Demircihöyük-Sarıket

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 73-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Massa
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Funerary Practices ◽  
Anatolian Plateau ◽  
Burial Customs ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis paper focuses on the analysis of the cemetery of Demircihöyük-Sarıket, for which exists one of the largest Early Bronze Age funerary datasets published to date in Anatolia. The size and quality of the sample allow the dataset to be approached quantitatively, to determine both normative and anomalous funerary practices, and to detect distinct patterns of burial treatment for different segments of the population represented in the cemetery. Despite the small size of the community (ca 100–130 people), the results suggest a rather complex picture, in which the choice of specific burial containers, the relative wealth of grave assemblages and the selection of particular sets of items were dependent on differences in the age, gender, occupation and achieved status of the deceased. Comparison with other contemporary funerary assemblages helps to place Demircihöyük-Sarıket and these community-scale observations within their wider cultural context in central Anatolia.

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